Kutzenhausen, Bas-Rhin
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Kutzenhausen is a commune in the
Bas-Rhin Bas-Rhin () is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) de ...
department in
Grand Est Grand Est (; ) is an Regions of France, administrative region in northeastern France. It superseded three former administrative regions, Alsace, Champagne-Ardenne and Lorraine, on 1 January 2016 under the provisional name of Alsace-Champagne-A ...
in north-eastern
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
. Kutzenhausen lies to the south of
Wissembourg Wissembourg (; South Franconian: ''Weisseburch'' ; German: ''Weißenburg'' ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in northeastern France. Wissembourg was a sub-prefecture of the department until 2015. The name ''Wissembourg'' ...
, but still within the ''
Parc naturel régional des Vosges du Nord The Northern Vosges Regional Natural Park ( French: ''Parc naturel régional des Vosges du Nord'') is a protected area of woodland, wetland, farmland and historical sites in the Grand Est region in northeastern France. The area was officially d ...
''. This commune is located in the historic and cultural region of Alsace.


Geography


Location

The commune is 2.3 km from Soulz-sous-Forêts, 2.6 from
Merkwiller-Pechelbronn Merkwiller-Pechelbronn () is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is notable as the original home of oil sands mining. Oil sands were mined from 1745 in Merkwiller-Pechelbronn, initially under the dire ...
, 5.8 from
Lobsann Lobsann is a commune in Bas-Rhin, a department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. See also * Communes of the Bas-Rhin department The following is a list of the 514 communes of the Bas-Rhin department of France. The communes cooperate i ...
and 6.5 from Surbourg. The locality is part of the
Outre-Forêt The Outre-Forêt (Unteremwàld in Alsatian) is a natural region which is located in the very north of Alsace, bordering on Rhineland-Palatinate. Outre-Forêt means in French ''beyond the forest'', beyond the Haguenau Forest. To the north, it is bou ...
nature reserve.


Geology and relief

Commune member of the
Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park The Northern Vosges Regional Natural Park ( French: ''Parc naturel régional des Vosges du Nord'') is a protected area of woodland, wetland, farmland and historical sites in the Grand Est region in northeastern France. The area was officially d ...
.
Geological formations in the commune present at outcrop or subsurface level
Mountain:
Grand Wintersberg At , the Grand Wintersberg () is the highest hill in the North Vosges in Alsace, France. The Grand Wintersberg lies about four kilometres northwest of Niederbronn-les-Bains. The massif separates the valleys of the Falkensteinerbach and the Sch ...
.


Seismicity

The commune is located in a moderate seismicity zone.


Hydrography

The commune is located in the Rhine catchment area within the Rhine-Meuse basin. It is drained by the
Seltzbach The Seltzbach is a river that is 33 kilometres long. It forms a left tributary of the Sauer in Alsace. Geography Course The ''Seltzbach'' rises at a height of about in the ''Forêt de Gœrsdorf'' northeast of Mitschdorf in the North Vosge ...
stream, the Froeschwillerbach stream and the Sumpfgraben stream. The Seltzbach, which is 33 km long, rises in the commune of
Gœrsdorf Gœrsdorf (; ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. The commune merged with Mitschdorf at the start of 1973.Sauer The Sauer ( German and Luxembourgish, , ) or Sûre ( French, ) is a river in Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany. A left tributary of the Moselle, its total length is . Rising near Vaux-sur-Sûre in the Ardennes in southeastern Belgium, the Sauer f ...
at
Seltz Seltz (; ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department of the Grand Est region in north-eastern France. It is located on the Sauer River near its confluence with the Rhine, opposite the German town of Rastatt. History The former Celtic sett ...
, after passing through 14 communes.


