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Indus Kohistani or simply Kohistani (, Kōstaiñ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the former Kohistan District of
The
Pakistan
Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, having the Islam by country# ...
. The language was referred to as Maiyã (Mayon) or Shuthun by early researchers, but subsequent observations have not verified that these names are known locally.
Phonology
The phonology of Indus Kohistani varies between its major dialects as shown below.Vowels
In the Kanyawali dialect, the back vowels /u/ and /o/ are described as variants of each other, as are the front vowels /i/ and /e/.Consonants
The consonant
In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract, except for the h sound, which is pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Examples are and pronou ...
inventory of Indus Kohistani is shown in the chart below. (Consonants particular to the Kanyawali Dialect of Tangir and those found only in the Kohistan Dialects are color-coded respectively.)
The phonemes /x/, /ɣ/, and /q/ are mainly found in loan words. The status of /q/ in the Kanyawali Dialect is unclear. The sounds /f, v/ can also be bilabial �, β
See also
*Kohistan District, Pakistan
Kohistan District, also known as Indus Kohistan ( Kohistani: ) and Hazara Kohistan, was a district within the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Consisting of eastern portion of the larger Kohistan region, it was bifurcated into ...
* Kohistani people
* Shina Kohistani
* Hazarewal
References
Bibliography
* * {{Authority control Dardic languages Languages of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa