Lee Bowers (strongman)
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Lee Edward Bowers Jr. (January 12, 1925 – August 9, 1966) was a witness to the
assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy John F. Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States, was assassinated while riding in a presidential motorcade through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963. Kennedy was in the vehicle with his wife Jacqueline, Texas gove ...
in
Dallas, Texas Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the List of Texas metropolitan areas, most populous metropolitan area in Texas and the Metropolitan statistical area, fourth-most ...
on November 22, 1963. The timing and circumstances of Bowers's death have led to various allegations that his demise was part of a cover-up subsequent to the Kennedy murder.


Early life and career

Bowers served in the
U.S. Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest displacement, at 4.5 million tons in 2021. It has the world's largest aircraft ...
from ages 17 to 21. He attended Hardin-Simmons University for two years then
Southern Methodist University Southern Methodist University (SMU) is a Private university, private research university in Dallas, Texas, United States, with a satellite campus in Taos County, New Mexico. SMU was founded on April 17, 1911, by the Methodist Episcopal Church, ...
for two years, majoring in religion. He worked at the
Union Terminal Company The State of Texas chartered the Union Terminal Company on March 16, 1912. The mission of the company was to build a central terminal in Dallas for the seven railroads then serving the city. The terminal company ownership expanded to eight railroa ...
railyard for 15 years, also working as a self-employed builder. In 1964, he began working as business manager for a hospital and
convalescent home A sanatorium (from Latin '' sānāre'' 'to heal'), also sanitarium or sanitorium, is a historic name for a specialised hospital for the treatment of specific diseases, related ailments, and convalescence. Sanatoriums are often in a health ...
.Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 6, p. 284
Testimony of Lee E. Bowers, Jr.
, April 2, 1964.


Assassination of Kennedy

At the moment of the assassination, Bowers was operating the Union Terminal Company's two-story
interlocking tower On a rail transport system, signalling control is the process by which control is exercised over train movements by way of railway signals and block systems to ensure that trains operate safely, over the correct route and to the proper timeta ...
, overlooking the parking lot around 120 yards north of the
grassy knoll Dealey Plaza is a city park in the West End Historic District of downtown Dallas, Texas. It is sometimes called the "birthplace of Dallas". It was also the location of the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963. The Dealey Plaza Historic ...
and west of the
Texas School Book Depository The Texas School Book Depository, later known as the Dallas County Administration Building and now "The Sixth Floor Museum", is a seven-floor building facing Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. The building was Lee Harvey Oswald's vantage point du ...
. He had an unobstructed view of the rear of the concrete pergola and the stockade fence at the top of the grassy knoll. He described hearing three shots that came from either the Depository on his left or near the mouth of the Triple Underpass railroad bridge on his right; he was unsure because of the
reverberation In acoustics, reverberation (commonly shortened to reverb) is a persistence of sound after it is produced. It is often created when a sound is reflection (physics), reflected on surfaces, causing multiple reflections that build up and then de ...
from the shots.


Witness to JFK assassination

On April 2, 1964, Lee Bowers provided testimony to Joseph A. Ball, assistant counsel of the
Warren Commission The President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, known unofficially as the Warren Commission, was established by President of the United States, President Lyndon B. Johnson through on November 29, 1963, to investigate the A ...
, at the US Post Office Building in Dallas. When asked by Ball, "Now, were there any people standing on the high side—high ground between your tower and where Elm Street goes down under the underpass toward the mouth of the underpass?" Bowers testified that at the time the motorcade went by on Elm Street, four men were in the area: one or two uniformed parking lot attendants, one of whom Bowers knew; and two men standing 10 to 15 feet (3 to 5 m) apart near the Triple Underpass, who did not appear to know each other. One was "middle-aged, or slightly older, fairly heavy-set, in a white shirt, fairly dark trousers" and the other was "younger man, about midtwenties, in either a plaid shirt or plaid coat or jacket." One or both were still there when the first police officer arrived "immediately" after the shooting. Many simply assumed that Bowers meant that these men were standing behind the stockade fence at the top of the grassy knoll. Bowers further stated: "At the time of the shooting there seemed to be some commotion (...)" on the high ground above Elm Street. When asked about this commotion, he added : "I just am unable to describe rather than it was something out of the ordinary, a sort of milling around, but something occurred in this particular spot which was out of the ordinary, which attracted my eye for some reason, which I could not identify." Two years later, when Bowers was interviewed by assassination researchers Mark Lane and
Emile de Antonio Emile Francisco de Antonio (May 14, 1919 – December 15, 1989) was an American director and producer of documentary films, usually detailing political, social, and counterculture of the 1960s, counterculture events circa 1960s–1980s. He has be ...
for their documentary film ''
Rush to Judgment ''Rush to Judgment: A Critique of the Warren Commission's Inquiry into the Murders of President John F. Kennedy, Officer J.D. Tippit and Lee Harvey Oswald'' is a 1966 book by American lawyer Mark Lane. It is about the assassination of United S ...
'', he clarifiedthough the researchers chose to withhold it from their finished productthat these two men were standing in the opening between the
pergola A pergola is most commonly used as an outdoor garden feature forming a shaded walkway, passageway, or sitting area of vertical posts or pillars that usually support crossbeams and a sturdy open lattice, often upon which woody vines are t ...
and the stockade fence, and that "no one" was behind the fence when the shots were fired; Bower's words to Lane and de Antonio, published in 2004 by
Dale K. Myers Dale K. Myers (born 1955) is an American animator, voice actor, author, director, screenwriter, producer and John F. Kennedy assassination researcher. He was honored in 2004 with an Emmy Award from the National Academy of Television Arts and Scie ...
from their source material, were:
These two men were standing back from the street somewhat at the top of the incline and were very near two trees which were in the area. And one of them, from time to time as he walked back and forth, disappeared behind a wooden fence which is also slightly to the west of that. These two men to the best of my knowledge were standing there at the time of the shooting.
Bowers added,
Now I could see back or the South side of the wooden fence in the area, so that obviously that there was no one there who could have - uh - had anything to do with either - as accomplice or anything else because there was no one there - um - at the moment that the shots were fired.
But in his testimony, Bowers explained that from his elevated position, he could see over the top of the fence and observed no one on the ''south'' side who could have been an accomplice to the men he saw on the railroad yard side of the fence. Asked if the two men were in the area at the time the motorcycle officer came up the incline, Bowers said,
I - as far as I know, one of them was. The other I could not say. The darker dressed man was too hard to distinguish from the trees. The one in the white shirt, yes; I think he was.
It is important to note that at the time the motorcycle officer ascended the knoll, witnesses Emmett Joseph Hudson and Francis Lee "F. Lee" Mudd were seated on the concrete steps of the grassy knoll and were out of Bowers' line of sight. Therefore, Bowers could not have been referring to these individuals. Bowers told Lane that as the motorcade passed "there was a flash of light or smoke" in the vicinity of where the two men were standing.


Death

Bowers died in August 1966, when his car left an empty road and struck a concrete bridge abutment near
Midlothian, Texas Midlothian is a city in northwest Ellis County, Texas, United States. The city is southwest of Dallas. It is the hub for the cement industry in North Texas, as it is the home to three separate cement production facilities, as well as a steel mil ...
."Executive Dies After Car Wreck", ''
The Dallas Morning News ''The Dallas Morning News'' is a daily newspaper serving the Dallas–Fort Worth area of Texas, with an average print circulation in 2022 of 65,369. It was founded on October 1, 1885, by Alfred Horatio Belo as a satellite publication of the ' ...
'', August 10, 1966, p. D4.


Portrayals

Bowers was played by
Pruitt Taylor Vince Pruitt Taylor Vince (born July 5, 1960) is an American actor. Often classified as a character actor, he made his film debut with a supporting role in '' Angel Heart'' (1987). After supporting roles in the films ''Mississippi Burning'' (1988), ' ...
in the 1991 film ''
JFK John Fitzgerald Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), also known as JFK, was the 35th president of the United States, serving from 1961 until Assassination of John F. Kennedy, his assassination in 1963. He was the first Catholic Chur ...
''.


References


Citations


Works cited

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External links


Biography of Lee Bowers
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bowers, Lee 1925 births 1966 deaths Witnesses to the assassination of John F. Kennedy Businesspeople from Dallas Military personnel from Texas Hardin–Simmons University alumni Southern Methodist University alumni Road incident deaths in Texas United States Navy personnel of World War II