Climate

In 2010, the commune's climate was classified as that of the Montargnard margins, according to a study by the
French National Centre for Scientific Research The French National Centre for Scientific Research (, , CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 staff, including 11,137 tenured researchers, 13,415 engi ...
, based on a series of data covering the period 1971-2000. In 2020,
Météo-France Météo-France is the official French meteorological administration, also offering services to Andorra and Monaco. It has the powers of the state and can exercise them in relation to meteorology. Météo-France is in charge of observing, study ...
published a typology of climates in mainland France in which the commune is exposed to a semi-continental climate and is in a transition zone between the ‘Vosges’ and ‘Alsace’ climatic regions. For the period 1971-2000, the average annual temperature was 10.6°C, with an annual temperature range of 17.8°C. The average cumulative annual rainfall is 820 mm, with 10.6 days of precipitation in January and 10.2 days in July. For the period 1991-2020, the average annual temperature recorded at the nearest Météo-France
weather station A weather station is a facility, either on land or sea, with instruments and equipment for measuring atmosphere of Earth, atmospheric conditions to provide information for weather forecasting, weather forecasts and to study the weather and clima ...
, ‘Preuschdorf’, in the commune of
Preuschdorf Preuschdorf is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. See also * Communes of the Bas-Rhin department The following is a list of the 514 communes of the Bas-Rhin department of France. The communes cooper ...
, 4 km away
as the crow flies The expression ''as the crow flies'' is an idiom for the most direct path between two points. Etymology The meaning of the expression is attested from the early 19th century, and appeared in the Charles Dickens novel ''Oliver Twist'' (1838): ...
, is 11.3°C, and the average annual total rainfall is 834.2 mm. The maximum temperature recorded at this station is 39.8°C, reached on 4 July 2015; the minimum temperature is -19.9°C, reached on 8 January 1985. The commune's climate parameters have been estimated for the middle of the century (2041-2070) according to different
greenhouse gas emission Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities intensify the greenhouse effect. This contributes to climate change. Carbon dioxide (), from burning fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, oil, and natural gas, is the main cause of climate chan ...
scenarios In the performing arts, a scenario (, ; ; from Italian , "that which is pinned to the scenery") is a synoptical collage of an event or series of actions and events. In the ''commedia dell'arte'', it was an outline of entrances, exits, and action ...
based on the new DRIAS-2020 reference climate projections. They can be consulted on a dedicated website published by Météo-France in November 2022.


Communications and transport


Roads

Situated between
Soultz-sous-Forêts Soultz-sous-Forêts (; ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. The French revolution In December 1788 Mary de Bode who had been born in England and her German born husband Baron de Bode arrived in Soul ...
and
Merkwiller-Pechelbronn Merkwiller-Pechelbronn () is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is notable as the original home of oil sands mining. Oil sands were mined from 1745 in Merkwiller-Pechelbronn, initially under the dire ...
, it is crossed by the D 28 departmental road. * D 52 towards Soultz-sous-Forêts. * D 28 towards Merkwiller-Pechelbronn, Dieffenbach-lès-Woerth.


Public transport

* Transport in Alsace. * Fluo Grand Est.


SNCF The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (, , SNCF ) is France's national State-owned enterprise, state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the Rail transport in France, country's national rail traffic along with th ...

* Soultz-sous-Forêts station, * Hoelschloch station, * Hoffen station, * Walbourg station, *
Hunspach Hunspach ( or ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. In 2020 it was voted the «Village préféré des Français» (France's favourite village). Geography The commune lies a short distance to the south ...
station.


Neighbouring communes

*
Lobsann Lobsann is a commune in Bas-Rhin, a department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. See also * Communes of the Bas-Rhin department The following is a list of the 514 communes of the Bas-Rhin department of France. The communes cooperate i ...
(North) * Soultz-sous-Forêts (East) * Surbourg (South) * Merkwiller-Pechelbronn (South West) *
Lampertsloch Lampertsloch is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is located less than from the French–German border. The commune is part of the ''Parc naturel régional des Vosges du Nord''. Lampersloch was hi ...
(North West)


Intercommunality

Commune member of the Sauer-Pechelbronn community of communes.


Town planning


Typology

As of 1 January 2024, Kutzenhausen is classified as a rural town, according to the new seven-level communal density grid defined by INSEE in 2022. It is located outside an urban unit. The commune is also part of the Haguenau catchment area, of which it is an outlying commune. This area, which includes 34 communes, is categorised as having between 50,000 and less than 200,000 inhabitants...


Land use

The commune's land use, as revealed by the European biophysical land cover database Corine Land Cover (CLC), is characterised by the importance of agricultural land (67.7% in 2018), a proportion roughly equivalent to that of 1990 (68.5%). The detailed breakdown in 2018 is as follows:
arable land Arable land (from the , "able to be ploughed") is any land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.''Oxford English Dictionary'', "arable, ''adj''. and ''n.''" Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2013. Alternatively, for the purposes of a ...
(56.3%), forests (23.7%), urbanised areas (8.7%), grassland (6.3%), permanent crops (5%).. The evolution of land use in the commune and its infrastructure can be seen on the various cartographic representations of the area: the
Cassini map The Cassini Map or Academy's Map is the first topographic and geometric map made of the Kingdom of France as a whole. It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Cas ...
(18th century), the staff map (1820-1866) and the
IGN ''IGN'' is an American video gaming and entertainment media website operated by IGN Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Ziff Davis, Inc. The company's headquarters is located in San Francisco's SoMa district and is headed by its former e ...
maps or aerial photos for the current period (1950 to the present).. Commune covered by the Pechelbronn inter-municipal local planning scheme.


