Koothanallur
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Koothanallur (shortened as KNR) is a
Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
in Tiruvarur district in the South Indian state of
Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is the southernmost States and union territories of India, state of India. The List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of Indi ...
. The town is located at a distance of from the district headquarters Tiruvarur and from the state capital
Chennai Chennai, also known as Madras (List of renamed places in India#Tamil Nadu, its official name until 1996), is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Tamil Nadu by population, largest city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost states and ...
. The town has a predominant Tamil Rowthers population. Koothanallur is known for the Big Pallivasal. Sri Ramanatha Swamy Thirukovil, an ancient temple at Tirurameshwaram, is located far to Koothanallur, southerly.koothanallur is headquarter for Koothanallur taluk. Koothanallur is believed to have obtained its name from two brothers named Periya Koothan and Chinna Koothan during the early 12th century. Koothanallur was a part of the erstwhile Tanjore district until India's independence in 1947 and Nagapattinam district until 1991 and subsequently a part of the Thiruvarur district. The town is a part of the fertile Cauvery Delta and the major profession in the town is agriculture. Koothanallur is administered by a municipality established in 1994. As of 2011, the municipality covered an area of and had a population of 25,423. Koothanallur comes under the Thiruvarur assembly constituency which elects a member to the
Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly The Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the India, Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It has a strength of 234 members, all of whom are democratically elected using the first-past-the-post system. The presiding office ...
once every five years and it is a part of the Nagappattinam constituency which elects its Member of Parliament (MP) once in five years. Roadways are the major mode of transportation to the town and the nearest railway station is at Mannargudi. The nearest seaport is Nagapattinam Port, located away, while the nearest airport is the Tiruchirappalli International Airport, located away from the town.


History

Koothanallur is believed to have obtained its name from two brothers named Periya Koothan and Chinna Koothan during the early 12th century. "Nallur" is a common term used to indicate the welfare of villages. Koothanallur and its surrounding areas were incorporated into the
Seljuk Empire The Seljuk Empire, or the Great Seljuk Empire, was a High Middle Ages, high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian tradition, Turco-Persian, Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslim empire, established and ruled by the Qiniq (tribe), Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks. ...
(1037–1194) of Persia in the 11th century.They are Rowthers follows Hanafi Fiqh Koothanallur was incorporated as a part of the erstwhile Tanjore district during the British colonial times until India's independence in 1947 and Nagapattinam district until 1991 and subsequently a part of the newly formed Tiruvarur district. It is populated predominantly by Muslim community


Geography and climate

Koothanallur is located at . Rivers Vennar and Koraiyar, which flows through the heart of the town, keeps the soil fertile. The topography is completely flat and the town is a part of the fertile Cauvery Delta. Koothanallur is situated at a distance of from the state capital
Chennai Chennai, also known as Madras (List of renamed places in India#Tamil Nadu, its official name until 1996), is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Tamil Nadu by population, largest city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost states and ...
and from Tiruvarur, the district headquarters. The type of soil is predominantly clay and sandy, conducive for cultivation. There are no commercial mineral resources in the town. The Ayacut area around the two rivers occupies more than of land. Like in the rest of the state, the period from November to February in Mannargudi has a climate full of warm days and cool nights. The onset of summer is from March to the end of June. The average temperature range from in January to in May and June. Summer rains are sparse and the first monsoon, the South-West monsoon, usually sets in June and continues until September. North-East monsoon usually sets in October and continues until January. The rainfall during North-East monsoon is relatively higher and is beneficial to the district at large because of the heavy rainfall and the Western ghats feeding the river Cauvery. The average rainfall is , most of which is contributed by the North-East monsoon. Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 23


Demographics

According to 2011 census, Koothanallur had a population of 25,423 with a sex-ratio of 1,090 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 2,758 were under the age of six, constituting 1,421 males and 1,337 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 22.27% and .46% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 78.65%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The town had a total of : 6025 households. There were a total of 8,261 workers, comprising 355 cultivators, 1,488 main agricultural labourers, 80 in house hold industries, 4,842 other workers, 1,496 marginal workers, 43 marginal cultivators, 756 marginal agricultural labourers, 94 marginal workers in household industries and 603 other marginal workers. Like in the rest of the state, Tamil is the most common language spoken in the town. As per the religious census of 2011, Kuthanallur had 53.14%
Muslims Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...
, 44.83%
Hindus Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...
, 1.87%
Christians A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words '' Christ'' and ''C ...
, 0.01%
Sikhs Sikhs (singular Sikh: or ; , ) are an ethnoreligious group who adhere to Sikhism, a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak. The term ''Sikh'' ...
, 0.08% Jains and 0.06% following other religions. As of 2008, a total (10.82%) of the land was used for residential, (0.4%) for commercial, (0.13%) for industrial, (0.57%) for public & semi public purposes including educational and open spaces, and the remaining 89% land under agricultural use. Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 30 As of 2008, there were a total of nine notified slums, with 11,215 comprising 48% of the total population residing in those. Most of the Knr'ians working in abroads like GCC countries, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei etc..


