Codex Sancti Simeonis contains a fragment of a Gospel lectionary, or Evangelistarion, designated by

siglum Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse. In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mecha ...

ℓ ''179'' in the Gregory-Aland numbering; it is written on parchment and dated to the 10th century. The codex is housed in

Trier Trier ( , ; ), formerly and traditionally known in English as Trèves ( , ) and Triers (see also Names of Trier in different languages, names in other languages), is a city on the banks of the Moselle (river), Moselle in Germany. It lies in a v ...

Description

The codex consists of two different manuscripts: the first eight folios are a fragment of a lectionary of the Gospels (= lectionary 179), the remaining 130 folios are a lectionary of the Old Testament (Prophetologion). The whole codex is written on parchment leaves measuring 25.8 cm by 19.7 cm, only eight of which contain New Testament lessons. The text of lectionary 179 is written in Greek

uncial Uncial is a majuscule script (written entirely in capital letters) commonly used from the 4th to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters were used to write Greek and Latin, as well as Gothic, and are the current style for ...

letters in two columns of 19 lines to a page. It uses rough and

smooth breathing The smooth breathing (; ''psilí''; ) is a diacritical mark used in polytonic orthography. In Ancient Greek, it marks the absence of the voiceless glottal fricative from the beginning of a word. Some authorities have interpreted it as repr ...

s, accents, and stichometrical points, not spaces, between the words. The Prophetologion contains decorated headpieces; both manuscripts have decorated initial letters and musical notes in red.

Itacism Iotacism (, ''iotakismos'') or itacism is the process of vowel shift by which a number of vowels and diphthongs converged towards the pronunciation in post-classical Greek and Modern Greek. The term "iotacism" refers to the letter iota, the orig ...

occurs frequently, for example: αι and η for ε, ει for ι, ω for ο, υ for οι. The

nomina sacra In Christian scribal practice, (singular: , Latin for 'sacred name') is the abbreviation of several frequently occurring divine names or titles, especially in Greek manuscripts of the Bible. A consists of two or more letters from the original w ...

and other words are written in abbreviated form. The following words are abbreviated: και (and), πατηρ (father), μητηρ (mother), υιος (son), θυγατηρ (daughter), ανθρωπος (man), Θεος (God), Κυριος (Lord), σωτηρ (saviour), πνευμα (spirit), ουρανος (''heaven''), Αβρααμ (Abraham), Δαυιδ (David), Χριστος (Christ), Ιερουσαλημ (Jerusalem). These abbreviations in mainly the same as in the

Codex Alexandrinus The Codex Alexandrinus (London, British Library, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII) is a manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early ...

. The Prophetologion has some unusual readings that occur rarely or not at all in other manuscripts. In

Genesis Genesis may refer to: Religion * Book of Genesis, the first book of the biblical scriptures of both Judaism and Christianity, describing the creation of the Earth and of humankind * Genesis creation narrative, the first several chapters of the Bo ...

12:4, for example, it has: (''God'') instead of Κυριος (''the Lord''). It has many grammatical corrections and marginal notes, giving readings close to the

Codex Vaticanus The Codex Vaticanus ( The Vatican, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1209), is a manuscript of the Greek Bible, containing the majority of the Old Testament and the majority of the New Testament. It is designated by siglum B or 03 in the Gregory-Aland numb ...

and

. The text has been collated in the edition of the Prophetologion by Monumenta Musicae Byzantinae.

History

Scrivener and Gregory dated the manuscript to the 10th or 11th century. The

Institute for New Testament Textual Research The Institute for New Testament Textual Research ( — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is to research the textual history of the New Testament and to reconstruct its Greek initial text on the basis of the entire manusc ...

now assigns the Evangelistarion fragment to the 10th century on paleographical grounds. Scrivener thinks that it was brought out of Syria in the 11th century. A note at the end of the Prophetologion reads "Λαβρετιος, ἱερομοναχος σιναιτης, ὁ παλαιολογος, ἐν μηνι δεκεμβριου, κα ᾳφπε", which may be translated as: "Laurentius, monk from Sinai, of the Palaeologus family, in the month of December, the 21st day, in the year 1585". This means that at the end of the 16th century the manuscript was probably located in the West, since it does not make sense to stress that you are from Sinai if you are still at Sinai. The codex was added to the list of Greek New Testament manuscripts by

Scholz Olaf Scholz (; born 14 June 1958) is a German politician who served as the Chancellor of Germany from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party (SPD), he previously served as Vice-Chancellor of Ge ...

. Formerly it was labelled as Lectionary 179^e (for Evangelistarion) and 55^a (for "Apostolarion", probably the Prophetologion) by F. H. A. Scrivener and

C. R. Gregory C. or c. may refer to: * Century, sometimes abbreviated as ''c.'' or ''C.'', a period of 100 years * Letter C, the third letter in the alphabet. * Cent (currency), abbreviated ''c.'' or ''¢'', a monetary unit that equals of the basic unit of man ...

. Gregory assigned the single number 179 to it in 1908. Both Gregory and Aland restrict the number 179 to the Evangelistarion fragment ff. 2-9 (today: ff 1* - 8*) of the codex, whereas the Prophetologion does not have a number. R. M. Steininger produced an edition of the text of both Evangelistarion fragment and Prophetologion with two plates in 1834.

Caspar René Gregory Caspar René Gregory (November 6, 1846 – April 9, 1917) was an American-German theologian. Life Gregory was born to Mary Jones and Henry Duval Gregory in Philadelphia. He was the brother of the American zoologist Emily Ray Gregory. After comp ...

saw the manuscript in 1884. It was examined in 1895 by Georg Flügel, who published a description with four plates. S.G.Engberg described both the Evangelistarion fragment and the Prophetologion. The manuscript is not cited in the UBS3 or UBS4''The Greek New Testament'', ed. B. Aland, K. Aland, J. Karavidopoulos, C. M. Martini, and B. M. Metzger, in cooperation with INTF, ''United Bible Societies'', 4th revised edition, (United Bible Societies, Stuttgart 2001), p. 21. critical editions of the

Greek New Testament Greek New Testament refers to the New Testament in Koine Greek. It may also refer to the following texts: * ''Novum Instrumentum omne'' * ''Textus Receptus The (Latin for 'received text') is the succession of printed Greek New Testament texts ...

. It is held in the Domschatz museum in

Notes and references

Bibliography

* * Georg Flügel
''Lic. Dr. Karl Hamanns Bemerkungen zum Codex S. Simeonis''
Verlag der Fr. Lintz'schen Buchhandlung (1895). * Prophetologium. Pars prima lectiones anni mobilis continens, ed. Carsten Höeg, Günther Zuntz, Gudrun Engberg, Hauniae, 1939-1970. Pars altera lectiones anni immobilis continens, ed. Gudrun Engberg, Hauniae, 1980-1981 (Monumenta Musicae Byzantinae, Lectionaria I). * Sysse Gudrun Engberg, "Trier and Sinai: Saint Symeon’s Book," Scriptorium LIX.2, 2005, 132-146 & pl. 19-24. {{DEFAULTSORT:Lectionary 0179 Greek New Testament lectionaries 10th-century biblical manuscripts Septuagint manuscripts

Description

History

See also

Notes and references

Bibliography