Leonard Shuffrey
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Leonard Shuffrey (31 March 1852 – 27 December 1926) was a British architect and architectural designer of the late Victorian and Edwardian period. He was a leading figure of the aesthetic movement that had a significant impact on the development of buildings and their interiors and their settings, both across London and the South of England. Noted for his wallpaper, fireplaces and ornate plasterwork, Shuffrey was thought the equal of
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
in his creativity and skill as a craftsman. His output is often found in decorative schemes with
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
, Edward Ould,
William De Morgan William Frend De Morgan (16 November 1839 – 15 January 1917) was an English potter, tile designer and novelist. A lifelong friend of William Morris, he designed tiles, stained glass and furniture for Morris & Co. from 1863 to 1872. His tile ...
, and other preeminent Arts & Crafts and late Pre-Raphaelite decorative artists of the day.


Early life and family

Leonard Atkinson Shuffrey was born on 31 March 1852 in Wood Green,
Witney Witney is a market town on the River Windrush in West Oxfordshire in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is west of Oxford. History The Toponymy, place-name "Witney" is derived from the Old English for "Witta's island". The earliest kno ...
,
Oxfordshire Oxfordshire ( ; abbreviated ''Oxon'') is a ceremonial county in South East England. The county is bordered by Northamptonshire and Warwickshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the east, Berkshire to the south, and Wiltshire and Glouceste ...
, into an old Wood Green family of blanket weavers and tanners of Huguenot origin, who had lived at 7 Narrow Hill since the early eighteenth century. His parents were Samuel Shuffrey (1810–1889) and Sarah Shuffrey, nee Baylis (1819–1875). One of seven siblings, Shuffrey was the elder brother of the celebrated watercolour artist James Allen Shuffrey. Their cousin was the Revd William Shuffrey (1851–1932), who was Vicar of Arncliffe and Honorary Canon of Ripon Cathedral. Leonard Shuffrey attended
Bloxham School Bloxham School, also called All Saints' School, is a Private schools in the United Kingdom, private co-educational day and boarding school of the Public school (United Kingdom), British public school tradition, located in the village of Bloxham ...
between 1856 and 1867. Shuffrey's first marriage, in 1873, was to Sarah Fletcher, a relative of
Banister Fletcher (senior) Banister Fletcher (11 August 1833 – 5 July 1899) was an English architect and Surveying, surveyor and Liberal Party (UK), Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons from 1885 to 1886. He was ext ...
, with whom he had a son, also named Leonard. Leonard senior's second wife, whom he married in 1877 after the death of Sarah, was Martha Carey, great granddaughter of James Hardy, relative of Admiral Sir Thomas Hardy, Captain of the Victory. Leonard and Martha had two sons, Gilbert (born 1891) and Paul Shuffrey (born 1889), and a daughter, Kathleen (b. 1899). All of Shuffrey's sons attended
St Paul's School, London St Paul's School is a Selective school, selective Private schools in the United Kingdom, independent day school (with limited boarding school, boarding) for boys aged 13–18, founded in 1509 by John Colet and located on a 43-acre site by Rive ...
.


