Khorramabad (; ) is a city in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan province,

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. Situated in a scenic valley surrounded by mountains, the city lies approximately 100 kilometers (about 62 miles) east of the Iraqi border.

History

Hazaraspids

The founder of the Hazaraspid dynasty was Abu Tahir ibn Muhammad, a descendant of the Shabankara chieftain

Fadluya Amir Abu'l-Abbas Fadl, better known as Fadluya (also spelled Fadlawayh), was a Kurds, Kurdish chieftain of the Shabankara in Fars province, Fars. He was the son of Ali ibn Hasan ibn Ayyub of the Ramani clan of the Shabankara, who were Kurds from ...

. Fadluya was initially a commander of the Salghurids of Fars and was appointed governor of Kuhgiluya, but eventually gained independence in Lorestan and extended his realm as far as

Isfahan Isfahan or Esfahan ( ) is a city in the Central District (Isfahan County), Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran. It is the capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is located south of Tehran. The city ...

Safavid era

During the Safavid era, Khorramabad was the administrative center of Lorestan province. In the wake of the demise of the

Safavids The Guarded Domains of Iran, commonly called Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire, was one of the largest and longest-lasting Iranian empires. It was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the begi ...

, after the signing of the Treaty of Constantinople (1724) with

Imperial Russia Imperial is that which relates to an empire, emperor/empress, or imperialism. Imperial or The Imperial may also refer to: Places United States * Imperial, California * Imperial, Missouri * Imperial, Nebraska * Imperial, Pennsylvania * ...

, the

Ottomans Ottoman may refer to: * Osman I, historically known in English as "Ottoman I", founder of the Ottoman Empire * Osman II, historically known in English as "Ottoman II" * Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empir ...

conquered Khorramabad on the 6 September 1725.

Demographics

Language

The city population is predominantly Lur and the largest Luri-speaking city in the country. See below, the linguistic composition of the city:

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 328,544 in 75,945 households. The following census in 2011 counted 348,216 people in 94,747 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 373,416 people in 109,231 households.

Geography

Location

Khorramabad is in the

Zagros Mountains The Zagros Mountains are a mountain range in Iran, northern Iraq, and southeastern Turkey. The mountain range has a total length of . The Zagros range begins in northwestern Iran and roughly follows Iran's western border while covering much of s ...

. Khorramabad Airport is 3 km south of the city proper.

Climate

Khorramabad has a mild and semi-humid

Mediterranean climate A Mediterranean climate ( ), also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen and Trewartha as ''Cs'', is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude). Such climates typic ...

with high amounts of rainfall during spring and winter. It is the sixth cities in Iran having high level of annual rainfall. Khorramabad has what is classed under the

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...

as a

Hot-summer Mediterranean climate A Mediterranean climate ( ), also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen and Trewartha as ''Cs'', is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude). Such climates typic ...

(Csa) climate. Its elevation is 1147.8 above sea level. Average annual

precipitation In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls from clouds due to gravitational pull. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, rain and snow mixed ("sleet" in Commonwe ...

is 511.06 and its average annual temperature is 17.21

Celsius The degree Celsius is the unit of temperature on the Celsius temperature scale "Celsius temperature scale, also called centigrade temperature scale, scale based on 0 ° for the melting point of water and 100 ° for the boiling point ...

. Highest recorded temperature: on 14 August 1960 and 23 July 1961
Lowest recorded temperature: on 25 January 1990.

Historical monuments

Brick minaret

Brick Minaret is a cylindrical brick tower from Seljuk and Buyid eras located inside the ancient city of Shapur khast, south of Khorramabad. This Iranian minaret is a combination of the Indian

Stupa In Buddhism, a stupa (, ) is a domed hemispherical structure containing several types of sacred relics, including images, statues, metals, and '' śarīra''—the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns. It is used as a place of pilgrimage and m ...

, commemorative columns, and the

central Asia Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian language, Pers ...

tradition of tower building for defensive and

communication Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information. Its precise definition is disputed and there are disagreements about whether Intention, unintentional or failed transmissions are included and whether communication not onl ...

purposes.

Sahpuri Bridge

Shapoori Bridge dates back to the Sasanian era and is registered on the list of National Monuments.

Attractions

Khorramabad is a major tourist destination, it is quite scenic and possesses several attractions, such as five

Paleolithic The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic ( years ago) ( ), also called the Old Stone Age (), is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone tools, and which represents almost the entire period of human prehist ...

cave-dwelling sites.

Colleges and universities

Islamic Azad University of Khorramabad 01

* Islamic Azad University of Khorram Abad * Lorestan University * Lorestan University of Medical Sciences * Madanni Technical College

Sister cities and twin towns

Nuclear site

Reports claim that the site was a target during the June 2025 Israeli strikes in Iran.

Photo gallery

File:منطقه نوژیان.jpg, Nojian oak forest, Khorramabad County File:Makhmalkuh.jpg, Makhmalkuh Khorramabad County File:Falak ol aflak panorama.jpg, Shapur Khast castle File:Kiau Lake 7829.jpg, Keeyow Lake, Khorramabad File:Khoramabad sarbazkhane.jpg, Sarbaz khaneh building File:Pahlavi Building in Khorramabad 2014.jpg, Building in Khorramabad File:Bisheh waterfall.jpg, Bisheh waterfall, Khorramabad County File:Khorramabad2014.jpg, Khorramabad

Notes

References

External links

Khorramabad municipality
* {{Authority control Populated places in Khorramabad County Cities in Lorestan province Iranian provincial capitals Archaeological sites in Iran Ancient Iranian cities Architecture in Iran