Leo Navratil (3 July 1921 in

Türnitz Türnitz is a town in the district of Lilienfeld in the Austrian state of Lower Austria Lower Austria (german: Niederösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: ''Niedaöstareich'', ''Niedaestareich'') is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the no ...

Lower Austria Lower Austria (german: Niederösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: ''Niedaöstareich'', ''Niedaestareich'') is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Since 1986, the capital of Lower Austria has been Sankt ...

– 18 September 2006 in Vienna) was an

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psychiatrist A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in psychiatry, the branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, study, and treatment of mental disorders. Psychiatrists are physicians and evaluate patients to determine whether their ...

and author. He worked in the hospital in

Gugging The Maria Gugging Psychiatric Clinic was a psychiatric institution located in the suburb of Maria Gugging on the outskirts of Vienna, Austria. During the Nazi era hundreds of mental patients were murdered or abused at Gugging as part of the Nazi ...

. He called the works, paintings, and texts of his patients " Zustandsgebundene Kunst" (state-bound art). To Navratil, patients make only in the acute stage of their mental illness artistically relevant works. These works have been exhibited in

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and

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. Navratil supported the creativity of his patients and showed their works in the art context and published some of their texts. One of his best known artists is Oswald Tschirtner, also known as ''O.T.''

Books

* ''Die Federzeichnungen des Patienten O.T.'' (Munich, 1974) * ''Schizophrenie und Sprache'' (Munich 1976) * ''Alexanders poetische Texte'' (Munich 1977) * ''Art brut and Psychiatrie'', Gugging 1946-1986; Wien: Brandstätter 1999 1921 births 2006 deaths People from Lilienfeld District 20th-century Austrian writers Austrian psychiatrists Austrian people of Czech descent {{Austria-academic-bio-stub