Toponymy

From Goten hause, a possession of the nearby abbey of Wissembourg; another Kutzenhausen was located near
Drusenheim Drusenheim ( or ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin ''département'' in Grand Est in north-eastern France, situated on the bank of the Rhine. History Drusenheim was fortified by the military architect Jean Maximilien Welsch in 1705. Population No ...
and probably owes its name to the former abbey of Arnulfsau. In the past, the abbeys were also called Goten hause, an old form spelt Chuzichusi.


History

The municipality of Kutzenhausen originated from the former bailliage and, at the beginning of the 19th century, included the towns of Niederkutzenhausen and Feldbach, now the village of Kutzenhausen, Oberkutzenhausen, Merkwiller and Hoelschloch. In 1888, these two districts formed the new commune of Merkwiller, and Kutzenhausen was transferred from the arrondissement of Wissembourg to the
arrondissement of Haguenau-Wissembourg The arrondissement of Haguenau-Wissembourg (; ) is an arrondissement of France in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region. It has 141 communes. Its population is 244,304 (2021), and its area is . Composition The communes of the arrondi ...
on 1 January 2015. In France, the first oil wells (mainly oil sands) were sunk in Kutzenhausen. Oil production, together with a refinery, continued until the 1970s.


Heraldry


Politics and administration


List of mayors


Budget and taxation 2022

In 2022, the commune's budget was made up as follows: * Total operating income: €596,000, i.e. €642 per inhabitant; * Total operating expenses: €441,000, i.e. €475 per inhabitant; * Total investment resources: €727,000, i.e. €783 per inhabitant; * Total investment expenditure: €625,000, i.e. €672 per capita; * Debt: €684,000, i.e. €736 per capita. With the following tax rates: * Council tax: 8.50%; *
Property tax A property tax (whose rate is expressed as a percentage or per mille, also called ''millage'') is an ad valorem tax on the value of a property.In the OECD classification scheme, tax on property includes "taxes on immovable property or Wealth t ...
on built-up properties: 25.67%; * Property tax on non-built-up properties: 48.00%; * Additional tax on non-built property: 0%; * Business property tax: 0%. Key figures Household income and poverty in 2020: median disposable income per consumption unit in 2020: €25,020.


Economy


Business and commerce


Agriculture

* Growing cereals, pulses and oilseeds. * Associated crop and livestock farming.


Tourism

* Traditional restaurants. * Restaurants and accommodation in Merkwiller-Pechelbronn, Soultz-sous-Forêts.


Shops

* Shops and services in Soultz-sous-Forêts.


Population


Demographics

Source:


Education

Educational establishments : * Primary school. * Nursery school.


Health

Health professionals and establishments: * Doctors in Merkwiller-Pechelbronn, Surbourg, Soultz-sous-Forêts, Goersdorf, Durrenbach, Woerth; * Pharmacies in Merkwiller-Pechelbronn, Soultz-sous-Forêts, Woerth,
Lembach Lembach is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department and Grand Est region of north-eastern France. Etymology The toponym ''Lembach'' is of Germanic origin, cognate to modern German Lehm, denoting ''clay''. The Germanic hydronym '' *-bak(i)'' enter ...
; * Hospitals in Lobsann, Goersdorf,
Wissembourg Wissembourg (; South Franconian: ''Weisseburch'' ; German: ''Weißenburg'' ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in northeastern France. Wissembourg was a sub-prefecture of the department until 2015. The name ''Wissembourg'' ...
,
Haguenau Haguenau (; or ; ; historical ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Bas-Rhin Département in France, department of France, of which it is a Subprefectures in France, sub-prefecture. It is second in size in the Bas-Rhin only to Strasbourg ...
.


Worship

* Catholic worship, Les Prairies de la Zorn parish community,
diocese of Strasbourg The Archdiocese of Strasbourg (; ; ; ) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France, first mentioned in 343 AD. It is one of nine archbishoprics in France that has no suffragan dioceses. It is the o ...
. * Protestant worship.


