Kenneth Meyer Setton (June 17, 1914 – February 18, 1995) was an American
historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human species; as well as the ...
and an expert on the history of
medieval Europe
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with the fall of the West ...
, particularly the
Crusades
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and at times directed by the Papacy during the Middle Ages. The most prominent of these were the campaigns to the Holy Land aimed at reclaiming Jerusalem and its surrounding t ...
.
Early life, education and awards
Setton's childhood and adolescence were not easy. He supported himself from the age of 13. Setton received his
bachelor's degree
A bachelor's degree (from Medieval Latin ''baccalaureus'') or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin ''baccalaureatus'') is an undergraduate degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years ...
in 1936 as a
Phi Beta Kappa
The Phi Beta Kappa Society () is the oldest academic honor society in the United States. It was founded in 1776 at the College of William & Mary in Virginia. Phi Beta Kappa aims to promote and advocate excellence in the liberal arts and sciences, ...
graduate of
Boston University
Boston University (BU) is a Private university, private research university in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. BU was founded in 1839 by a group of Boston Methodism, Methodists with its original campus in Newbury (town), Vermont, Newbur ...
. He received his
master's degree
A master's degree (from Latin ) is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional prac ...
in 1938 and PhD in 1941 at
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Churc ...
. His dissertation ''Christian Attitude Toward the Emperor in the Fourth Century'' was written under the direction of
Lynn Thorndike
Lynn Thorndike (24 July 1882, in Lynn, Massachusetts, US – 28 December 1965, New York City) was an American historian of History of science in the Middle Ages, medieval science and alchemy. He was the son of a clergyman, Edward R. Thorndike, an ...
. He also received
honorary degree
An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or '' ad hon ...
s from Boston University and the
University of Kiel
Kiel University, officially the Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, (, abbreviated CAU, known informally as Christiana Albertina) is a public research university in the city of Kiel, Germany. It was founded in 1665 as the ''Academia Holsator ...
. He claimed that knowledge of languages is the basis of knowledge of historical science, and he spoke
Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
, French,
German and
Catalan, besides his favorites,
Latin
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...
and
classical Greek
Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archa ...
.
Setton spent nearly two decades finishing his classic work, the four-volume ''The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571''. For the first two published volumes he received the
Haskins Medal of the
Medieval Academy of America
The Medieval Academy of America (MAA; spelled Mediaeval until ) is the largest organization in the United States promoting the field of medieval studies. It was founded in 1925 and is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The academy publishes the q ...
in 1980. He served as the editor-in-chief of the
Wisconsin Collaborative History of the Crusades
Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...
, published in six volumes from 1969 to 1989.
Setton was elected to the
American Philosophical Society
The American Philosophical Society (APS) is an American scholarly organization and learned society founded in 1743 in Philadelphia that promotes knowledge in the humanities and natural sciences through research, professional meetings, publicat ...
in 1952. He received the
John Frederick Lewis Award of the Society three times: first in 1957 for his work ''The Byzantine Background to the Italian Renaissance'', then in 1984 for his work ''The Papacy and the Levant, volume 3 and 4'' and in 1990 for his work ''Venice, Austria and the Turks in the 17th Century''.
Setton was elected to the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (The Academy) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, and other ...
in 1960.
Career
Setton began his teaching career at Boston University and the
University of Manitoba
The University of Manitoba (U of M, UManitoba, or UM) is a public research university in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Founded in 1877, it is the first university of Western Canada. Both by total student enrolment and campus area, the University of ...
. Next he taught at the
University of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania (Penn or UPenn) is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. One of nine colonial colleges, it was chartered in 1755 through the efforts of f ...
between 1950 and 1965, succeeding another medievalist, . In the period between 1965 and 1968 he taught at the
University of Wisconsin
A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Uni ...
, where he was appointed director of the Institute for Research in the Humanities. After 1968 he worked at the
Institute for Advanced Study
The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry located in Princeton, New Jersey. It has served as the academic home of internationally preeminent scholars, including Albert Ein ...
in
Princeton, New Jersey
The Municipality of Princeton is a Borough (New Jersey), borough in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. It was established on January 1, 2013, through the consolidation of the Borough of Princeton, New Jersey, Borough of Princeton and Pri ...
.
He had many concurrent appointments, such as director of the library at the University of Pennsylvania, acting director of the
Gennadius Library in Greece, and
Guggenheim Fellow
Guggenheim Fellowships are grants that have been awarded annually since by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, endowed by the late Simon and Olga Hirsh Guggenheim. These awards are bestowed upon individuals who have demonstrated d ...
.
Selected works
*
*
*
* ''A History of the Crusades'' (1969–1989). Six volumes. University of Wisconsin Press, 1955–1989, as editor in chief with Harry W. Hazard, Robert Lee Wolff, Marshall W. Baldwin and Norman P. Zacour as co-editors. This series is known as the
Wisconsin Collaborative History of the Crusades
Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...
.
*
*
* A history of the founding of the
Catalan Company and their subsequent control of the
Duchy of Athens
The Duchy of Athens (Greek language, Greek: Δουκᾶτον Ἀθηνῶν, ''Doukaton Athinon''; Catalan language, Catalan: ''Ducat d'Atenes'') was one of the Crusader states set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during ...
and
Thebes.
*''The Age of Chivalry'' (1969).
[Setton, K. M. (Kenneth Meyer)., National Geographic Society (U.S.). (1969)]
The Age of chivalry
ashington
Ashington is a town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, with a population of 27,864 at the 2011 Census. It was once a centre of the coal mining industry. The town is north of Newcastle upon Tyne, west of the A189 and bordered to the ...
National Geographic Society.
*
*
References
External links
Almanac of University of Pennsylvania containing information about appointment of Kenneth Setton as professor of Medieval HistoryAlmanac of University of Pennsylvania containing information about Setton being awarded with John Frederick Lewis Prize in 1957Short biography on Historians web siteShort biography at Jstor websiteThe Alfred E. Hamill Letters to Kenneth Meyer Setton a
Newberry LibraryA History of the Crusades University of Wisconsin Press, 1969–1989.
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Setton, Kenneth
1914 births
1995 deaths
American medievalists
Historians of the Crusades
Slavists
Institute for Advanced Study faculty
20th-century American historians
American male non-fiction writers
People from New Bedford, Massachusetts
Boston University faculty
University of Pennsylvania faculty
Members of the Institute for Catalan Studies
Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America
Historians from Massachusetts
20th-century American male writers
Members of the American Philosophical Society