Larry Washington
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Lawrence Clinton Washington (born 1951, in
Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...
) is an American mathematician at the
University of Maryland The University of Maryland, College Park (University of Maryland, UMD, or simply Maryland) is a public land-grant research university in College Park, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1856, UMD is the flagship institution of the Univ ...
who specializes in
number theory Number theory is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers and arithmetic functions. Number theorists study prime numbers as well as the properties of mathematical objects constructed from integers (for example ...
.


Biography

Washington studied at
Johns Hopkins University The Johns Hopkins University (often abbreviated as Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1876 based on the European research institution model, J ...
, where in 1971 he received his B.A. and master's degree. In 1974 he earned his PhD at
Princeton University Princeton University is a private university, private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the List of Colonial ...
under
Kenkichi Iwasawa Kenkichi Iwasawa ( ''Iwasawa Kenkichi'', September 11, 1917 – October 26, 1998) was a Japanese mathematician who is known for his influence on algebraic number theory. Biography Iwasawa was born in Shinshuku-mura, a town near Kiryū, in Gunm ...
with thesis ''Class numbers and Z_p extensions''. He then became an assistant professor at
Stanford University Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University, is a Private university, private research university in Stanford, California, United States. It was founded in 1885 by railroad magnate Leland Stanford (the eighth ...
and from 1977 at the
University of Maryland The University of Maryland, College Park (University of Maryland, UMD, or simply Maryland) is a public land-grant research university in College Park, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1856, UMD is the flagship institution of the Univ ...
, where he became in 1981 an associate professor and in 1986 a professor. He held visiting positions at several institutions, including IHES (1980/81),
Max-Planck-Institut für Mathematik The Max Planck Institute for Mathematics (, MPIM) is a research institute located in Bonn, Germany. It is named in honor of the German physicist Max Planck and forms part of the Max Planck Society (''Max-Planck-Gesellschaft''), an association of ...
(1984), the
Institute for Advanced Study The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry located in Princeton, New Jersey. It has served as the academic home of internationally preeminent scholars, including Albert Ein ...
(1996), and MSRI (1986/87), as well as at the
University of Perugia The University of Perugia ( Italian ''Università degli Studi di Perugia'') is a public university in Perugia, Italy. It was founded in 1308, as attested by the Bull issued by Pope Clement V certifying the birth of the Studium Generale. The offi ...
,
Nankai University Nankai University is a public university in Tianjin, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction. Nankai University was establ ...
and the
State University of Campinas The University of Campinas (), commonly called Unicamp, is a public research university in the state of São Paulo (state), São Paulo, Brazil. Established in 1962, Unicamp was designed from scratch as an integrated Research institute, researc ...
. In 1979–1981 he was a
Sloan Fellow The Sloan Fellows program is a middle and senior-career master's degree program in general management and leadership offered at MIT, Stanford University, and London Business School (LBS). Initially supported by a grant from Alfred P. Sloan, fo ...
.


Recognition

He was named to the 2023 class of Fellows of the
American Mathematical Society The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, ...
, "for contributions to number theory, especially cyclotomic fields, and for mentoring at all levels".


Research

Washington wrote a standard work on
cyclotomic field In algebraic number theory, a cyclotomic field is a number field obtained by adjoining a complex root of unity to \Q, the field of rational numbers. Cyclotomic fields played a crucial role in the development of modern algebra and number theory ...
s. He also worked on
p-adic In number theory, given a prime number , the -adic numbers form an extension of the rational numbers which is distinct from the real numbers, though with some similar properties; -adic numbers can be written in a form similar to (possibly infin ...
L-function In mathematics, an ''L''-function is a meromorphic function on the complex plane, associated to one out of several categories of mathematical objects. An ''L''-series is a Dirichlet series, usually convergent on a half-plane, that may gi ...
s. He wrote a treatise with Allan Adler on their discovery of a connection between higher-dimensional analogues of
magic square In mathematics, especially History of mathematics, historical and recreational mathematics, a square array of numbers, usually positive integers, is called a magic square if the sums of the numbers in each row, each column, and both main diago ...
s and p-adic L-functions. Washington has done important work on
Iwasawa theory In number theory, Iwasawa theory is the study of objects of arithmetic interest over infinite Tower of fields, towers of number fields. It began as a Galois module theory of ideal class groups, initiated by (), as part of the theory of cyclotomic ...
,
Cohen Cohen () is a surname of Jewish, Samaritan and Biblical origins (see: Kohen). It is a very common Jewish surname (the most common in Israel). Cohen is one of the four Samaritan last names that exist in the modern day. Many Jewish immigrants ente ...
- Lenstra heuristics, and
elliptic curve In mathematics, an elliptic curve is a smooth, projective, algebraic curve of genus one, on which there is a specified point . An elliptic curve is defined over a field and describes points in , the Cartesian product of with itself. If the ...
s and their applications to
cryptography Cryptography, or cryptology (from "hidden, secret"; and ''graphein'', "to write", or ''-logy, -logia'', "study", respectively), is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of Adversary (cryptography), ...
. In Iwasawa theory he proved with Bruce Ferrero in 1979 a conjecture of
Kenkichi Iwasawa Kenkichi Iwasawa ( ''Iwasawa Kenkichi'', September 11, 1917 – October 26, 1998) was a Japanese mathematician who is known for his influence on algebraic number theory. Biography Iwasawa was born in Shinshuku-mura, a town near Kiryū, in Gunm ...
, that the \mu-invariant vanishes for cyclotomic Z''p''-extensions of
abelian number field In mathematics, class field theory (CFT) is the fundamental branch of algebraic number theory whose goal is to describe all the abelian Galois extensions of local and global fields using objects associated to the ground field. Hilbert is credite ...
s ( Theorem of Ferrero-Washington).Ferrero, Washington ''The Iwasawa invariant μp vanishes for abelian number fields'', Annals of Mathematics, vol. 109, 1979, pp. 377–395. Another proof was provided by W. Sinnott, Inventiones Mathematicae, vol. 75, 1984, 273. More recently, Washington has published on arithmetic dynamics, sums of powers of primes, and Iwasawa invariants of non-cyclotomic Z''p'' extensions


Selected works


''Introduction to Cyclotomic Fields''
Graduate Texts in Mathematics Graduate Texts in Mathematics (GTM) () is a series of graduate-level textbooks in mathematics published by Springer-Verlag. The books in this series, like the other Springer-Verlag mathematics series, are yellow books of a standard size (with va ...
, Springer, 1982, 2nd edn. 1996 * ''Galois Cohomology'' in Cornell, Silverman, Stevens (eds.): ''Modular forms and Fermat's Last Theorem'', Springer, 1997
''Elliptic Curves: Number theory and cryptography''
CRC Press, 2003, 2nd edn. 2008 * with James Kraft: ''An Introduction to Number Theory with Cryptography'', CRC Press, 2003, 2nd edn. * with Wade Trappe: ''Introduction to Cryptography and Coding Theory'', Prentice-Hall, 2002, 2nd edn. 2005


Sources


Joseph Oesterlé ''Travaux de Ferrero et Washington sur le nombre de classes d'idéaux des corps cyclotomiques'', Séminaire Bourbaki, Nr. 535, 1978/79Lawrence C. Washington, Curriculum Vita


References


External links


Homepage
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Washington, Lawrence C. 1951 births Living people 20th-century American mathematicians 21st-century American mathematicians Modern cryptographers American number theorists Johns Hopkins University alumni Princeton University alumni University of Maryland, College Park faculty Fellows of the American Mathematical Society