Twin towns

* Kutzenhausen, Bavaria since 31 May 1987.


Places and monuments


Religious heritage

* Protestant church, rue de l'église, built between 1763 and 1765, used alternately by Protestants and Catholics until a Catholic church was built in 1905. ** Great organ on gallery. * Catholic church, rue des Acacias, built to plans by architect Bruno Steller between 1903 and 1905. Consecrated in 1905 by the bishop-coadjutor Zorn von Bulach, the patron saint of the church is
St George Saint George (;Geʽez: ጊዮርጊስ, , ka, გიორგი, , , died 23 April 303), also George of Lydda, was an early Christian martyr who is venerated as a saint in Christianity. According to holy tradition, he was a soldier in the R ...
. ** Organ on gallery. * Chapel Notre-Dame-de-la-Paix. * The former synagogue. Destroyed in 1940 by the
Hitlerjugend The Hitler Youth ( , often abbreviated as HJ, ) was the youth wing of the German Nazi Party. Its origins date back to 1922 and it received the name ("Hitler Youth, League of German Worker Youth") in July 1926. From 1936 until 1945, it was t ...
, the youth wing of the Nazi party, it was destroyed in 1957 because it was in danger of collapsing. * War memorial: conflicts commemorated: Franco-German war of 1914–1918 - 1939–1945 - AFN-Algeria (1954–1962). * Calvary. File:Kutzenhausen Temple 02.JPG, Protestant church (18th century) File:Kutzenhausen eglise st georges1.jpg, Saint George catholic church File:Oberkutzenhausen chapelle ND de la paix3.jpg, Notre-Dame-de-la-Paix chapel File:La cour de la maison rurale de l'outre-forêt (Kutzenhausen) (35876868270).jpg, The Maison rurale de l’Outre-Forêt, now an
interpretation centre An interpretation centre, interpretive centre, or visitor interpretive centre is an institution for dissemination of knowledge of natural or cultural heritage. Interpretation centres are a kind of new-style museum, often associated with visitor c ...
of
heritage Heritage may refer to: History and society * A heritage asset A heritage asset is an item which has value because of its contribution to a nation's society, knowledge and/or culture. Such items are usually physical assets, but some countries also ...
File:Kutzenhausen Presbytère01.JPG, Former bailiwick of the Sires de Fleckenstein, former presbytery (18th century) File:Kutzenhausen-Ancienne ferme fortifiée.jpg, Remains of a former fortified farmhouse File:Banc-reposoir Oberkutzenhausen 18.jpg, Ruins of a double-decker
First Empire First Empire may refer to: *First British Empire, sometimes used to describe the British Empire between 1583 and 1783 *First Bulgarian Empire (680–1018) *First French Empire (1804–1814/1815) * First German Empire or "First Reich", sometimes use ...
bench


Other heritage

* Mining remains, including a wooded
slag heap A spoil tip (also called a boney pile, culm bank, gob pile, waste tip or bing) is a pile built of accumulated ''spoil'' – waste material removed during mining. Spoil tips are not formed of slag, but in some areas, such as England and Wales, ...
. * The commune is home to a museum of folk arts and traditions, the Maison rurale de l'Outre-Forêt, now a heritage interpretation centre. * Porch tower at no. 26 route de Soultz. * Bench known as the King of Rome bench. * Well known as the pendulum well.


Personalities linked to the town

* Annie Boulanger, former headmistress of the Kutzenhausen school, member of the
Ordre des Palmes académiques A suite, in Western classical music, is an ordered set of instrumental or orchestral/concert band pieces. It originated in the late 14th century as a pairing of dance tunes; and grew in scope so that by the early 17th century it comprised up to ...
, class of 1 January 2013. * Edmond Fabacher, honorary mayor of Kutzenhausen, member of the Ordre des Palmes académiques, awarded on 1 January 2008. * Barbe Roth, born 5 June 1924 (age ), oldest-living person in Kutzenhausen since Louis Hofmann's death on 7 October 2019.


Oldest living people in the town


Chronological list of the oldest known living person in Kutzenhausen


See also

*
Communes of the Bas-Rhin department The following is a list of the 514 communes of the Bas-Rhin department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):''Parc naturel régional des Vosges du Nord'' site
{{authority control Communes of Bas-Rhin Bas-Rhin communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia