''Kioconus'' is a synonym of the subgenus ''Conus (Splinoconus)'' da Motta, 1991 represented as ''Conus'' Linnaeus, 1758. These are

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s, marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.

Distinguishing characteristics

The Tucker & Tenorio 2009 taxonomy distinguishes ''Kioconus'' from ''Conus'' in the following ways:Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009), Systematic Classification of Recent and Fossil Conoidean Gastropods, ConchBooks, Hankenheim, Germany, 295 pp. * Genus ''Conus'' ''

sensu stricto ''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular c ...

'' Linnaeus, 1758 :: Shell characters (living and fossil species) :::The basic shell shape is conical to elongated conical, has a deep anal notch on the shoulder, a smooth

periostracum The periostracum ( ) is a thin, organic coating (or "skin") that is the outermost layer of the shell of many shelled animals, including molluscs and brachiopods. Among molluscs, it is primarily seen in snails and clams, i.e. in gastropods an ...

and a small operculum. The shoulder of the shell is usually nodulose and the

protoconch A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also called " ...

is usually multispiral. Markings often include the presence of tents except for black or white color variants, with the absence of spiral lines of minute tents and textile bars. ::Radular tooth (not known for fossil species) :::The

radula The radula (; : radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters ...

has an elongated anterior section with serrations and a large exposed terminating cusp, a non-obvious waist, blade is either small or absent and has a short barb, and lacks a basal spur. ::Geographical distribution :::These species are found in the

Indo-Pacific The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth. In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the ...

region. ::Feeding habits :::These species eat other

s including

cones In geometry, a cone is a three-dimensional figure that tapers smoothly from a flat base (typically a circle) to a point not contained in the base, called the ''apex'' or '' vertex''. A cone is formed by a set of line segments, half-lines, ...

. * the former genus ''Kioconus'' da Motta, 1991 ::Shell characters (living and fossil species) :::The shell is obconic with flat sides and carinate shoulders. The spire is only slightly scalariform. The

is multispiral. The shell is ornamented with well developed cords on the whorl tops, and nodules which may persist or die out early. The anal notch is moderate to deep. The

is tufted and ridged, and the operculum is moderate in size. ::Radular tooth (not known for fossil species) :::The anterior section of the radular tooth is roughly equal in length with the posterior section, and the blade covers between one-third to more than half the length of the anterior section. A basal spur is present, the barb is short, and the denticles are coarse. ::Geographical distribution :::The species in this genus occur in the

region including

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

and

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic O ...

. ::Feeding habits :::These cone snails are vermivorous, meaning that the cones prey on

polychaete Polychaeta () is a paraphyletic class of generally marine Annelid, annelid worms, common name, commonly called bristle worms or polychaetes (). Each body segment has a pair of fleshy protrusions called parapodia that bear many bristles, called c ...

worms.

Species list

This list of species is based on the information in the

World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...

(

WoRMS The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...

) list. Species within the genus ''Kioconus'' include: * ''Kioconus alconnelli'' (da Motta, 1986): synonym of '' Conus alconnelli'' da Motta, 1986 * ''Kioconus caillaudii'' (Kiener, 1845): synonym of '' Conus caillaudii'' Kiener, 1845 * ''Kioconus capreolus'' (Röckel, 1985): synonym of ''

Conus capreolus ''Conus capreolus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies. Like all species within the genus ''Conus'', these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of sting ...

'' Röckel, 1985 * ''Kioconus dayriti'' (Röckel & da Motta, 1983): synonym of '' Conus dayriti'' Röckel & da Motta, 1983 * ''Kioconus estivali'' (Moolenbeek & Richard, 1995): synonym of '' Conus estivali'' Moolenbeek & Richard, 1995 * ''Kioconus gloriakiiensis'' (Kuroda & Itô, 1961): synonym of '' Conus gloriakiiensis'' Kuroda & Itô, 1961 * ''Kioconus gondwanensis'' (Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995): synonym of '' Conus gondwanensis'' Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995 * ''Kioconus hirasei'' (Kuroda, 1956): synonym of '' Conus hirasei'' (Kuroda, 1956) * ''Kioconus lenavati'' (da Motta & Röckel, 1982): synonym of '' Conus lenavati'' da Motta & Röckel, 1982 * ''Kioconus martensi'' (E.A. Smith, 1884): synonym of '' Conus martensi'' E. A. Smith, 1884 * ''Kioconus nielsenae'' (Marsh, 1962): synonym of '' Conus nielsenae'' Marsh, 1962 * ''Kioconus papuensis'' (Coomans & Moolenbeek, 1982): synonym of '' Conus papuensis'' Coomans & Moolenbeek, 1982 * ''Kioconus plinthis'' (Richard & Moolenbeek, 1988): synonym of ''

Conus plinthis ''Conus plinthis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies. Like all species within the genus ''Conus'', these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of sting ...

'' Richard & Moolenbeek, 1988 * ''Kioconus queenslandis'' (da Motta, 1984): synonym of '' Conus queenslandis'' da Motta, 1984 * ''Kioconus recluzianus'' (Bernardi, 1853): synonym of '' Conus recluzianus'' Bernardi, 1853 * ''Kioconus reductaspiralis'' (Walls, 1979): synonym of '' Conus reductaspiralis'' Walls, 1979 * ''Kioconus roseorapum'' (G. Raybaudi & da Motta, 1990): synonym of '' Conus roseorapum'' G. Raybaudi & da Motta, 1990 * ''Kioconus sazanka'' (Shikama, 1970): synonym of '' Conus sazanka'' Shikama, 1970 * ''Kioconus shikamai'' (Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils, 1985): synonym of '' Conus shikamai'' Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils, 1985 * ''Kioconus sugimotonis'' (Kuroda, 1928): synonym of '' Conus sugimotonis'' Kuroda, 1928 * ''Kioconus thevenardensis'' (da Motta, 1987): synonym of '' Conus thevenardensis'' da Motta, 1987 * ''Kioconus tribblei'' (Walls, 1977): synonym of ''

Conus tribblei ''Conus tribblei'', common name Tribble's cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies. Like all species within the genus ''Conus'', these snails are predatory and venom ...

'' Walls, 1977 * ''Kioconus typhon'' (Kilburn, 1975): synonym of '' Conus typhon'' Kilburn, 1975 * ''Kioconus voluminalis'' (Reeve, 1843): synonym of '' Conus voluminalis'' Reeve, 1843

References

External links

To World Register of Marine Species

Gastropods.com: ''Conidae'' setting forth the genera recognized therein.
{{Taxonbar, from=Q6414494 Conidae

Distinguishing characteristics

Species list

References

Further reading

External links