Khamkhi () is an ancient city-settlement in

Dzheyrakhsky District Dzheyrakhsky District (; , ) is an administrative and municipalLaw #5-RZ district (raion), one of the four in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is .Official website of the Re ...

Ingushetia Ingushetia or Ingushetiya, officially the Republic of Ingushetia, is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land borders with the country o ...

. It is part of the rural settlement of Guli (administrative center rural settlement). On the territory of the city-settlement there is an architectural complex "Khamkhi", represented by many historical objects: megalithic

cyclopean Cyclopean masonry is a type of masonry, stonework found in Mycenaean Greece, Mycenaean architecture, built with massive limestone boulders, roughly fitted together with minimal Engineering tolerance, clearance between adjacent stones and with clay ...

tower-type dwellings, 4 combat towers, 4 semi-combat and 16 residential towers, as well as 10 crypt burial grounds. Currently, these objects of Ingush architecture and the entire territory of the settlement are included in the Dzheyrakh-Assa Museum-Reserve and are under state protection.

Geography

Khamkhi is located in Mountainous Ingushetia, on the left bank of the

Assa Assa may refer to: Places * Assa (Chalcidice), a town of Chalcidice in ancient Macedonia, Greece * Assa, Morocco, a town in Southern Morocco in the Jbel Ouarkziz * Asa River (Kazakhstan), river in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan * Assa (river), river ...

river, on the territory of the historical region "Khyakhale" (from the Ingush "three-town"), being one of its three largest ancient cities-settlements.

History

On the territory of Khamkhi, the remains of megalithic cyclopean dwellings dating back to the 2nd-1st millennium BC were recorded. It is here that scientists localized the ancient ethnonym '' Khamekits'', mentioned by the ancient historian and geographer

Strabo Strabo''Strabo'' (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed. The father of Pompey was called "Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo, Pompeius Strabo". A native of Sicily so clear-si ...

(transcribing the words "Khamekits" and "Khamkheti" as the "Country of Khamkhs"). In the late Middle Ages, Khamkhi was territorially part of the Khamkhin society as its center. The settlement is ancestral home for the following Ingush

teips A ''teip'' (also ''taip'', ''tayp'', ''teyp''; Chechen and Ingush: тайпа, romanized: ''taypa'' , ''family'', ''kin'', ''clan'', ''tribe''Нохчийн-Оьрсийн словарь (Chechen-Russian Dictionary, A.G. Matsiyev, Moscow, 19 ...

: Khamkhoevs, Izmailovs, Bekbuzarovs, Martazanovs, Katsievs, Adzhievs, Matsievs, Umarovs, Bersanovs, Fatkhilgovs, Kadievs. In the second half of the 18th century (1770s), the German researcher J.A. Güldenstädt indicated Targim among the total number of

Ingush Ingush may refer to: * Ingush language, Northeast Caucasian language * Ingush people, an ethnic group of the North Caucasus See also *Ingushetia (disambiguation) Ingushetia is a federal republic and subject of Russia. Ingushetia may also refer ...

villages and districts. Khamkhi was mentioned as an Ingush village in 1823 by .

References

Bibliography

* * * * * * * {{Rural localities in Ingushetia Rural localities in Ingushetia