Kryłów () is a

village A village is a human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Although villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban v ...

in the administrative district of

Gmina Mircze __NOTOC__ Gmina Mircze is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. Its seat is the village of Mircze, which lies approximately south of Hrubieszów and sout ...

, within

Hrubieszów County __NOTOC__ Hrubieszów County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local governme ...

Lublin Voivodeship Lublin Voivodeship ( ) is a Voivodeships of Poland, voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin. The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lu ...

, in eastern

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

, close to the border with

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. It lies approximately south-east of

Hrubieszów Hrubieszów (; ; , or ) is a town in southeastern Poland, with a population of around 18,212 (2016). It is the capital of Hrubieszów County within the Lublin Voivodeship. Throughout history, the town's culture and architecture was strongly shaped ...

, and south-east of the regional capital

Lublin Lublin is List of cities and towns in Poland, the ninth-largest city in Poland and the second-largest city of historical Lesser Poland. It is the capital and the centre of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 336,339 (December 2021). Lublin i ...

History

The settlement grew up next to the castle, which served as a place of refuge for the local population in case of Tatar raids. In the 16th century the castle became the seat of the

Ostroróg family 180px, Coat of the family was Nałęcz. 170px, Mikołaj Ostroróg (1593–1651) The House of Ostroróg was the name of an old Polish noble family taking their name from Ostroróg, a town in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland ...

. In 1635, Mikołaj Ostroróg built a Catholic church. Later on, the castle passed to the Radziejowski, Prażmowski, Chrzanowski and Horodyski families.

Jewish community

The Jewish population numbered 750 Jews in 1921. Many Jews had left the village during

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

because of its proximity to the battlefront and moved to larger towns in the

district, particularly

. In the

interwar period In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period, also known as the interbellum (), lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II ( ...

the Jewish community continued its traditional crafts and trading in the village. Their way of life was religious and the Zionist movement also exerted considerable influence. At the end of September, 1939 the village was occupied by the Germans. Many Jews fled across the

Bug River The Bug or Western Bug is a major river in Central Europe that flows through Belarus (border), Poland, and Ukraine, with a total length of .Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

but at the time was a part of

. The remainder were herded into a

ghetto A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group are concentrated, especially as a result of political, social, legal, religious, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished than other ...

. The Jewish community was wiped out in the summer of 1942. It is unclear how the Jews of the town were exterminated, except that some were sent to the

Belzec extermination camp Belzec (English: or , Polish: , approximately ) was a Nazi German extermination camp in occupied Poland. It was built by the SS for the purpose of implementing the secretive Operation Reinhard, the plan to murder all Polish Jews, a major p ...

while others were murdered in the town itself. The only survivors were those who managed to escape to the woods.

Castle

There is a castle on an island on the Bug River. The castle was built in the 14th century by J. Ostroróg. In the 17th century the Radziejowski family extended the castle and added reinforcements. The castle was destroyed in the middle of the 17th century. The castle, largely in disrepair, is yet to be archeologically investigated. It's said to be haunted by the ghost of an owner's daughter.

References

Populated riverside places in Poland Villages in Hrubieszów County Holocaust locations in Poland {{Hrubieszów-geo-stub