Kepler-419b (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation ''KOI-1474.01'') is a

hot Jupiter Hot Jupiters (sometimes called hot Saturns) are a class of gas giant exoplanets that are inferred to be physically similar to Jupiter (i.e. Jupiter analogue, Jupiter analogues) but that have very short orbital periods (). The close proximity to t ...

exoplanet An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside the Solar System. The first confirmed detection of an exoplanet was in 1992 around a pulsar, and the first detection around a main-sequence star was in 1995. A different planet, first det ...

orbiting the star Kepler-419, the outermost of two such planets discovered by

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...

's Kepler spacecraft. It is located about 3,400

light-year A light-year, alternatively spelled light year (ly or lyr), is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances and is equal to exactly , which is approximately 9.46 trillion km or 5.88 trillion mi. As defined by the International Astr ...

s (1040

parsec The parsec (symbol: pc) is a unit of length used to measure the large distances to astronomical objects outside the Solar System, approximately equal to or (AU), i.e. . The parsec unit is obtained by the use of parallax and trigonometry, and ...

s from Earth in the constellation Cygnus.

Characteristics

Mass, radius and temperature

Kepler-419b is a

, an exoplanet that has a radius and mass near that of the planet

Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the List of Solar System objects by size, largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a Jupiter mass, mass more than 2.5 times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined a ...

, but with a much higher temperature. It has a temperature of .Kepler 419
hpcf.upr.edu It has a mass of 2.5 and a radius of 0.96 .

Host star

The planet orbits an ( F-type)

star A star is a luminous spheroid of plasma (physics), plasma held together by Self-gravitation, self-gravity. The List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs, nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye at night sk ...

named Kepler-419. The star has a mass of 1.39 and a radius 1.75 . It has a surface temperatures of 6430 K and is 2.8 billion years old. In comparison, the Sun is about 4.6 billion years old and has a surface temperature of 5778 K. The star's

apparent magnitude Apparent magnitude () is a measure of the Irradiance, brightness of a star, astronomical object or other celestial objects like artificial satellites. Its value depends on its intrinsic luminosity, its distance, and any extinction (astronomy), ...

, or how bright it appears from Earth's perspective, is 13. It is too dim to be seen with the naked eye.

Orbit

Kepler-419c orbits its host star with 270% of the Sun's luminosity (2.7 ) about every 67 days at a distance of 0.37 AU (close to the orbital distance of Mercury from the Sun, which is 0.38 AU). It has a highly eccentric orbit, with an eccentricity of 0.833.

Discovery

In 2009,

Kepler Johannes Kepler (27 December 1571 – 15 November 1630) was a German astronomer, mathematician, astrologer, natural philosopher and writer on music. He is a key figure in the 17th-century Scientific Revolution, best known for his laws of p ...

spacecraft was completing observing stars on its

photometer A photometer is an instrument that measures the strength of electromagnetic radiation in the range from ultraviolet to infrared and including the visible spectrum. Most photometers convert light into an electric current using a photoresistor, ...

, the instrument it uses to detect

transit Transit may refer to: Arts and entertainment Film * ''Transit'' (1980 film), a 1980 Israeli film * ''Transit'' (1986 film), a Canadian short film * ''Transit'' (2005 film), a film produced by MTV and Staying-Alive about four people in countrie ...

events, in which a planet crosses in front of and dims its host star for a brief and roughly regular period of time. In this last test, Kepler observed stars in the Kepler Input Catalog, including Kepler-419, the preliminary light curves were sent to the Kepler science team for analysis, who chose obvious planetary companions from the bunch for follow-up at observatories. Observations for the potential exoplanet candidates took place between 13 May 2009 and 17 March 2012. After observing the respective transits, the first planet, Kepler-419b, was announced.

References

External links

NASA – Kepler Mission

NASA – Kepler Discoveries – Summary Table

NASA – Kepler-419b
at The NASA Exoplanet Archive.
NASA – Kepler-419b
at The Exoplanet Data Explorer.
NASA – Kepler-419b
at The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. {{Sky, 19, 41, 40.3, +, 51, 11, 05.15 Exoplanets discovered by the Kepler space telescope Giant planets Exoplanets discovered in 2014 Transiting exoplanets Cygnus (constellation)