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The Komi-Yazva language (коми-ёдз көл, ''komi-jodz kål'') is a Permic language closely related to Komi-Zyrian and Permyak, native to and spoken mostly in Krasnovishersky District of
Perm Krai
Perm Krai (, ; ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (a Krais of Russia, krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm, Russia, Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Russian census, 2021 ...
in Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
, in the basin of the Yazva (Yodz) River. It has no official status. It is the most divergent of all the Komi varieties. About two thousand speakers densely live in Krasnovishersky District.Studies
Availability of the particularvowel
A vowel is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract, forming the nucleus of a syllable. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, in loudness a ...
s together with features of phonetics
Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans produce and perceive sounds or, in the case of sign languages, the equivalent aspects of sign. Linguists who specialize in studying the physical properties of speech are phoneticians ...
and stress system led Finnish linguist Arvid Genetz in 1889 to consider Komi-Yazva as a separate dialect. Later, this decision was confirmed by the famous Finno-Ugricist Vasily Lytkin, who studied the Komi-Yazva idiom in depth from 1949 until 1953. Some researchers consider it to be a dialect of the Komi-Permyak language.
Geographical distribution
In the early 1960s, about 2,000 speakers lived compactly on the territory of Krasnovishersky District ofPerm Krai
Perm Krai (, ; ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (a Krais of Russia, krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm, Russia, Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Russian census, 2021 ...
(Antipinskaya, Parshakovskaya, Bychinskaya and Verkh-Yazvinskaya village administrations). In total, there were about 3,000 language-speakers.
Alphabet
The first Komi-Yazva primer was printed in 2003. Its author was the teacher of the Parshavskaya school A. L. Parshakova. This book also became the first one ever printed in Komi-Yazva language.See also
*Komi peoples
The Komi ( also ) are a Permians, Permian ethnic group who are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit a region around the basins of the Vychegda, Pechora River, Pechora and Kama river, Kama rivers in northeastern European Russia. They mostly reside ...
*Komi-Permyak language
Komi-Permyak (, , or , ), also known as Permyak, is one of two Permic varieties in the Uralic language family that form a pluricentric language, the other being Komi-Zyryan. Udmurt is another Permic language spoken outside of the region and ...
*Permians
The Permians are the peoples who speak the Permic languages, a branch of the Uralic language family, which includes Komis, Udmurts, and Besermyans.
History
The ancestors of the Permians originally inhabited the land called Permia covering t ...
References
Bibliography
* *Лыткин В. И., Тепляшина Т. И. Пермские языки // Основы финно-угорского языкознания / ИЯ АН СССР. — Т.3. — М.: Наука, 1976. **= Lytkin, V. I.; Teplyashina, T. I. "Permic languages". ''The Fundamentals of Fenno-Ugric linguistics''. (The Academy of Sciences of the USSR.) Vol. 3. Moscow: Nauka, 1976. *Лыткин В. И. Коми-язьвинский диалект. — М.: Издательсвто АН СССР, 1961. **= Lytkin, V. I. (ed.) ''The Komi-Yazva dialect''. Moscow, 1961. *Коми-пермяцкий язык / Под ред. проф. В. И. Лыткина. — Кудымкар: Коми-пермяцкое книжное издательство, 1962. **= Lytkin, V. I. (ed.) ''The Komi-Permyak language''. Kudymkar, 1962. *Паршакова А. Л. Коми-язьвинский букварь. Пермь, 2003. **= Parshakova, A. L. Komi-Yazva primer. Perm, 2003. {{Authority control Komi language Indigenous languages of European Russia Perm Krai