The term

kodecyte A kodecyte (ko•de•cyte) is a living cell that has been modified (koded) by the incorporation of one or more function-spacer-lipid constructs (FSL constructs) to gain a new or novel biological, chemical or technological function. The cell is ...

is used to describe cells with detectable Function-Spacer-Lipid (FSL) constructs, and in concert, the term kodevirion (pronounced co-da-virion), is used to describe virions with detectable FSL constructs. The method for labeling virions with FSL constructs is simple, non covalent and only involves incubation of the virion with the FSL construct in

saline Saline may refer to: * Saline (medicine), a liquid with salt content to match the human body * Saline water, non-medicinal salt water * Saline, a historical term (especially US) for a salt works or saltern Places * Saline, Calvados, a commune in ...

for a few hours – nothing further is required. The FSL construct will spontaneously, stably and quantitatively incorporate into the virion membrane. Virions have been labelled with fluorescent (FSL-FLRO4) and radioactive iodine (FSL-125I). FSL-FLRO4 could be shown to label virions in a dose dependent manner and could be visualized by

flow cytometry Flow cytometry (FC) is a technique used to detect and measure physical and chemical characteristics of a population of cells or particles. In this process, a sample containing cells or particles is suspended in a fluid and injected into the flo ...

either directly, or indirectly if the virion had bound to the cell or fused with the cell membrane. FSLs do not appear to significantly affect the virions infectivity or their ability to bind target cells, probably because they integrate into the membrane without exposing the virion to chemical agents or covalent modification.

References

{{reflist, refs= {{cite journal, vauthors=Heathcote D, Carroll T, Wang JJ, Flower R, Rodionov I, Tuzikov A, Bovin N, Henry S , title=Novel antibody screening cells, MUT+Mur kodecytes, created by attaching peptides onto erythrocytes, journal= Transfusion, doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02480.x, volume=50, issue=3, pages=635–641, year=2010, pmid=19912581, s2cid=20952307 {{cite journal, author=Henry S, title=Modification of red blood cells for laboratory quality control use, journal=Current Opinion in Hematology, doi=10.1097/MOH.0b013e328331257e, volume=16, issue=6, pages=467–472, year=2009, pmid=19680123, s2cid=37416831 {{cite journal, vauthors=Oliver C, Blake D, Henry S , title=In vivo neutralization of anti-A and successful transfusion of A antigen incompatible red cells in an animal model, journal=Transfusion , doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03184.x, year=2011, pmid=21599675, volume=51, issue=12, pages=2664–75, s2cid=205724219 ,{{cite journal, vauthors=Oliver C, Blake D, Henry S, journal=Transfusion , volume=51 , issue=8 , pages=1723–1730 , doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.03034.x, year=2011, pmid=21303367, title=Modeling transfusion reactions and predicting in vivo cell survival with kodecytes , s2cid=24736518 and in concert, the term kodevirion (pronounced co-da-virion), is used to describe virions with detectable Function-Spacer-Lipid (FSL) constructs. {{cite journal, vauthors=Hadac EM, Federspiel MJ, Chernyy E, Tuzikov A, Korchagina E, Bovin NV, Russell S, Henry SM , title=Fluorescein and radiolabeled Function-Spacer-Lipid constructs allow for simple in vitro and in vivo bioimaging of enveloped virions, journal= Journal of Virological Methods, volume=176, issue=1–2, pages=78–84, year=2011, doi=10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.06.005, pmid=21703308 {{cite journal, vauthors=Blake DA, Bovin NV, Henry SM , title=FSL Constructs: A simple method for modifying cell/virion surfaces with a range of biological markers without affecting their viability, issue=54 , page=e3289, journal=Journal of Visualized Experiments, year=2011, doi=10.3791/3289, pmid=21847082 , pmc=3211133 Biochemistry Biotechnology Laboratory techniques Molecular biology techniques

See also

References