Economy

Agriculture is the principal occupation of the people of Koothanallur. The total agricultural lands within the town limit forms around 81% . The work participation in the town indicated a steady rise from 7.2% in 1971–80 to 30% in 1991 to 53% in 2001. Workers in tertiary sector formed nearly 70% of the total workforce. As of 2008, there were 13 industries in the town that included three saw mills and rice mills and two engineering industries. Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 29


Administration and politics

Koothanallur was a town Panchayat till 1994, when it was promoted to a grade III Municipality. It was further promoted to a grade II municipality during May 1998. The municipality covers an area of and has four revenue villages. As of 2011, the municipality had a total of 24 members, one each for the 24 wards. The functions of the municipality is devolved into six departments: General, Engineering, Revenue, Public Health, Town planning and the Computer Wing. All these departments are under the control of a Municipal Commissioner who is the supreme executive head. The legislative powers are vested in a body of 24 members, one each from the 24 wards. The legislative body is headed by an elected chairperson assisted by a deputy chairperson. Economic and political weekly 1995, p. 2396 The municipality has allocated a budget of 5,500,000 for the year 2012–13. Koothanallur comes under the Tiruvarur State Assembly Constituency and it elects a member to the
Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly The Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the India, Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It has a strength of 234 members, all of whom are democratically elected using the first-past-the-post system. The presiding office ...
once every five years. Till 2006, the constituency was reserved for SC (Scheduled Caste) candidates. From the 1977 elections, the assembly seat was won by DMK for five times during 1977, 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011 elections and
Communist Party of India The Communist Party of India (CPI) is a political party in India. The CPI considers the Foundation of the Communist Party of India, December 26, 1925 Cawnpore (Kanpur) conference as its foundation date. Between 1946 and 1951, the CPI led m ...
for four times during 1980, 1984, 1989 and 1991 elections. The current MLA of the constituency is poondi k.kalaivaanan,
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (; ; DMK) is an Indian political party based in the state of Tamil Nadu, where it is currently the ruling party, and the union territory of Puducherry (union territory), Puducherry, where it is currently the main ...
(DMK). Koothanallur is a part of the Nagapattinam (Lok Sabha constituency) and it elects its member of parliament every five years. The current Member of Parliament from the constituency is s.selvaraj from the CPI party. Late S. Murugaiyan was former chairman of Koothanallur and Mannargudi (Tiruvarur District) Municipality between 1973 and 1978. People called him "SM", He belonged to the Communist Party of India. He sorted many issues relating to people. Koothanallur was announced as a Taluk by former chief minister J. Jayalalitha in 2016. A new building for the municipality was constructed near New Bus Stand and operations were shifted there. The old Municipal office and the opposite is being used as Taluk Office.


Education

The Manba-ul-ula was established in 1892 for Islamic learning. In 1932, Sanmargha Thondar Sabha was started in the town, that published Muslim books and ran an Islamic library. As of 2011, there were eleven schools, comprising two primary government schools, five private primary schools, one government middle school, one private high school, one government higher secondary school and one private higher school in Koothanallur. There were three colleges in the town, namely, Sultana Abdullah Rowther College for Girls is an Arts & Science college, Faizul Bakiyat Arabic College and Periyapalli Arabic College, both teaching Arabic.


Utility services

Electricity supply to Koothanallur is regulated and distributed by the Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB). The town along with its suburbs forms the Trichy Electricity Distribution Circle. Water supply is provided by the municipality of Koothanallur from Vennar river through gravity transmission. In the period 2010–2011, a total of 2.36 million litres of water was supplied every day for households in the town. There are 52 tube wells and 117 bore wells that serve as the source of groundwater. Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 31 About six metric tonnes of solid waste are collected from Koothanallur every day by door-to-door collection out of the six metric tonnes generated and subsequently the source segregation and dumping is carried out by the sanitary department of the municipality. The coverage of solid waste management had an efficiency of 100% as of 2014. There is limited underground drainage system in the town and the major sewerage system for disposal of sullage is through septic tanks, open drains and public conveniences. The municipality maintains a total of of storm water drains in Koothanallur. There is a government hospitals, a veterinary hospital, a primary health care centre and two private hospitals and clinics that take care of the health care needs of the citizens. Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 42 There are a total of 1,117 street lamps in Koothanallur: 64 sodium lamps, 1,052 tube lights and one high mast beam lamp. The municipality operates two markets, namely Ramzan market and Central market that cater to the needs of the town and the rural areas around it.


Transportation

The State Highway SH-202 connecting the district headquarters Tiruvarur with Muthupet is the major state highway connecting Koothanallur with other towns in the state. There bus stand in the town has 11 bus bays. The Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation operates daily services connecting various cities to Koothanallur. The State Express Transport Corporation operates long-distance buses connecting the town to cities like
Chennai Chennai, also known as Madras (List of renamed places in India#Tamil Nadu, its official name until 1996), is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Tamil Nadu by population, largest city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost states and ...
. The major inter city bus routes from the town are to towns like
Kumbakonam Kumbakonam (formerly spelt as Coombaconum or Combaconum), or Kudanthai, is a city municipal corporation in the Thanjavur district in the States of India, Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located from Thanjavur and from Chennai and is the hea ...
, Nagapattinam, Nagoor, Thanjavur, Tiruvarur,
Karaikal Karaikal (, , Help:IPA/French, /kaʁikal/) is a port city of the Indian States and territories of India, Union Territory of Puducherry (union territory), Puducherry. It is the administrative headquarters of the Karaikal district, Karaikal Di ...
, Muthupet, and Pattukottai. Mannargudi is the nearest railway station, while Tiruvarur is the nearest railway junction to Koothanallur. The nearest seaport is Nagapattinam Port, located away, while the nearest airport is the Tiruchirappalli International Airport, located away from the town.


Notes


References

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External links


Koothanallur Municipality
{{Tiruvarur district Cities and towns in Tiruvarur district