Khatyrka Meteorite
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Khatyrka (; , ''Vatyrkan'') is a
rural locality In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry are typically describ ...
(a '' selo'') in
Anadyrsky District Anadyrsky District (; Chukchi language, Chukchi: , ''Kagyrgyn rajon'') is an administrativeLaw #33-OZ and municipalLaw #148-OZ district (raion), one of the administrative divisions of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, six in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Rus ...
of
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Chukotka ( ; ), officially the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, is the easternmost federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia. It is an Autonomous okrugs of Russia, autonomous okrug situated in the Russian Far East, and shares a border wi ...
,
Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
,Directive #617-rp located on the shore of the
Bering Sea The Bering Sea ( , ; rus, Бе́рингово мо́ре, r=Béringovo móre, p=ˈbʲerʲɪnɡəvə ˈmorʲe) is a marginal sea of the Northern Pacific Ocean. It forms, along with the Bering Strait, the divide between the two largest landmasse ...
southwest of Beringovsky. Population: with an estimated population of 323 as of 2018. Municipally, it is incorporated as Khatyrka Rural Settlement.Law #148-OZ


History

Khatyrka is one of the oldest settlements in Anadyrsky district, having been founded around 1756. The name of the village and the nearby
river A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside Subterranean river, caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of ...
was taken from the
cape A cape is a clothing accessory or a sleeveless outer garment of any length that hangs loosely and connects either at the neck or shoulders. They usually cover the back, shoulders, and arms. They come in a variety of styles and have been used th ...
first mapped by the naval officer Sarychyevym, but first visited by the merchants Bakov and Novikov. The Chuckchi call the place Vatyrkan, meaning dry or exhausted as the area surrounding the village is used for reindeer grazing.Khatyrka
– Chukotka Electoral Commission website
There are currently two brigades operating as the Khatyrskoye municipal agricultural unitary enterprise, tending for around 2000 reindeer on the tundra. Within the village, the cultural centre supports the national ensemble "Chukotka Dawns" ().


Demographics

The population according to the 2010 census was 377, of which 191 were male and 186 female, which is essentially in line with an April 2003 estimate, which recorded the population at 375, of which around 87% are of indigenous origin.The Red Cross Chukotka
Information about Beringovsky District
(archived)


Economy

The main occupations revolve around traditional indigenous economic activities of fishing and hunting, both on land and sea. There is also a successful reindeer herding enterprise on the pastures surrounding Khatyrka with around four hundred heads. Although this is a traditional enterprise among many Arctic peoples, these formerly nomadic enterprises were grouped together in the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
to form a collective farm (
kolkhoz A kolkhoz ( rus, колхо́з, a=ru-kolkhoz.ogg, p=kɐlˈxos) was a form of collective farm in the Soviet Union. Kolkhozes existed along with state farms or sovkhoz. These were the two components of the socialized farm sector that began to eme ...
). Following the
dissolution of the Soviet Union The Soviet Union was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration No. 142-N of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Declaration No. 142-Н of ...
, almost all government support was removed from the state farms as the
market economy A market economy is an economic system in which the decisions regarding investment, production, and distribution to the consumers are guided by the price signals created by the forces of supply and demand. The major characteristic of a mark ...
took over. However, unlike in villages such as Alkatvaam and
Tavayvaam Tavayvaam () is a rural locality (a '' selo'') under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of okrug significance of Anadyr in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia.Directive #517-rp Within the framework of municipal divisions, it is a part of A ...
, when the state farm became the Municipal Unitary Enterprise of Rural Agricultural Producers, the herders were able to continue their livelihood. There is an irony that the traditional economic driver of reindeer herding is succeeding here for the time being when it has either disappeared or been significantly reduced elsewhere given that the name of the village used by the Chukchi is ''Vatyrkan'' which translates as ''"a dry, exhausted land"'', despite the pastures surrounding the village. As with many Chukotkan villages, Khatyrka has a traditional Chukchi ensemble and a cultural center. Additionally, the village has a new secondary boarding school, kindergarten, local hospital, recreation center, library, post office, communications center, shop and a bakery. The main occupation of the inhabitants is livestock. Brigades herd reindeer on pastures in the vicinity of the village above the river. In the village the municipal agricultural enterprise "Khatyrskoye" is based to run the reindeer herding operations. The village is also involved in traditional fishing and hunting of sea mammals, and a fish processing plant operates to service this. In 2011 the company launched a new slaughterhouse complex. Electricity is provided to the village by a local generator.


Transport

Khatyrka is not connected to any other inhabited place by any permanent road being situated on the coast at the mouth of the
River Khatyrka A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of its course if it run ...
. There is however, a number of roads within the village, including: * Улица Набережная (Ulitsa Naberezhnaya, lit. ''Quay Street'') * Улица Озерная (Ulitsa Ozernaya, lit. ''Lake Street'') * Улица Речная (Ulitsa Rechnaya, lit. ''River Street'') * Улица Рылькеу (Ulitsa Rylkey, lit. ''River Street'') * Улица Советская (Ulitsa Sovetskaya, lit. ''Soviet Street'') * Улица Центральная (Ulitsa Tsentralnaya, lit. ''Central Street'') * Улица Школьная (Ulitsa Shkolnaya, lit. ''School Street'') A helicopter service to
Anadyr Anadyr may refer to: *Anadyr (town), a town and the administrative center of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia * Anadyr District * Anadyr Estuary * Anadyr (river), a river in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia * Anadyr Highlands * Anadyr Lowlands * A ...
is provided once or twice a month.


Administrative vs. municipal jurisdiction

Until July 2008, Khatyrka was a part of both Beringovsky Municipal and Beringnovsky Administrative District. In May 2008, Beringovsky Municipal District was merged into Anadyrsky Municipal District;Law #41-OZ, Article 1.4 however, this change did not affect the borders of Beringovsky Administrative District. Khatyrka continued to administratively be a part of the latter until June 2011, when Beringovsky Administrative District was merged into Anadyrsky Administrative District and ceased to exist.


Climate

Khatyrka has a
tundra In physical geography, a tundra () is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: #Arctic, Arctic, Alpine tundra, Alpine, and #Antarctic ...
climate (
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (1951–2014), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author ...
''ET'')McKnightand Hess, pp.235–7 because the warmest month has an average temperature between and . All seasons are moderated by the ocean, resulting in much less severe winters than in the interior. This does cause
seasonal lag Seasonal lag is the phenomenon whereby the date of maximum average air temperature at a geographical location on a planet is delayed until some time after the date of maximum daylight (i.e. the summer solstice). This also applies to the minimum ...
, which delays spring warm-up as well as making August the warmest month.


See also

* List of inhabited localities in Anadyrsky District *
Komeutyuyam Range The Komeutyuyam Range (; zh, 科梅乌秋亚姆斯基山) is a range of mountains in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and Kamchatka Krai, Russian Far East. Administratively the northern section of the range belongs to the Anadyr District of Chukotka ...


References


Notes


Sources

* * * * *


External links


Khatyrka photo gallery
{{Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Rural localities in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug