Khust Raion (; ) is a
raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is c ...
(district) in
Zakarpattia Oblast
Zakarpattia Oblast (Ukrainian language, Ukrainian: Закарпатська область), also referred to as simply Zakarpattia (Ukrainian language, Ukrainian: Закарпаття; Hungarian language, Hungarian: ''Kárpátalja'') or Transcar ...
in western
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...
. Its
administrative center
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located.
In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...
is
Khust. Population:
On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zakarpattia Oblast was reduced to six, and the area of Khust Raion was significantly expanded.
The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was
History
In the area there are unique wooden churches in the villages of Danylovo, Kraynikovo, Sokirnytsia, Oleksandrivka, in addition there are several monasteries: a female Orthodox in the villages of Dragovo-Zabrod, a female Orthodox in the village of Lipcha, a male Orthodox in the village of Iza, a male Khust-Gorodilovo, a male Orthodox in Khust-Kolesarovo.
There are two medieval castles in the area, which were constructed, when the territory belonged to the
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coro ...
:
Khust Castle and the Vyshkovsky castle ( and ''Visk'', respectively). The ruins of the Khust Castle - in 1191 the Hungarian kings finished building a fortress, the construction of which took more than a hundred years. In 1570 the castle was transferred to the
Transylvanian principality. In 1709, an all the
Transylvanian Diet
The Transylvanian Diet (; ; ) was an important legislative, administrative and judicial body of the Principality (from 1765 Grand Principality) of Transylvania between 1570 and 1867. The general assemblies of the Transylvanian noblemen and the jo ...
of
Francis II Rákóczi
Francis II Rákóczi (, ; 27 March 1676 – 8 April 1735) was a Hungarian nobleman and leader of the Rákóczi's War of Independence against the Habsburgs in 1703–1711 as the prince () of the Estates Confederated for Liberty of the Kingdom of ...
's supporters was held in the castle. In 1766, during a major thunderstorm over Khust, lightning struck the castle's powder tower and lit it, causing much of the fortress to be destroyed.
Remains of Vyshkiv Castle - the first mention of the fort dates to the end of the 13th century. (1281), when brothers Mikó and Csépán of the
Hont-Pázmány kindred on the lands donated to them by the Hungarian king
Ladislaus IV built an earthen fort on Mount Var-Ged (height 589 m). It acted as the protection of the
Tisza
The Tisza, Tysa or Tisa (see below) is one of the major rivers of Central and Eastern Europe. It was once called "the most Hungarian river" because it used to flow entirely within the Kingdom of Hungary. Today, it crosses several national bo ...
waterway, along which rock salt was coming from salt-pans. From 1300 to 1350 the fortress was the center of the
Máramaros County
Máramaros County (; ; ; ; ; ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in north-western Romania and western Ukraine. The capital of the county was Máramarossziget (present-day Sighetu Marmație ...
.
In 1874 Khust inventor A. Yenkovsky from Steblyvky village invented a machine for mechanized wheat harvesting, which was later patented in the USA as a combine harvester.
After the collapse of Austria-Hungary in the fall of 1918 many Transcarpathians expressed their desire to join Ukraine, and this was clearly stated at the congress in the small town of Khust, January 21, 1919.
On March 15, 1939. It was proclaimed a new state formation -
Carpathian Ukraine with a center in the city of Khust, and its first president was
Augustine Voloshin. This state did not last long, as it was soon occupied and annexed by
Hungary
Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...
. In 1941, the Hungarian state, which included Transcarpathia, entered the Second World War.
Villages
*
Berezovo
*
Danylovo
*
Ilnytsia
*
Iza
*
Keretsky
*
Kushnytsia
*
Lypetska Poliana
*
Nyzhnii Bystryi
*
Sokyrnytsia
*
Veliatyno
*
Zaberezh
*
Zolotarovo
Buildings
*
Protection of the Theotokos Church in
Ilnytsia
See also
*
Administrative divisions of Zakarpattia Oblast Zakarpattia Oblast is subdivided into districts (''Raions of Ukraine, raions'') which are subdivided into municipalities (''hromadas'').
Current
On 18 July 2020, the number of districts was reduced to six. These are:
# Berehove Raion, Berehove (Б ...
*
Carpathian wooden churches
References
{{Authority control
Raions of Zakarpattia Oblast
1947 establishments in Ukraine