The Laxgibuu or Laxgyibuu (variously spelled) is the name for the Wolf "clan" (phratry) in the

language Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary. It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and signed language, signed forms, and may also be conveyed through writing syste ...

of the

Tsimshian The Tsimshian (; ) are an Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. Their communities are mostly in coastal British Columbia in Terrace, British Columbia, Terrace and ...

nation of

British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Situated in the Pacific Northwest between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, the province has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that ...

, Canada, and southeast

Alaska Alaska ( ) is a non-contiguous U.S. state on the northwest extremity of North America. Part of the Western United States region, it is one of the two non-contiguous U.S. states, alongside Hawaii. Alaska is also considered to be the north ...

. It is considered analogous or identical to identically named clans among the neighboring Gitksan and

Nisga'a The Nisga’a (; ), formerly spelled Nishga or Niska, are an Indigenous people in British Columbia, Canada. They reside in the Nass River valley of northwestern British Columbia. The origin of the term ''Niska'' is uncertain. The spelling ' ...

nations. The name ''Laxgibuu'' derives from ''gibuu,'' which means wolf in the Gitxsan and Nisga'a languages. In Tsimshian the word is ''gibaaw (gyibaaw or gyibaw)'', but Tsimshians still use the word Laxgibuu for Wolf clan. The chief crest of the Laxgibuu is the Wolf. Other crests used by some matrilineal house-groups of the Laxgibuu include black bear. Some Laxgibuu house-groups are related to Wolf clan groups among the

Tahltan The Tahltan or Nahani are a First Nations people of the Athabaskan-speaking ethnolinguistic group who live in northern British Columbia around Telegraph Creek, Dease Lake, and Iskut. The Tahltan constitute the fourth division of the ''Nahan ...

and

Tlingit The Tlingit or Lingít ( ) are Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. , they constitute two of the 231 federally recognized List of Alaska Native tribal entities, Tribes of Alaska. Most Tlingit are Alaska Natives; ...

First Nations to the north. In the case of the Tlingit, the connection is through Tlingit Wolves who migrated south from what is now Alaska to escape inter-clan warfare and settled among the Tsimshian, Gitxsan, and Nisga'a. Descendants of some of these migrants share with their distant Tlingit relatives variants on the " Bear Mother" story which has been well recorded by anthropologists and folklorists. The Kitsumkalum Laxgibuu are one example of a Tsimshian Wolf group who own the right to tell this story.

Nisga'a - Laxgibuu

Some Nisga'a Laxgibuu Wilp (House groups) include: *Gitwilnaak'il Clan: ***House of Duuḵ - William Moore ***House of K'eex̱kw - Herbert Morven ***House of Gwingyoo - Ben Gonu Sr. & Reginald Percival (prev. Leonard Robinson) *Gisḵ'ansnaat Clan: ***House of Sg̱at'iin - Isaac Guno ***House of Ni'isyoḵ - Martin Adams ***House of Gwisḵ'aayn - Gerald Robinson *Gitlax̱t'iyooḵ Clan: ***House of Bax̱k'ap - Jacob Nyce ***House of Ax̱dii M̓in'aajax̱ - Gary Alexcee ***House of W̓ii Gadim X̱sgaak - Clyde Azak *Gitgigeenix Clan: ***House of N̓agwa'un - (previously Rod Maxwell) ***House of Ni'islisy̓aan - Edward Moore ***House of Kw'ax̱suu - Floyde Stevens ***House of Gints'aadax̱ - Henry Stephens *Gitwilluuyaxw Clan: ***House of Ksdiyaawaḵ - George Williams Sr. *House of W̓ii Litskw: Calvin Morven *House of Ax̱gwindaskw - Clifford Azak Sr. *House of Aama Gat - (previously Gary Stevens) *House of W̓ii Gwisyaxw - Arnie Stewart, Sr. *House of X̱sduutgum Lax̱ha - Joe Calder

Bibliography

*Barbeau, Marius (1929) ''Totem Poles of the Gitksan, Upper Skeena River, British Columbia.'' (Anthropological Series 12, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 61.) Ottawa: Canada, Department of Mines. *Barbeau, Marius (1950) ''Totem Poles.'' (2 vols.) (Anthropology Series 30, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 119.) Ottawa: National Museum of Canada. Reprinted, Canadian Museum of Civilization, Hull, Quebec, 1990. *Marsden, Susan (2001) "Defending the Mouth of the Skeena: Perspectives on Tsimshian Tlingit Relations." In: ''Perspectives in Northern Northwest Coast Prehistory,'' ed. by Jerome S. Cybulski, pp. 61–106. (Mercury Series, Archaeological Survey of Canada, Paper 160.) Hull, Quebec: Canadian Museum of Civilization *McDonald, James A. (2003) ''People of the Robin: The Tsimshian of Kitsumkalum.'' CCI Press *Council of Elders, Ayuuḵhl Nisg̱a'a Department & Nisg̱a'a Lisims Government (2008) ''Anhluut'ukwsim Saẁinskhl Nisg̱a'a: Nisg̱a'a Feast Procedures & Protocols'' Gitlax̱t'aamiks, British Columbia Tsimshian Gitxsan Nisga'a Indigenous clans of the Pacific Northwest Coast