''Lagenandra'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of flowering plants in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Araceae The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). ...

. It is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found els ...

to the

Indian Subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a physiographical region in Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas. Geopolitically, it includes the countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India ...

(

Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million pe ...

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

, and

India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...

).Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref> The

is similar to ''

Cryptocoryne ''Cryptocoryne'' is a genus of aquatic plants from the family Araceae. The genus is naturally distributed in tropical regions of India, Southeast Asia and New Guinea. The typical habitats of ''Cryptocoryne'' are mostly streams and rivers with n ...

'', but can be distinguished from it by its

involute vernation Vernation (from ''vernal'' meaning ''spring'', since that is when leaves spring forth in temperate regions) is the formation of new leaves or fronds. In plant anatomy, it is the arrangement of leaves in a bud. In pine species, new leaves are sho ...

. ''

'' on the other hand exhibit

convolute vernation Vernation (from ''vernal'' meaning ''spring'', since that is when leaves spring forth in temperate regions) is the formation of new leaves or fronds. In plant anatomy, it is the arrangement of leaves in a bud. In pine species, new leaves are sho ...

Description

Helophyte Aquatic plants are plants that have adapted to living in aquatic environments ( saltwater or freshwater). They are also referred to as hydrophytes or macrophytes to distinguish them from algae and other microphytes. A macrophyte is a plant that ...

s, rarely

rheophyte A rheophyte is a plant that lives in fast moving water currents in an environment where few other organisms can survive. Rheophytes tend to be found in currents that move at rates of one to two meters per second and that are up to 1 to 2 m deep. Th ...

s, with thick creeping rhizome; leaf blade simple, ovate to almost linear, fine venation transverse-reticulate;

spathe In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale. Bracts are usually different from foliage leaves. They may be smaller, larger, or o ...

tube with connate margins; spadix entirely enclosed in spathe tube; flowers unisexual, perigone absent. Differs from ''Cryptocoryne'' in having female flowers spirally arranged (pseudo-whorl in ''Lagenandra nairii'', whorled in ''Lagenandra gomezii'') and free; spathe tube "kettle" with connate margins (containing spadix) occupying entire spathe tube; spathe blade usually opening only slightly by a straight or twisted slit; berries free, opening from base; leaf ptyxis involute.

Species

Accepted species are as follows. A key to the species described before 1986 was provided by Crusio and de Graaf. # '' Lagenandra bogneri'' de Wit - Sri Lanka # '' Lagenandra dewitii'' Crusio & de Graaf - Sri Lanka # ''

Lagenandra erosa ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' de Wit - Sri Lanka # ''

Lagenandra gomezii ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' (Schott) Bogner & Jacobsen - Bangladesh # ''

Lagenandra jacobseni ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' de Wit - Sri Lanka # ''

Lagenandra keralensis ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' Sivadasan & Jaleel - Kerala # ''

Lagenandra koenigii ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' (Schott) Thwaites - Sri Lanka # ''

Lagenandra lancifolia ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' (Schott) Thwaites - Sri Lanka # ''

Lagenandra meeboldii ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' (Engler) C.E.C. Fischer - southwestern India # ''

Lagenandra nairii ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' Ramamurthy & Rajan - southwestern India # ''

Lagenandra ovata ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' (L.) Thwaites - southwestern India, Sri Lanka # ''

Lagenandra praetermissa ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' de Wit & Nicolson - Sri Lanka # ''

Lagenandra thwaitesii ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' Engler - Sri Lanka # ''

Lagenandra toxicaria ''Lagenandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and India). The genus is similar to ''Cryptocoryne'', but can be distinguished from it by its involute v ...

'' Dalzell - southwestern India # '' Lagenandra undulata'' Sastry - Assam

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q121023 Araceae genera Flora of the Indian subcontinent Taxa named by Nicol Alexander Dalzell