''Kluyvera'' is a
Gram negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of ...
, facultatively
anaerobic
Anaerobic means "living, active, occurring, or existing in the absence of free oxygen", as opposed to aerobic which means "living, active, or occurring only in the presence of oxygen." Anaerobic may also refer to:
*Adhesive#Anaerobic, Anaerobic ad ...
bacterial and motile genus from the family of
Enterobacteriaceae
Enterobacteriaceae is a large family (biology), family of Gram-negative bacteria. It includes over 30 genera and more than 100 species. Its classification above the level of Family (taxonomy), family is still a subject of debate, but one class ...
which have peritrichous
flagella
A flagellum (; : flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores ( zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many pr ...
.
''Kluyvera'' occur in water, soil and
sewage
Sewage (or domestic sewage, domestic wastewater, municipal wastewater) is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people. It is typically transported through a sewerage, sewer system. Sewage consists of wastewater discharged fro ...
.
''Kluyvera'' bacteria can cause
opportunistic infections in
immunocompromised
Immunodeficiency, also known as immunocompromise, is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious diseases and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. Most cases are acquired ("secondary") due to extrinsic factors that affe ...
patients.
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]
Etymology
The etymology of this genera is the following : ''Kluy’ver.a.'' N.L. fem. n. ''Kluyvera'', named given by Asai et al. in 1956 to honor the Dutch microbiologist A.J. Kluyver.
Transference of antibiotic resistance
In 2010, a gene blaCTX-M-15 responsible for coding CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) jumped from its chromosome to its plasmid, which was then shared among several bacteria. ESBL confers resistance to pathogenic bacterial strains. This caused the development of antibiotic resistance in almost all known pathogenic bacteria at that time.
References
Further reading
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Enterobacteriaceae
Bacteria genera
Pathogenic bacteria
{{Enterobacterales-stub