Work

Leonard Shuffrey worked briefly for Carron's ironworks, before becoming articled to the architect
Banister Fletcher (senior) Banister Fletcher (11 August 1833 – 5 July 1899) was an English architect and Surveying, surveyor and Liberal Party (UK), Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons from 1885 to 1886. He was ext ...
in London. In 1871, after several years of architectural experience, he became an early member of the Architectural Association, where he was an associate of
Aston Webb Sir Aston Webb, (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in par ...
. This was the start of a long collaboration with
Aston Webb Sir Aston Webb, (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in par ...
, with Shuffrey providing numerous interior fittings for Webb's buildings, including at Christ's Hospital, Horsham (1902), his Birmingham University Buildings, (1909). and for Webb's
Malvern College Malvern College is a Private schools in the United Kingdom, fee-charging coeducational boarding school, boarding and day school in Malvern, Worcestershire, Malvern, Worcestershire, England. It is a public school (United Kingdom), public school ...
War Memorial Library (1925). Shuffrey was, above all things, a superlative craftsman. Early in his career he developed an intense interest in decorative design, and appears to have focused on, and made a name for himself in, this area of work. In 1880, with the help of a sleeping partner,
George Campbell Sherrin George Campbell Sherrin Royal Institute of British Architects, FRIBA (1843 – 8 December 1909) (also known as George Sherrin and George C. Sherrin) was a British architect. As a consultant architect for the Metropolitan Railway, Sherrin designed ...
, Shuffrey founded his practice, Shuffrey & Co., with the aim of supplying fireplaces, wallpaper, tiles, and later, decorative plasterwork. The firm, had premises at 38–39 New Cavendish Street in London. Shuffrey & Co's work can be found across London and the South of England – particularly in London, and his home county of
Oxfordshire Oxfordshire ( ; abbreviated ''Oxon'') is a ceremonial county in South East England. The county is bordered by Northamptonshire and Warwickshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the east, Berkshire to the south, and Wiltshire and Glouceste ...
. The firm had a woodworking factory, managed by Shuffrey's son Leonard, for making the overmantles and fireplaces, near to the Shuffrey's family's home in Wood Green,
Witney Witney is a market town on the River Windrush in West Oxfordshire in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is west of Oxford. History The Toponymy, place-name "Witney" is derived from the Old English for "Witta's island". The earliest kno ...
. In 1880, Shuffrey won a competition run by The British Architect magazine to design a terracotta fireplace. The award was presented by the architect
Alfred Waterhouse Alfred Waterhouse (19 July 1830 – 22 August 1905) was an English architect, particularly associated with Gothic Revival architecture, although he designed using other architectural styles as well. He is perhaps best known for his designs ...
, who noted that Shuffrey was already well established in this field. Shuffrey was later to provide fireplaces for Waterhouse's Pearl Life Assurance Building in Liverpool (1896–1898). Shuffrey & Co. sought business through advertising in journals and magazines, and by exhibiting at trade events. In 1882, the firm had a stand at the Fine Art & Industrial Exhibition at St James' Hall in Manchester, where their display included mantels, fireplaces, paperhangings and door furniture. Shuffrey's achievements were unique, but parallel the decorative craftsmanship of
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
, whom he knew. Like Morris, he was a skilled craftsman and took up decoration after first gaining architectural experience. Shuffrey could always demonstrate to the wood carver or modeller in clay, with his own hand the effect he wanted, and everything that came from his studio reflected his own skill as a craftsman and designer. However, he was 20 years younger than Morris, and his work drove a change from the often-dense detail of Morris, to cleaner lines and decorative restraint. He became a Member of the Incorporated Institute of British Decorators in 1889, the year of its creation. Shuffrey was later a Council Member, Treasurer, Vice President and President of the organisation. Shuffrey spent his leisure time drawing architectural details and creating watercolour sketches. His notebooks were reported to be a substantial and fascinating repository of interesting historical details. The architect's main interest and talent was for decorative design, but he was also a highly accomplished designer of buildings (although only a few examples are known). In 1888, having acquired land in North Ealing, Shuffrey built Thorncote, his 'Bedford Park' style home on Edgehill Road. The house features pedimented gables, multi-paned sashes and other Dutch and Queen Anne features, including a hipped, tiled roof and big-hooded porch. The building is now Grade 2 listed. He also built 'Ingleside', the adjacent house, with its 'crowstepped' gable, and 'The Old Coach House' opposite. Shuffrey decorated his house with
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
wallpaper, and tiles by
William De Morgan William Frend De Morgan (16 November 1839 – 15 January 1917) was an English potter, tile designer and novelist. A lifelong friend of William Morris, he designed tiles, stained glass and furniture for Morris & Co. from 1863 to 1872. His tile ...
. Shuffrey also delighted in drawing and creating the type of cotswold stone cottages he had known since his childhood, and a number of houses in Wood Green,
Witney Witney is a market town on the River Windrush in West Oxfordshire in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is west of Oxford. History The Toponymy, place-name "Witney" is derived from the Old English for "Witta's island". The earliest kno ...
, were built and adapted by Leonard for the Shuffrey family. In addition, in 1909, Shuffrey and his siblings donated a pulpit and chancel screen dedicated to their parents in
Holy Trinity Church, Wood Green Holy Trinity Church, Wood Green, is a Grade II listed Victorian church in Witney, Oxfordshire. The Church was built in 1848–9, on land given by the bishop of Winchester and the duke of Marlborough; the cost was met largely from subscriptions, an ...
. The work was designed by Shuffrey and executed in his Wood Green workshop nearby.


Wallpaper

Shuffrey's wallpaper was thought to be second only to
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
in its invention and its creator's craftsmanship. His firm had works in
Herne Hill Herne Hill () is a district in South London, approximately four miles from Charing Cross and bordered by Brixton, Camberwell, Dulwich, and Tulse Hill. It sits to the north and east of Brockwell Park and straddles the boundary between the London ...
, South London, where the paper was printed using wooden blocks. Shuffrey & Co produced a number of sample book of their wallpaper designs. The second book was launched in 1886, with The Builder Magazine, praising the "simplicity and lack of ostentation" of the designs, adding, "architects will be glad to have this book". A further book was produced in 1891. The paper, which was skilled yet simple in design, was printed in shades of chocolate, greens, and buffs. It was praised for its creativity and affordability by ordinary home owners: "Shuffrey appear to have met a want in producing inexpensive wall-papers of good design suitable for houses of the middle-classes, and the prices they quote are sufficiently low to enable a tenant to paper his room throughout with patterns that will form a quiet background, and be free from artistic objections." The ''Builder Magazine'' wrote: "The 'Daisy' pattern, in red, blue, and green, is pleasingly arranged, well covering the ground with leaves and flowers, and the price is 3s. per piece. We may also note the patterns 'Ox-Eye,' 'Indian' (No. 6), the 'Cone,' 'Honeysuckle' (No. 17), 'Diaper' 'Moresque' (No. 18), as suitable for rooms of ordinary houses." Shuffrey even provided notes on the use of the paper: "A pleasing way of treating the side of a room is to paper with these (dado papers, Nos. 1, 2, and 3 in the book) to a height of about three- fourths that of the room, finishing with a picture rail rebated, as shown on sketch, to receive brass picture hooks, and covering the space above with an embossed enrichment or a lighter paper. By this treatment pictures have the advantage of a dark rich background, and an effect of air and space is obtained by the lighter decoration above."


Fireplaces

Designing fireplaces enabled Shuffrey to employ a variety of materials, and every fireplace was treated as an individual piece of decorative work. They were used extensively by leading architects, who appreciated the quality of Shuffrey's drawings, and were willing to rely on his judgement. Fireplaces provided a central occupation of Shuffrey's lifetime, and his showrooms were filled with interesting examples in wood and metal, "amongst which he moved like a curator in museum, loving to explain memorable facts about them". Many well-known buildings were furnished with Shuffrey fireplaces, including the
Victoria & Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (abbreviated V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.8 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and named after Queen ...
the
Bank of England The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694 to act as the Kingdom of England, English Government's banker and debt manager, and still one ...
, Admiralty Buildings,
York Cottage York Cottage is a house in the grounds of Sandringham House in Norfolk, England. History The cottage was originally called the Bachelor's Cottage, and built as an overflow residence for Sandringham House. In 1893, it was given by the future ...
on the Sandringham Estate, the
Royal Air Force Club The Royal Air Force Club, or RAF Club in short-form, is a club located at 128 Piccadilly, London.Membership is open to those who hold, or have held, commissions in the RAF, PMRAFNS, Reserve Forces and Commonwealth and friendly foreign air f ...
and
Imperial College Imperial College London, also known as Imperial, is a public research university in London, England. Its history began with Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria, who envisioned a cultural district in South Kensington that included museums ...
, London. Shuffrey wrote his book, ''The English Fireplace'', published by Batsford in 1912, which became required reading for architects and designers.Bartlett School of Architecture (2020) ''A Survey of London'', University College London, p. 24.


Ceilings

Shuffrey & Co also designed and made decorated ceilings, chiefly in 'fibrous' plasterwork but also in wood. In 1893, Shuffrey was asked to design ceilings at
Wightwick Manor Wightwick Manor ( ) is a Victorian era, Victorian house in Wightwick Bank, a suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands (county), West Midlands, England. It was commissioned in 1887 from the architect Edward Ould by Theodore Mander family, Mander ...
near Wolverhampton, which was being built by Edward Ould for Theodore Mander, of the
Mander family The Mander family has held for over 200 years a prominent position in the Midland counties of England, both in the family business and public life. In the early Industrial Revolution, the Mander family entered the vanguard of the expansion of ...
.Ponder, S (2006). ''Wightwick Manor and Gardens''. National Trust Guidebooks. The billiard and dining room ceilings which he created are in the Jacobean style with pendants, and with ornate friezes below. Other artists and designers commissioned to decorate and furnish the old english style manor were
Charles Eamer Kempe Charles Eamer Kempe (29 June 1837 – 29 April 1907) was a British Victorian era designer and manufacturer of stained glass. His studios produced over 4,000 windows and also designs for altars and altar frontals, furniture and furnishings, lychg ...
, who designed stained glass windows, and
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
. In 1908, Shuffrey was again called into service by Edward Ould and the Maunder Family.
Charles Tertius Mander Sir Charles Tertius Mander, 1st Baronet JP, DL, TD (16 July 1852 – 8 April 1929) was a Midland manufacturer (and as such Royal Warrant holder), philanthropist and public servant, of Wolverhampton, England. Biography Mander was the eldest s ...
, a cousin of Theodore Mander at
Wightwick Manor Wightwick Manor ( ) is a Victorian era, Victorian house in Wightwick Bank, a suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands (county), West Midlands, England. It was commissioned in 1887 from the architect Edward Ould by Theodore Mander family, Mander ...
, was undertaking an ongoing Arts & Crafts remodelling of his house, The Mount, near to Wolverhampton. The work entailed the addition of a 55-foot 'Jacobean' library; a two-story Edwardian living hall with a sprung floor for ballroom dancing, a cabin and music gallery with a secret staircase 'carried up in the fireplace recess'. Shuffrey's ceiling is lavish, with pendant bosses and armatures on wood bracketing. Other artists and designers who contributed to the decoration of The Mount included Herbert Bryans and Christoper Webb, who designed the stained glass. Shuffrey also designed the Arts & Crafts restoration ceiling at
Owlpen Manor Owlpen Manor is a Tudor Grade I listed manor house of the Mander family, situated in the village of Owlpen in the Stroud district in Gloucestershire, England. There is an associated estate set in a valley within the Cotswold Area of Outst ...
in Gloucestershire, again for the
Mander Family The Mander family has held for over 200 years a prominent position in the Midland counties of England, both in the family business and public life. In the early Industrial Revolution, the Mander family entered the vanguard of the expansion of ...
. Here his work complements heraldic stained glass by Herbert Bryans and
Christopher Webb Christopher Rahere Webb (1886–1966) was an English stained glass designer. His unusual second name was derived from that of the founder of St Bartholomew's Priory in London where his father, Edward Alfred Webb and his uncle, Sir Aston We ...
, and the Library by his old collaborator Edward Ould. In 1926, the final year of Shuffrey's life, he designed a plaster barrel roof for the 'new' War Memorial Library at
Trinity College, Oxford Trinity College (full name: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity in the University of Oxford, of the foundation of Sir Thomas Pope (Knight)) is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in E ...
.


Tiles

Little is known about Shuffrey's tiles. Shuffrey & Co. designed lustre tiles in the style of
William de Morgan William Frend De Morgan (16 November 1839 – 15 January 1917) was an English potter, tile designer and novelist. A lifelong friend of William Morris, he designed tiles, stained glass and furniture for Morris & Co. from 1863 to 1872. His tile ...
and
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
. Just two transfer printed tile designs were registered by Shuffrey, as well as a number of moulded designs. Shuffrey's tiles were probably created on blanks by Maw & Co. Shuffrey & Co tiles and glazed fireplaces were used in the refurbishing of two starcases at Brasenose College in 1885, along with tiles by
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
and
William De Morgan William Frend De Morgan (16 November 1839 – 15 January 1917) was an English potter, tile designer and novelist. A lifelong friend of William Morris, he designed tiles, stained glass and furniture for Morris & Co. from 1863 to 1872. His tile ...
.


Final years

Shuffrey's second son, Lt Gilbert Shuffrey, was killed during the Great War, casting a shadow over the architect's final years. Gilbert died fighting with the South Lancashire Regiment at the Battle of Gallipoli in August 1915, and is commemorated on
Helles Memorial The Helles Memorial is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission war memorial near Sedd el Bahr, in Turkey, on the headland at the tip of the Gallipoli peninsula overlooking the Dardanelles. It includes an obelisk which is over high. The memorial i ...
. He is also memorialised on Ealing War Memorial, which was designed by his father; Gilbert's is the only name to appear in full. Gilbert Shuffrey is also commemorated at
St Peter's Church, Ealing St Peter's Church, Ealing, is an Anglican parish church in Mount Park Road, North Ealing, in the Diocese of London, regarded by Sir John Betjeman as an example of a Victorian-built church "of which we can be proud". Held to be one of the premie ...
where in 1921 his father was closely involved in the design of a remarkable carved oak reredos, dominating the Church's Lady Chapel – part of the Chapel's redecoration and furnishing as a War Memorial. The east wall around the reredos was further beautified in 1928 with highly accomplished painted angels by another Ealing-based artist,
Henry Charles Brewer Henry Charles Brewer (1866–1950) was a British painter well known in the first half of the 20th century for his watercolour landscapes and architectural paintings. Family and early life Born on 25 May 1866 in Wurzburg, Bavaria, Henry Charles ...
. Gilbert's name also appears on a Roll of Honour in the Chapel, and an illuminated Memorial Book. Shuffrey, who had attended and been a member of the Church Council of St Peter's with his family since the Church's completion in 1893, contributed other items to the Church, including the alabaster high altar, a font, and the Lady Chapel altar.Hayes, R. 'New & Old: A History of St Peter's Church Mount Park, Ealing', 1985 In 1896 a visit was paid to the newly-completed St Peter's by the members of the Architectural Association, who afterwards received tea at Thorncote, Shuffrey's new House a short distance away. Shuffrey also designed War Memorials for
Bloxham School Bloxham School, also called All Saints' School, is a Private schools in the United Kingdom, private co-educational day and boarding school of the Public school (United Kingdom), British public school tradition, located in the village of Bloxham ...
, his Alma Mater, and Henry Box School (Witney Grammar School). In 1924, Shuffrey's son Paul Shuffrey, who had become a notable colonial administrator in Sierra Leone, returned to England to help his father to run Shuffrey & Co. In July the following year, Shuffrey was awarded the Gold Medal of the Incorporated Institute of British Decorators. The medal was presented by Sir Banister Fletcher, the son of Shuffrey's first employer
Banister Fletcher (senior) Banister Fletcher (11 August 1833 – 5 July 1899) was an English architect and Surveying, surveyor and Liberal Party (UK), Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons from 1885 to 1886. He was ext ...
, and an old friend. The ceremony was held at Painters' Hall, where Shuffrey had earlier designed a decorated plaster ceiling. The medal had had only three previous recipients – the distinguished architects and designers
William Blake Richmond Sir William Blake Richmond (29 November 184211 February 1921) was a British painter, sculptor and a designer of stained glass and mosaic. He is best known for his portrait work and decorative mosaics in St Paul's Cathedral in London. Richmon ...
,
John Dibblee Crace John Dibblee Crace (1838 – 18 November 1919) was a distinguished British interior designer who provided decorative schemes for the British Museum, the National Gallery (London), National Gallery, the Royal Academy, Tyntesfield and Longleat among ...
and Metford Warner. Shuffrey died on Monday 27 December 1926 at Thorncote, the house he had built in Ealing almost 40 years earlier. His funeral was held at
St Peter's Church, Ealing St Peter's Church, Ealing, is an Anglican parish church in Mount Park Road, North Ealing, in the Diocese of London, regarded by Sir John Betjeman as an example of a Victorian-built church "of which we can be proud". Held to be one of the premie ...
on Friday 31 December, and he was buried in
Witney Witney is a market town on the River Windrush in West Oxfordshire in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is west of Oxford. History The Toponymy, place-name "Witney" is derived from the Old English for "Witta's island". The earliest kno ...
. Shuffrey's decorated plaster barrel roof in the 'new' War Memorial Library at
Trinity College, Oxford Trinity College (full name: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity in the University of Oxford, of the foundation of Sir Thomas Pope (Knight)) is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in E ...
was still under construction when he died. In early 1927, shortly after Shuffrey's death, an obituary in Architecture magazine commented that Shuffrey "exercised an influence second only to
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
. Nothing came from his studio that did not bear the impress of his own faculty for design, and looking back over the wide range of wall papers, fireplace, paster work, hand painted tiles, woodwork, ecclesiastical decoration, and stained glass, it is hard to believe that the life of one man could comprise so much invention." Shuffrey & Co closed after its Principal's death in 1926. This was partly because Paul Shuffrey was not a trained architect and lacked his father's skill as a craftsman, compounded by a substantial reduction in demand following the War. Paul Shuffrey continued to live in a flat at the firm's former premises on New Cavendish Street, from where he edited the Church Quarterly Review. The Shuffrey family remained at Thorncote until the 1950s. Paul Shuffrey died in 1955. His will made provision to endow a fellowship at
Lincoln College, Oxford Lincoln College (formally, The College of the Blessed Mary and All Saints, Lincoln) is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford, in the United Kingdom. Lincoln was founded in 1427 by Richard Flemin ...
in his father's memory, since when there have been numerous notable Shuffrey Fellows. The Fellowship continues to this day.


Legacy

Although heavily indebted to
William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...
and others, Shuffrey was part of a different generation of artists, moving away from what they saw as excessive detail. Shuffrey therefore undoubtedly influenced the younger Art nouveaux and Art Deco artists and designers who succeeded him. Shuffey and his contemporaries also created a revolution in the availability of their work to the middle-classes - driving the democratisation of high-quality decorative design.


Known works


Decorated ceilings

*
Wightwick Manor Wightwick Manor ( ) is a Victorian era, Victorian house in Wightwick Bank, a suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands (county), West Midlands, England. It was commissioned in 1887 from the architect Edward Ould by Theodore Mander family, Mander ...
, near Wolverhampton. Elaborate Shuffrey & Co. pendant imitation Jacobean plaster ceiling and frieze in the dining room and billiard room. * The Mount, near Wolverhampton. Shuffrey designed the ceiling for the new Library (1908). *
Owlpen Manor Owlpen Manor is a Tudor Grade I listed manor house of the Mander family, situated in the village of Owlpen in the Stroud district in Gloucestershire, England. There is an associated estate set in a valley within the Cotswold Area of Outst ...
, Gloucestershire. Shuffrey & Co. Arts & Crafts ceilings. * Painter's Hall, London. Dining room hall ceiling. *
Trinity College, Oxford Trinity College (full name: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity in the University of Oxford, of the foundation of Sir Thomas Pope (Knight)) is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in E ...
. Decorated Shuffrey & Co. plaster barrel roof in the War Memorial Library. * Oxford Union. Shuffrey & Co. decorated Library plaster ceiling. * Bryn Hafod house in Kettering, by
John Alfred Gotch John Alfred Gotch (28 September 1852, Kettering, Northamptonshire – 17 January 1942, Kettering, Northamptonshire) was a noted English architect and architectural historian. His brother was the Pre-Raphaelite painter and illustrator Thomas Coo ...
(1896). Shuffrey designed the ceilings.


Wallpaper

* Six examples of Shuffrey & Co wallpaper are held by the
Victoria & Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (abbreviated V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.8 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and named after Queen ...
. * The Leeds & Yorkshire Architectural Society, installed Shuffrey & Co Wallpaper when they moved into their new premises on Albion Street, Leeds, in 1883.


Ecclesiastical fittings

*
St Peter's Church, Ealing St Peter's Church, Ealing, is an Anglican parish church in Mount Park Road, North Ealing, in the Diocese of London, regarded by Sir John Betjeman as an example of a Victorian-built church "of which we can be proud". Held to be one of the premie ...
. Shuffrey Marble font, alabaster high altar, Lady Chapel altar and reredos. *
Holy Trinity Church, Wood Green Holy Trinity Church, Wood Green, is a Grade II listed Victorian church in Witney, Oxfordshire. The Church was built in 1848–9, on land given by the bishop of Winchester and the duke of Marlborough; the cost was met largely from subscriptions, an ...
, Witney (1909). Pulpit donated in memory of Leonard Shuffrey's parents and made in his Wood Green workshop to his design. * St Paul's Church, Great Portland Street, (1894). Shuffrey & Co built a hexagonal oak pulpit, to the designs of Paul Waterhouse of
Alfred Waterhouse Alfred Waterhouse (19 July 1830 – 22 August 1905) was an English architect, particularly associated with Gothic Revival architecture, although he designed using other architectural styles as well. He is perhaps best known for his designs ...
& Sons.


Fireplaces

* Admiralty buildings, London *
Bank of England The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694 to act as the Kingdom of England, English Government's banker and debt manager, and still one ...
, London *
University of Birmingham The University of Birmingham (informally Birmingham University) is a Public university, public research university in Birmingham, England. It received its royal charter in 1900 as a successor to Queen's College, Birmingham (founded in 1825 as ...
buildings designed by
Aston Webb Sir Aston Webb, (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in par ...
and Ingress Bell in 1909. Shuffrey & Co. stoves, grates and mantels. *
Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) is a global professional body for those working in the Built Environment, Construction, Land, Property and Real Estate. The RICS was founded in London in 1868. It works at a cross-governmental ...
building on Great George Street, designed by
Alfred Waterhouse Alfred Waterhouse (19 July 1830 – 22 August 1905) was an English architect, particularly associated with Gothic Revival architecture, although he designed using other architectural styles as well. He is perhaps best known for his designs ...
in 1899. Shuffrey & Co, provided grates and chimneypieces. * Coutts Bank building, The Strand, London, 1904, designed by John Macvicar Anderson. Shuffrey & Co provided fireplaces & grates. *
Christ's Hospital Christ's Hospital is a Public school (United Kingdom), public school (English Private schools in the United Kingdom, fee-charging boarding school for pupils aged 11–18) with a royal charter, located to the south of Horsham in West Sussex. T ...
, architect
Aston Webb Sir Aston Webb, (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in par ...
, 1902. Shuffrey & Co. grates and mantles. *
Imperial College Imperial College London, also known as Imperial, is a public research university in London, England. Its history began with Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria, who envisioned a cultural district in South Kensington that included museums ...
, London * New Holborn Baths, in London, built in 1902, with Shuffrey & Co. chimneypieces. *
Malvern College Malvern College is a Private schools in the United Kingdom, fee-charging coeducational boarding school, boarding and day school in Malvern, Worcestershire, Malvern, Worcestershire, England. It is a public school (United Kingdom), public school ...
War Memorial Library, architect
Sir Aston Webb Sir Aston Webb, (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in par ...
, 1925. Shuffrey & Co. supplied the fireplace in the upper hall. * Pearl Life Assurance Building (1896–98), Liverpool. * Phoenix Assurance Building, King William Street, London, 1916, designed by J. Macvicar Anderson and H. L. Anderson, Architects. Shuffrey & Co. provided the grates.* Rotherhithe Town Hall, London (destroyed 1944) *
Royal Air Force Club The Royal Air Force Club, or RAF Club in short-form, is a club located at 128 Piccadilly, London.Membership is open to those who hold, or have held, commissions in the RAF, PMRAFNS, Reserve Forces and Commonwealth and friendly foreign air f ...
, London * St. Felix School, Southwold, 1966, Arnold Mitchell Architect. Shuffrey & Co. grates and chimney pieces. *
Victoria & Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (abbreviated V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.8 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and named after Queen ...
new galleries fronting Cromwell road, architect
Aston Webb Sir Aston Webb, (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in par ...
1899-1909. Shuffrey & Co fireplaces. *
York Cottage York Cottage is a house in the grounds of Sandringham House in Norfolk, England. History The cottage was originally called the Bachelor's Cottage, and built as an overflow residence for Sandringham House. In 1893, it was given by the future ...
, Sandringham


War memorials

*
Bloxham School Bloxham School, also called All Saints' School, is a Private schools in the United Kingdom, private co-educational day and boarding school of the Public school (United Kingdom), British public school tradition, located in the village of Bloxham ...
,
Oxfordshire Oxfordshire ( ; abbreviated ''Oxon'') is a ceremonial county in South East England. The county is bordered by Northamptonshire and Warwickshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the east, Berkshire to the south, and Wiltshire and Glouceste ...
* Ealing Town War Memorial, London * Henry Box School (Witney Grammar School),
Oxfordshire Oxfordshire ( ; abbreviated ''Oxon'') is a ceremonial county in South East England. The county is bordered by Northamptonshire and Warwickshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the east, Berkshire to the south, and Wiltshire and Glouceste ...


Other work

* The Architectural Association's premises at 56 Great Marlborough Street 91901). Shuffrey & Co carried out alterations to create a new Common Room, under the supervision of the Association's of President,
George Fellowes Prynne George Halford Fellowes Prynne (1853–1927) was a Victorian and Edwardian English church architect. Part of the High Church school of Gothic Revival Architecture, Prynne's work can be found across Southern England. Biography Early life George H ...
. * The Jubilee Drinking Fountain in
Halstead Halstead is a town and civil parish in the Braintree District of Essex, England. Its population of 11,906 in 2011George Courtauld (politician) George Courtauld (11 August 1830 – 29 February 1920) was an English cloth manufacturer and Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1878 to 1885. Early life and education George Courtauld was born on 11 August 1830 to ...
, and commemorates Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shuffrey, Leonard 1852 births 1926 deaths Architects from Oxfordshire British architects People educated at Bloxham School People from Witney