Kulm (venue)
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Kulm is a
ski flying Ski flying is a winter sport discipline derived from ski jumping, in which much greater distances can be achieved. It is a form of competitive individual sport, individual Nordic skiing where athletes descend at high speed along a specially de ...
hill A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as Mountain, mountains. Hills ...
located in
Tauplitz Tauplitz is a former municipality in the district of Liezen in the Austrian state of Styria. Since the 2015 Styria municipal structural reform The Styria municipal structural reform (German: ''Steiermärkische Gemeindestrukturreform'') was a ...
/
Bad Mitterndorf Bad Mitterndorf () is a town in Salzkammergut in the Austrian state of Styria. Situated between Salzburg and Graz, it is a popular winter sports resort and also as a location for walking and cycling in the summer. Bad Mitterndorf is the site of t ...
,
Styria Styria ( ; ; ; ) is an Austrian Federal states of Austria, state in the southeast of the country. With an area of approximately , Styria is Austria's second largest state, after Lower Austria. It is bordered to the south by Slovenia, and cloc ...
, Austria opened in 1950."Tauplitz, Bad Mitterndorf"
. skisprungschanzen.com. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
In 2003, The women's world record at 200 metres was set by
Daniela Iraschko-Stolz Daniela Iraschko-Stolz ( Iraschko; born 21 November 1983) is an Austrian former ski jumper and footballer. She is one of the ski jumping's most successful female athletes, having won the 2014/15 women's World Cup season, and has the third mos ...
, who at the time was the only woman in history to have jumped over two hundred meters. Furthermore, the men's world record has been set three times at Kulm (1962, 1965 and 1986). This hill is one of only five of its type in the world, allowing for jumps of more than 240 metres. The current hill record of 244 m (801 ft) was set by
Peter Prevc Peter Prevc (; born 20 September 1992) is a Slovenian former ski jumper. He won the 2016 Ski Jumping World Cup overall title and four Olympic medals, including gold at the 2022 Winter Olympics in the mixed team event. He also won the 2016 Fou ...
during the 2016 Ski Flying World Championships. They hosted the five FIS Ski Flying World Championships here in
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
,
1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. ** Spain and Portugal en ...
,
1996 1996 was designated as: * International Year for the Eradication of Poverty Events January * January 8 – A Zairean cargo plane crashes into a crowded market in the center of the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ...
,
2006 2006 was designated as the International Year of Deserts and Desertification. Events January * January 1– 4 – Russia temporarily cuts shipment of natural gas to Ukraine during a price dispute. * January 12 – A stampede during t ...
, and
2016 2016 was designated as: * International Year of Pulses by the sixty-eighth session of the United Nations General Assembly. * International Year of Global Understanding (IYGU) by the International Council for Science (ICSU), the Internationa ...
. In
2015 2015 was designated by the United Nations as: * International Year of Light * International Year of Soil __TOC__ Events January * January 1 – Lithuania officially adopts the euro as its currency, replacing the litas, and becomes ...
, the hill was last renovated to a current K200 and HS235, with much longer jumps possible.


History


1948/49: Hill construction

Construction began in 1948 under leadership
Viktor Stüger The name Victor or Viktor may refer to: * Victor (name), including a list of people with the given name, mononym, or surname Arts and entertainment Film * ''Victor'' (1951 film), a French drama film * ''Victor'' (1993 film), a French shor ...
, president of
Salzkammergut The Salzkammergut (, ; ) is a resort area in Austria, stretching from the city of Salzburg eastwards along the Alpine Foreland and the Northern Limestone Alps to the peaks of the Dachstein Mountains. The main river of the region is the Traun (r ...
Ski Association, completed in 1949 as the largest natural ski jumping hill in the world, designed by Ing. Hans Peyerl.


1950: First unofficial event held

On 8–12 March 1950, opening International Ski Flying Week competition was held on new built ski flying hill. Hubert Neuper Sr. was honoured to be the first to try new hill. The last two days counted for "Longest Ski Jump" competition won by
Rudi Dietrich Rudi may refer to: __NOTOC__ People and fictional characters * Rudi (name), a given name, nickname and surname; includes a list of people and fictional characters with the name * * Places *Rudi (Tanzanian ward) *Rudi, Iran (disambiguation) *Rud ...
(103 metres) ahead of Hans Eder (102 m) and third placed shared by Werfener Huber and Fritz Ruepp (both 94 metres). However,
International Ski Federation The International Ski and Snowboard Federation, also known as FIS (), is the highest international governing body for skiing and snowboarding. It was previously known as the International Ski Federation () until 26 May 2022 when the name was cha ...
(FIS) did not approve the hill and not even this unofficial competition, as it turned out to be, that hill was very poorly and insufficiently built, by far from the International standards valid back then.


1951: Second unofficial event held

On 16–18 March 1951, second International Ski Flying Week, an unofficial competition was held in front of total 15,000 people. Summary of total length of four jumps counted into final score. Already on first day, Bradl set new hill record at 115 meters. He was also the winner of the 4 jumps competition with 530 meters in total, in front of the 2nd ranked West German
Sepp Hohenleitner Sepp may refer to: *Sepp (given name) *Sepp (surname) *Science & Environmental Policy Project * Sepp (publisher) Four generations of the Sepp family, publishers and artists were Natural history, naturalists or entomology, entomologists. The Se ...
(504 meters) and the 3rd ranked
Rudi Dietrich Rudi may refer to: __NOTOC__ People and fictional characters * Rudi (name), a given name, nickname and surname; includes a list of people and fictional characters with the name * * Places *Rudi (Tanzanian ward) *Rudi, Iran (disambiguation) *Rud ...
(501 meters). Hill was rebuilt with many improvements, but to receive approval from the FIS to organize the official International Ski Flying Week, further requirements had to be met. Hill was again re-designed by Ing. Hans Peyerl in cooperation with the ski jumping FIS consultant Ing. Straumann. In 1952, Salzkammergut Ski Association, governed body responsible for the hill was dissolved, because Ausseerland came back to
Styria Styria ( ; ; ; ) is an Austrian Federal states of Austria, state in the southeast of the country. With an area of approximately , Styria is Austria's second largest state, after Lower Austria. It is bordered to the south by Slovenia, and cloc ...
. In this way, it was possible to make this hill a top priority for the Styrian state government, which assigned the responsibility to the Styrian Ski Association.


1953: Hill officially opened with FIS approval

On 27 February–1 March 1953, three-day competition, 1st official "FIS International Ski Flying Week", finally recognized by FIS due to many upgrades. About 50,000 people visited the event.
Josef Bradl Josef "Sepp" / "Bubi" Bradl (8 January 1918 – 3 March 1982) was an Austrian ski jumper who competed during the 1930s and 1950s. He was born in Wasserburg am Inn, Bavaria. Career on 15 March 1936, he became the first man in history to stan ...
won the competition with 449.8 points ahead of
Andreas Däscher Andreas Däscher (9 June 1927 – 4 August 2023) was a Swiss ski jumper who is best known for developing the parallel style, or Däscher technique, in the 1950s. This technique became widely used throughout ski jumping until the early 1990s. Th ...
and Roy Sherwood. On 10–11 March 1956, two-day competition, 2nd official "International Ski Flying Week" was held. Total four jumps counted into official result, two best jumps from each day. Peter Lesser won the event with total 428.5 points ahead of Veikko Heinonen (FIN) and
Olaf B. Bjørnstad Olaf Bjørn Bjørnstad (10 January 1931 – 12 May 2013Photo of Olaf B Bjornstad Ski Jumping in Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germanyand Innsbruck, and finishing 3rd in Bischofshofen Bischofshofen () is a List of cities and towns in Austria, town in t ...
(NOR). On 20–22 March 1959, three-day competition, 3rd official "International Ski Flying Week" was held, on the last day alone crowd of 30,000 people. Six jumps in total, two best from each day counted into official result.
Torbjørn Yggeseth Torbjørn Yggeseth (18 June 1934 – 10 January 2010) was a Norwegian ski jumper who was active in the 1960s. He competed for Heggedal Idretsslag. Yggeseth won the ski jumping competition at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1963, the same year h ...
(NOR), founder of FIS World Cup won the event.


1962: Lesser set first world record

On 1–4 March 1962, three-day competition, 4th official "International Ski Flying Week" was held. Already on the first day, at the official training, East German Peter Lesser tied the world record with Jože Šlibar (Oberstdorf 1961), first on this hill, at 141 m (463 ft). His teammate Helmut Recknagel won ahead of two West Germans Wolfgang Happle and Max Bolkart, watched by more than 40,000 people on Sunday, the last day alone.


1965: Lesser set second world record

On 19–21 March 1965, three-day competition, "K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week" was held. First day (Friday) counted as official training, but also as a reserved date, if one of two competition days (Saturday or Sunday) was cancelled, would be calculated into official result. Already on first day,
Bjørn Wirkola Bjørn Tore Wirkola (born 4 August 1943) is a Norwegian former ski jumper. Career He became World Champion in Oslo in 1966, winning both the large and normal hill competitions. The 1966 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships were also held in conj ...
fell at world record distance at 144 meters (472 ft). On Saturday, Peter Lesser also fell at world record distance at 147 metres (482 ft). On Sunday, in front of 30,000 people, Peter Lesser set official world record for the second time here after three years at 145.5 metres (477 ft).


1971: Competition blown away

On 19–21 March 1971, three-day competition, "K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week", which would also be counting for "Europa Cup", was due to strong wind all three days, first and only time in history completely cancelled. Only four trial jumpers managed to perform the last day. Saturday and Sunday results were planned to count into official results, and if one of them was cancelled, Friday results would be counting as a reserve.


1986: Horrible crashes and WR tied

On 8–9 March 1986, Kulm hosted " 9th FIS Ski Flying World Championships" at enlarged and rebuilt with new K185 point, renovation plan inspired by
Planica Planica () is an Alpine valley in northwestern Slovenia, extending south from the border village of Rateče, not far from another well-known ski resort, Kranjska Gora. Further south, the valley extends into the Tamar Valley, a popular hikin ...
. More than 50,000 people in total visited in all three days. It started great already on official training (Friday), with new hill record at 188 meters (617 ft) set by Austrian
Franz Neuländtner Franz Neuländter (born 29 January 1966) is an Austrian former ski jumper. Career He won a bronze medal in the team large hill event at the 1987 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Oberstdorf Oberstdorf (Low Alemannic German, Low Alemannic: ...
. On the last day (Sunday), Masahiro Akimoto, Ulf Findeisen,
Øyvind Berg Øyvind Berg (born March 10, 1971, in Løken) is a Norway, Norwegian former ski jumping, ski jumper who competed from 1983 to 1996. He won a gold medal in the team large hill at the 1993 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships and finished 22n ...
and Grega Peljhan, all four crashed very hard, from high in the air direct to the ground. Four best jumps in total (2 of 3 best jumps each day) counted into final results. For the great final
Andreas Felder Andreas Felder (born 6 March 1962) is an Austrian former ski jumper. During this period he dominated the sport, together with contemporaries Jens Weißflog and Matti Nykänen. He finished in the top three overall six times in the World Cup and ...
who became world champion, set the world record at 191 m (627 feet) and equaled it with
Matti Nykänen Matti Ensio Nykänen (; 17 July 1963 – 4 February 2019) was a Finnish ski jumper who competed from 1981 to 1991. He is one of the most successful ski jumpers of all time,
(1985).


1996: World Championships counted also for World Cup

On 10–11 February 1996, two-day competition " 14th FIS Ski Flying World Championships", with each day also counting for FIS World Cup, was held. Total of 130,000 people gathered in all four days. It all started with free training on Thursday, when
Jens Weißflog Jens Weißflog (; born 21 July 1964) is an East German and later German former ski jumper. He is one of the best and most successful ski jumpers in the history of the sport. He is a two time olympic and nordic world ski champion; also overall ...
(201 m) became the first who managed to surpass two-hundred-meter mark on this hill and 8th jump over this barrier in history.
Andreas Goldberger Andreas "Andi" Goldberger (born 29 November 1972) is an Austrian former ski jumper. In 1994 he became the first man in history to jump over 200 metres, but did not manage to stand. Career He won the World Cup overall titles three times (1993, ...
became world champion in front of home crowd with total four jumps, two from each day counting (183, 183, 194 and 198 m), with final score of total 738.1 points.


Events


Hill record


Men

Possible HRs, start order in 2R unclear (7.3.1986) – Bauer (176m), Klauser (175m), Suorsa (172m), Nykänen (170m), Findeisen (169m).


Ladies


Technical data

*Hillsize – HS235 *Inrun angle – 35.3° *Inrun length – 117.4 m *Calculation point – K200 *Take-off table (height) – 4.75 m *Landing zone angle – 30.5° to 37.5° *Vertical (from top to bottom) – 197 m *Vertical (take-off table to bottom) – 135 m


References

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