The Klimov M-103 is a V12 liquid-cooled

piston A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder (engine), cylinder a ...

aircraft engine An aircraft engine, often referred to as an aero engine, is the power component of an aircraft propulsion system. Aircraft using power components are referred to as powered flight. Most aircraft engines are either piston engines or gas turbin ...

used by Soviet aircraft during

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

.Gunston 1989, p. 90.

Design and development

The M-103 was a further development of the Klimov M-100 engine that was itself a licensed copy of the French

Hispano-Suiza 12Y The Hispano-Suiza 12Y was an aircraft engine produced by Hispano-Suiza for the French Air Force before the Second World War. The 12Y became the primary French 1,000 hp (750 kW) class engine and was used in a number of famous aircraft ...

brs. It differed from both engines in a number of aspects such as increased compression ratio, increased supercharger ratio, increased rpm's, strengthened cylinder blocks, a new crankshaft, a more aggressive camshaft, and flat bottomed cylinders. Developed in 1936 it was ready for testing in October 1936. The first two models failed testing due to cracked cylinder blocks and the engine was resubmitted for testing in 1937. After passing its trials it was cleared for production in 1938 and 11,681 were produced until 1942 at its factory in

Rybinsk Rybinsk (, ) is the second-largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Yaroslavl Oblast in Russia. It lies at the confluence of the Volga and Sheksna rivers, north-north-east of Moscow. Population: It was previously known as '' ...

. The M-103 was followed by the M-105.

Variants

* M-103A - 148 mm rather than 150 mm bore cylinders. * M-103P - A

ShVAK The ShVAK (, "Shpitalny-Vladimirov Aviation Large-calibre") was a 20 mm autocannon used by the Soviet Union during World War II. It was designed by Boris Shpitalniy and Semyon Vladimirov and entered production in 1936. ShVAK were installed in ma ...

cannon fitted to fire through the engine vee. * M-103SP - A proposed version with two engines married to a common crankshaft. * M-103G - With Glycol rather than water cooling. * M-103A-TK - With an experimental Turbo-Supercharger * M-103U - Improved service life variant. * M-104 - Basically a M-103A with a two speed single stage supercharger for increased performance. 232 built.

Applications

* Bolkhovitinov S * Beriev MBR-7 * Polikarpov TsKB-44 * Polikarpov VIT-1 & VIT-2 *

Tupolev SB The Tupolev ANT-40, also known by its service name Tupolev SB ( – ''Skorostnoi Bombardirovschik'' – high speed bomber) and development co-name TsAGI-40, was a high speed twin-engined three-seat monoplane bomber, first flown in 1934. The Tup ...

* Yakovlev Yak-2 * Yakovlev Yak-12 * Yakovlev Yak-22

Specifications (M-103A)

References

Notes

Bibliography

* Gunston, Bill. ''World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines''. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. * {{Klimov aeroengines 1930s aircraft piston engines M-103 V12 aircraft engines