''Kievlyanin'' () was a conservative Russian newspaper, published in

Kyiv Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2, ...

in 1864–1919. The newspaper was labeling

Ukrainians Ukrainians (, ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. Their native tongue is Ukrainian language, Ukrainian, and the majority adhere to Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, forming the List of contemporary eth ...

as "Mazepinists" (precursor of

Banderites A Banderite or Banderovite (; ; ; ) is a name for the members of the OUN-B, a faction of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. The term, used from late 1940 onward, derives from the name of Stepan Bandera (1909–1959), the ultranational ...

). Ukrainian poet and statesman

Pavlo Tychyna Pavlo Hryhorovych Tychyna (; – September 16, 1967) was a major Ukrainians, Ukrainian poet, translator, publicist, public activist, academician, and statesman. He composed the lyrics to the Anthem of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Lif ...

considered the publishing as "chauvinistic".Yaryna Tsymbal.
(ПАВЛО ТИЧИНА В 1917-МУ. ЕКОНОМІСТ, СЕПАРАТИСТ І ТИЧИНІН)
'. DSnews.ua. 20 March 2017

History

''Kievlyanin'' was launched by the Russian Empire's

Southwestern Krai Southwestern Krai (), also known as Kiev General Governorate or Kiev, Podolia, and Volhynia General Governorate () was an administrative-territorial and political subdivision (a krai) of the Russian Empire in 1832–1914.Shandra, V. Kiev Gene ...

administration, admittedly with a view to promoting the

russification Russification (), Russianisation or Russianization, is a form of cultural assimilation in which non-Russians adopt Russian culture and Russian language either voluntarily or as a result of a deliberate state policy. Russification was at times ...

of the region. This newspaper's credo: "This is the Russian, Russian, Russian land!" was stated in its very first issue by the paper's original editor, the

Kyiv University The Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (; also known as Kyiv University, Shevchenko University, or KNU) is a public university in Kyiv, Ukraine. The university is the third-oldest university in Ukraine after the University of Lviv and ...

professor Vitaly Shulgin. After Shulgin's death Dmitry Pikhno took over in 1879. The newspaper (which prior to that was coming out three times a week) became a daily; now it appealed to the liberals as well as the

Russian nationalists Russian nationalism () is a form of nationalism that promotes Russian cultural identity and unity. Russian nationalism first rose to prominence as a Pan-Slavism, Pan-Slavic enterprise during the 19th century Russian Empire, and was repressed duri ...

and featured a fine literary section.

Alexander Kuprin Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin (; – 25 August 1938) was a Russian writer best known for his novels ''The Duel'' (1905)Kuprin scholar Nicholas Luker, in his biography ''Alexander Kuprin'', calls ''The Duel'' his "greatest masterpiece" (ch ...

chose ''Kievlyanin'' for serializing his 1898 '' Olesya'' novelet in it. The respectable theatre critic Izmail Alexandrovsky published there regularly, under the pen name Iz. Alsky. During and after the

1905 Revolution The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, was a revolution in the Russian Empire which began on 22 January 1905 and led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under the Russian Constitution of 1906, t ...

Kievlyanin's position shifted to the right; Vitaly Shulgin's stepson

Vasily Vasili, Vasily, Vasilii or Vasiliy (Russian language, Russian: wikt:Василий, Василий) is a Russian masculine given name of Greek language, Greek origin and corresponds to ''Basil (name)#Given name, Basil''. It may refer to: *Vasily ...

became one of the key contributors and most of its leaders were now members of the Kiev Club of Russian Nationalists, the All-Russian National Union or the

Union of the Russian People The Union of the Russian People (URP) (; СРН/SRN) was a royalist, loyalist Far-right politics, far-right Nationalism, nationalist political party, the most important among Black Hundreds, Black-Hundredist Monarchism, monarchist political organ ...

. In September 1913

Vasily Shulgin Vasily Vitalyevich Shulgin (; 13 January 1878 – 15 February 1976), also known as Basil Shulgin, was a Russian conservative politician, monarchist and member of the White movement. Young years Shulgin was born in Kiev. His father was a Profes ...

became ''Kievlyanin''s editor-in-chief, and the newspaper started to drift towards the so-called 'progressive nationalists' group led by Anatoly Savenko. It severed ties with the Russian ultra-nationalists who were now accusing the publication of being 'pro-Jewish' and anti-Monarchist. Indeed, unlike all the pro-Monarchist publications, ''Kievlyanin'' managed to survive the

February Revolution The February Revolution (), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution or February Coup was the first of Russian Revolution, two revolutions which took place in Russia ...

and was closed only in February 1918, as the Ukrainian separatists took over the

Central Rada The Central Rada of Ukraine, also called the Central Council (), was the All-Ukrainian council that united deputies of soldiers, workers, and peasants deputies as well as few members of political, public, cultural and professional organizations o ...

. Shulgin made an attempt to move the publication to the Don region, but the

White Army The White Army, also known as the White Guard, the White Guardsmen, or simply the Whites, was a common collective name for the armed formations of the White movement and Anti-Sovietism, anti-Bolshevik governments during the Russian Civil War. T ...

general

Mikhail Alekseyev Mikhail Vasilyevich Alekseyev () ( – ) was an Imperial Russian Army general during World War I and the Russian Civil War. Between 1915 and 1917 he served as Tsar Nicholas II's Chief of Staff of the Stavka, and after the February Revolut ...

refused to support it.Шульгин, Василий Витальевич
at the Krugosvet Online Encyclopedia The

Central Powers The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,; ; , ; were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918). It consisted of the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Bulga ...

intervention prompted Shulgin to stop the publication in protest, even if the German occupational authorities asked him to continue. He revived it in the autumn of 1919 after the

Volunteer Army The Volunteer Army (; ), abbreviated to (), also known as the Southern White Army was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1920. The Volunteer Army fought against Bolsheviks and the Makhnovists on the ...

stepped into Kyiv. "Yes, owthis Krai is Russian. And we won't give it back neither to the Ukrainian traitors, nor to the Jewish hangmen who drowned the city streets with blood," Shulgin wrote on September 3. In the same issue he warned against

pogrom A pogrom is a violent riot incited with the aim of Massacre, massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews. The term entered the English language from Russian to describe late 19th- and early 20th-century Anti-Jewis ...

s ("These villains should be put to justice and this trial will be severe, but the mob law is unacceptable") but as the nightly, so-called 'quiet pogroms' started, Shulgin in his infamous "Torture by Fear" article (October, 8) confessed he could 'understand the feelings' of those responsible for pogroms since 'the Jews had formed the basis for the Bolshevik power'. ''Kievlyanin'' folded in December 1919, as the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

stepped into Kyiv. In 1925 Shulgin made an attempt to revive it in emigration, but failed to find a publisher.

External links

"Kievlyanin" digital archives in "Newspapers on the web and beyond"
the digital resource of the

National Library of Russia The National Library of Russia (NLR, , ''РНБ''), located in Saint Petersburg, is the first, and one of three national public libraries in Russia. The NLR is currently ranked among the world's major libraries. It has the second biggest libr ...

"Kievlyanin" digital archives in "Newspapers on the web and beyond"
the digital resource of the

Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine The Vladimir Vernadsky, Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, VNLU () is the main academic library and main scientific information centre in Ukraine, one of the List of largest libraries, world's largest national library, national libraries. Its ...

References

{{reflist Newspapers published in the Russian Empire Weekly newspapers published in Ukraine Newspapers established in 1864 Russian-language newspapers 1860s establishments in the Russian Empire Anti-Ukrainian sentiment in Russia