The

subgenus In biology, a subgenus ( subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between the ge ...

''Kerteszia'' are

Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeogra ...

anopheline ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

mosquitoes originally described in 1905 by Frederick V. Theobald as

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

''Kertészia'' with ''Kertészia boliviensis'' as the

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

.Theobald, F. V. 1905. A catalogue of the Culicidae in the Hungarian National Museum with descriptions of new genera and species. ''Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungarici'', 3: 61-119; 66; http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/131700-25.PDF, accessed 29 Feb 2016.Thomas J. Zavortink. 1973. Mosquito Studies (Diptera, Culicidae) XXIX. A Review of the Subgenus ''Kerteszia'' of ''Anopheles''. ''Contrib. Amer. Ent. Inst.'', 9(3): 1-54; http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/144600-7.pdf.

Bionomics

Subgenus ''Kerteszia'' immatures develop primarily in the water in

bromeliad The Bromeliaceae (the bromeliads) are a Family (biology), family of monocot flowering plants of about 80 genera and 3700 known species, native mainly to the Tropics, tropical Americas, with several species found in the American subtropics and on ...

s, and less often in

bamboo Bamboos are a diverse group of mostly evergreen perennial plant, perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily (biology), subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family, in th ...

.W. H. W. Komp. 1937. The Species of the Subgenus ''Kerteszia'' of ''Anopheles'' (Diptera, Culicidae). ''Annals of the Entomological Society of America'', XXX: 492-529; http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/071100-9.pdf, accessed 29 Feb 2016. They are distributed southward from the

State of Veracruz Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Located in east ...

in Mexico through Central America and Atlantic South America, along the coast to

Misiones Province Misiones (, ''Missions'') is one of the Provinces of Argentina, 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the northeastern corner of the country in the Mesopotamia, Argentina, Mesopotamia region. It is surrounded by Paraguay to the northwest, Brazil ...

in Argentina and

Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul (, ; ; "Great River of the South") is a Federative units of Brazil, state in the South Region, Brazil, southern region of Brazil. It is the Federative units of Brazil#List, fifth-most populous state and the List of Brazilian s ...

in Brazil, and on the Pacific coast of South America to

El Oro Province El Oro (; ''oro'' = gold) is the southernmost of Ecuador's coastal provinces. It was named for its historically important gold production. Today it is one of the world's major exporters of bananas. The capital is Machala. History The area was s ...

, Ecuador. The subgenus is absent from the

West Indies The West Indies is an island subregion of the Americas, surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, which comprises 13 independent island country, island countries and 19 dependent territory, dependencies in thr ...

islands except

Trinidad Trinidad is the larger, more populous island of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, the country. The island lies off the northeastern coast of Venezuela and sits on the continental shelf of South America. It is the southernmost island in ...

and from most of the

Amazon basin The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributary, tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about , or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent. It is located in the countries ...

in South America.

Medical importance

Several species of this subgenus are important primary

vector Vector most often refers to: * Euclidean vector, a quantity with a magnitude and a direction * Disease vector, an agent that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism Vector may also refer to: Mathematics a ...

s of human

malaria Malaria is a Mosquito-borne disease, mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates and ''Anopheles'' mosquitoes. Human malaria causes Signs and symptoms, symptoms that typically include fever, Fatigue (medical), fatigue, vomitin ...

s, and other species are suspected vectors.

Species

Species listed by the

Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit The Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit ("WRBU") is a US Army organization that conducts laboratory and field research on the systematics of medically important arthropods in support of epidemiological investigations and disease prevention and control ...

:Thomas V. Gaffigan, Richard C. Wilkerson, James E. Pecor, Judith A. Stoffer and Thomas Anderson. 2016. "Culicidae » Anophelinae » Null » Anopheles » Subgenus Kerteszia Theobald" in ''Systematic Catalog of Culicidae'',

, http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/taxon_descr.aspx?ID=132, accessed 29 Feb 2016. * '' Anopheles auyantepuiensis'' Harbach and Navarro * '' Anopheles bambusicolus'' Komp * ''

Anopheles bellator ''Anopheles bellator'' is a species of mosquito mainly located in southeast of State of São Paulo, Brazil, is a main vector of malaria Malaria is a Mosquito-borne disease, mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates and ' ...

'' Dyar and Knab ( syn.: '' Anopheles bromelicola'' Dyar) * ''

Anopheles boliviensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' (Theobald) * '' Anopheles cruzii'' Dyar and Knab ( syn.: '' Anopheles adolphoi'' Neiva, '' Anopheles lutzii'' Theobald, '' Anopheles montemor'' Correa) * '' Anopheles gonzalezrinconesi'' Cova García, Pulido F. & Escalante de Ugueto * '' Anopheles homunculus'' Komp ( syn.: '' Anopheles anoplus'' Komp) * '' Anopheles laneanus'' Corrêa & Cerqueira * '' Anopheles lepidotus'' Zavortink * ''

Anopheles neivai ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Howard, Dyar and Knab ( syn.: '' Anopheles hylephilus'' Dyar and Knab) * '' Anopheles pholidotus'' Zavortink * '' Anopheles rollai'' Cova García, Pulido F. & Escalante de Ugueto ( syn.: '' Anopheles hilli'' Cova Garcia, Pulido and de Ugueto)

References

Anopheles Insect vectors of human pathogens Taxa named by Frederick Vincent Theobald Insect subgenera {{Culicidae-stub