The Krzna is a river in eastern Poland, a left

tributary A tributary, or affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainag ...

of The Bug. The river is long. The watershed area of the Krzna is . The river flows through Poland's

Lublin Voivodeship The Lublin Voivodeship, also known as the Lublin Province ( Polish: ''województwo lubelskie'' ), is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in southeastern part of the country. It was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former Lublin, C ...

. The Krzna arises from the connection of two water jets flowing in the Łuków Forest: Northern Krzna and Southern Krzna which is considered to be the beginning of the Krzna. The river empties to the Bug near the town of

Terespol Terespol (; be, Тэрэ́спаль, Teréspaĺ) is a town in eastern Poland on the border with Belarus. It lies on the border river Bug, directly opposite the city of Brest, Belarus, making it a border town. It has 5,794 inhabitants as of 2 ...

and the village of Neple, close to the Belarus border near, the city of Brest. A canal connects it to the

Wieprz The Wieprz (, ; ua, Вепр, Vepr) is a river in central-eastern Poland, a tributary of the Vistula. It is the country's ninth longest river, with a total length of 349 km and a catchment area of 10,497 km2, all within Poland. Its cour ...

The Northern Krzna

The Northern Krzna is a short river which connects with the Southern Krzna in the town of

Międzyrzec Podlaski Międzyrzec Podlaski ( la, Meserici, german: Meseritz) is a city in Biała Podlaska County, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland, with the population of 17,162 inhabitants . The total area of the city is . Międzyrzec is located near the Krzna river, not ...

. Similarly to the Southern Krzna, the river flows from Łuków Forests, center of which was formerly inaccessible Jata marsh and nowadays it is a wildlife reserve of the same name. The Northern Krzna is shorter than the Southern Krzna. However, its watershed area is bigger. During the Pleistocene epoch, the valley of the Northern Krzna was one of the routes of draining meltwater to the East. Nowadays, it drains the northern area of Łuków Plain, particularly the remainings of a sandur. From the Jata reserve to the village of Gołaszyn, the Northern Krzna is on the terrain of Łuków Park of Protected Landscape.

Features of the Krzna

The Krzna is a naturally meandering river, partially unbended by hydrolological processes which constantly change her original character. In the lower current, the water levels of the Krzna are strictly dependent on the

Bug River uk, Західний Буг be, Захо́дні Буг , name_etymology = , image = Wyszkow_Bug.jpg , image_size = 250 , image_caption = Bug River in the vicinity of Wyszków, Poland , map = Vi ...

. A characteristic feature of the Krzna are numerous

oxbow lake An oxbow lake is a U-shaped lake or pool that forms when a wide meander of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water. In South Texas, oxbows left by the Rio Grande are called '' resacas''. In Australia, oxbow lakes are cal ...

s. The average flow of the Krzna close to its estuary is . The maximum range of water levels in the lower course is . Some sections of the Krzna valley are taken into protection, e.g. in the Bug River

Gorge Landscape Park of Podlachia A canyon (from ; archaic British English spelling: ''cañon''), or gorge, is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosion, erosive activity of a river over geologic time scales. Rivers have a natural tenden ...

, ornithological reserve Czapli Stóg and (in the Southern Krzna valley).

Tributaries

The most important tributaries of the Krzna are: *right tributaries: Dziegciarka, Rutka, Zielawa, Czapelka *left tributaries: Krzymosza, Piszczanka, Złota Krzywula, Klukówka

The most important towns located by the Krzna

Łuków Łuków is a city in eastern Poland with 30,727 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2005). Since 1999, it has been situated in the Lublin Voivodeship, previously it had belonged to the Siedlce Voivodeship (between 1975–1998). It is the capital of Ł ...

(Southern Krzna),

Biała Podlaska Biała Podlaska ( la, Alba Ducalis) is a city in eastern Poland with 56,498 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is situated in the Lublin Voivodeship (since 1999), having previously been the capital of Biała Podlaska Voivodeship (1975–1998). ...

References

{{Reflist Rivers of Poland