Ken Ludwig is an American

playwright A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes play (theatre), plays, which are a form of drama that primarily consists of dialogue between Character (arts), characters and is intended for Theatre, theatrical performance rather than just Readin ...

, author, screenwriter, and director whose work has been performed in more than 30 countries in over 20 languages. He has had eight productions in London's West End and six productions on Broadway, and his 34 plays and musicals have been staged throughout the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

and the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

Early life and education

Ken Ludwig was born in

York, Pennsylvania York is a city in York County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. Located in South Central Pennsylvania, the city's population was 44,800 at the time of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the List of cities in ...

. His father, Jacob S. Ludwig, was a doctor, and his mother, Louise Rabiner Ludwig, was a former Broadway chorus girl. Ludwig was educated at York Suburban Senior High School, York PA. He received a BA in Music Theory and Composition from

Haverford College Haverford College ( ) is a private university, private Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college in Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded as a men's college in 1833 by members of the Religious Society of Fr ...

, where he also studied Shakespeare with Ralph Sargent. At

Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...

, he studied music with

Leonard Bernstein Leonard Bernstein ( ; born Louis Bernstein; August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American conductor, composer, pianist, music educator, author, and humanitarian. Considered to be one of the most important conductors of his time, he was th ...

. He received his JD from

Harvard Law School Harvard Law School (HLS) is the law school of Harvard University, a Private university, private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1817, Harvard Law School is the oldest law school in continuous operation in the United ...

and an LLM from

Cambridge University The University of Cambridge is a Public university, public collegiate university, collegiate research university in Cambridge, England. Founded in 1209, the University of Cambridge is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation, wo ...

(Trinity College).

Theatre career

Ken Ludwig's first hit play, '' Lend Me a Tenor'', was produced by

Andrew Lloyd Webber Andrew Lloyd Webber, Baron Lloyd-Webber (born 22 March 1948) is an English composer and impresario of musical theatre. Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End theatre, West End and on Broadway theatre, Broad ...

for the West End in London in 1986 and on Broadway in 1989. The comedy was nominated for seven

Tony Awards The Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Broadway Theatre, more commonly known as a Tony Award, recognizes excellence in live Broadway theatre. The awards are presented by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at an annual cere ...

, including Best Play, and won two. A revival of ''Lend Me a Tenor'' opened on Broadway in 2010, starring

Tony Shalhoub Anthony Marc Shalhoub ( ; ; born October 9, 1953) is an American actor. He is known for a variety of roles ranging from comedic to dramatic on stage and screen. He has received several accolades including five Emmy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, s ...

, Anthony LaPaglia and Jan Maxwell. It was nominated for three Tony Awards. His second Broadway and West End production, '' Crazy for You'', is an original musical drawing from the catalogue of George and Ira Gershwin. It opened at the

Shubert Theatre (Broadway) The Shubert Theatre is a Broadway theater at 225 West 44th Street in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City, New York, U.S. Opened in 1913, the theater was designed by Henry Beaumont Herts in the Italian Renaissance st ...

in 1992 and ran for over five years in New York. A simultaneous production ran for three years at the

Prince Edward Theatre The Prince Edward Theatre is a West End theatre situated on Old Compton Street, just north of Leicester Square, in the City of Westminster, London. History The theatre was designed in 1930 by Edward A. Stone, with an interior designed by Mar ...

in London from 1993. ''Crazy for You'' won the Tony Award, Drama Desk, Outer Critics Circle, LA Drama Critics Circle, and

Helen Hayes Helen Hayes MacArthur (; October 10, 1900 – March 17, 1993) was an American actress. Often referred to as the "First Lady of American Theatre", she was the second person and first woman to win EGOT, the EGOT (an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and ...

and

Laurence Olivier Awards The Laurence Olivier Awards, or simply The Olivier Awards, are presented annually by the Society of London Theatre to recognize excellence in professional theatre in London. The awards were originally known as the Society of West End Theatre Aw ...

as Best Musical. The show has been revived twice on the West End, in 2011 and 2023. It was staged in 2017 for a one-night-only concert performance at

Lincoln Center Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts (also simply known as Lincoln Center) is a complex of buildings in the Lincoln Square neighborhood on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. It has thirty indoor and outdoor facilities and is host to 5 ...

. Ludwig has had three additional plays produced on Broadway. '' Moon Over Buffalo'', which the ''Boston Herald'' called "a love letter to theatre", opened at the

Martin Beck Theatre The Al Hirschfeld Theatre, originally the Martin Beck Theatre, is a Broadway theater at 302 West 45th Street in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City, New York, U.S. Opened in 1924, it was designed by G. Albert Lansburg ...

(now the Al Hirschfeld Theatre) in 1995 with

Carol Burnett Carol Creighton Burnett (born April 26, 1933) is an American comedian, actress, singer and writer. Burnett has played dramatic and comedic roles on stage and screen. She has received List of awards and nominations received by Carol Burnett, nu ...

and

Lynn Redgrave Lynn Rachel Redgrave (8 March 1943 – 2 May 2010) was a British and American actress. During a career that spanned five decades, she won two Golden Globe Awards and was nominated for two Academy Awards, four British Academy Film Awards, two Em ...

. The same play, under the title ''Over the Moon'', subsequently ran on London's West End at the Old Vic in 2001 in a production starring

Frank Langella Frank A. Langella Jr. (; born January 1, 1938) is an American actor. He eschewed the career of a traditional film star by making the stage the focal point of his career, appearing frequently on Broadway. He has received four Tony Awards (out of ...

and

Joan Collins Dame Joan Henrietta Collins (born 23 May 1933) is an English actress, author and columnist. She is the recipient of several accolades, including a Golden Globe Awards, a People's Choice Award, two Soap Opera Digest Awards and a Primetime Emm ...

. In 2001, Ludwig conceived and wrote the book for his second musical, an adaptation of ''

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ''The Adventures of Tom Sawyer'' (also simply known as ''Tom Sawyer'') is a novel by Mark Twain published on June 9, 1876, about a boy, Tom Sawyer, growing up along the Mississippi River. It is set in the 1830s-1840s in the town of St. Petersbu ...

''. It opened at the

Minskoff Theatre The Minskoff Theatre is a Broadway theater on the third floor of the One Astor Plaza office building in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City, New York, U.S. Opened in 1973, it is operated by the Nederlander Organizatio ...

in 2001 starring

Kristen Bell Kristen Anne Bell (born July 18, 1980) is an American actress, comedian, screenwriter, and producer. List of Kristen Bell performances, Her work includes both film and television, and List of awards and nominations received by Kristen Bell, h ...

as Becky Thatcher. In 2004, he wrote an adaptation of the classic

Ben Hecht Ben Hecht (; February 28, 1894 – April 18, 1964) was an American screenwriter, director, producer, playwright, journalist, and novelist. A journalist in his youth, he went on to write 35 books and some of the most enjoyed screenplays and play ...

- Charles MacArthur play '' Twentieth Century'', which opened on Broadway at the

Roundabout Theatre Company The Roundabout Theatre Company is a nonprofit organization, non-profit theatre company based in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, affiliated with the League of Resident Theatres. History The company was founded in 1965 by Gene Feist, Michael Fr ...

's American Airlines Theatre starring

Alec Baldwin Alexander Rae Baldwin III (born April 3, 1958) is an American actor and film producer. He is known for his leading and supporting roles in a variety of genres, from comedy to drama. He has received List of awards and nominations received by A ...

and

Anne Heche Anne Celeste Heche ( ; May 25, 1969August 11, 2022) was an American actress, known for her roles across a variety of genres in film, television, and theater. She was the recipient of Daytime Emmy, National Board of Review, and GLAAD Media Awards ...

. His 2019 comedy-romance, ''Dear Jack, Dear Louise'', which chronicles the story of his parents' courtship through letters during

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, is currently optioned for Broadway. Ludwig's other original comedies include ''Shakespeare in Hollywood'', which premiered at Arena Stage in

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

, in 2003; '' Leading Ladies'', which premiered at the Alley Theatre in association with the

Cleveland Play House Cleveland Play House (CPH) is a professional regional theater company located in Cleveland, Ohio. It was founded in 1915 and built its own noted theater complex in 1927. Currently the company performs at the Allen Theatre in Playhouse Square ...

in 2004, and which Ludwig directed; ''

Be My Baby "Be My Baby" is a song by the American girl group the Ronettes that was released as a single on Philles Records in August 1963. Written by Jeff Barry, Ellie Greenwich, and Phil Spector, the song was the Ronettes' biggest hit, reaching number ...

'', which premiered at the Alley Theatre in 2005 starring

Hal Holbrook Harold Rowe Holbrook Jr. (February 17, 1925 – January 23, 2021) was an American actor. He first received critical acclaim in 1954 for a one-man stage show that he developed called ''Mark Twain Tonight!'' while studying at Denison University. H ...

and

Dixie Carter Dixie Virginia Carter (May 25, 1939 – April 10, 2010) was an American actress. She starred as Julia Sugarbaker on the sitcom ''Designing Women'' (1986–1993) and as Randi King on the drama series ''Family Law (American TV series), Family La ...

; ''A Fox on the Fairway'', which premiered at Signature Theatre in 2010, directed by

John Rando John Rando is an American stage director who won the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical for ''Urinetown the Musical'' in 2002. He received his 2nd nomination in the same category in 2015 for the 2014 Broadway revival of '' On the Town''. ...

; ''A Comedy of Tenors'', featuring the continuing adventures of several characters from ''Lend Me a Tenor'', which premiered as a co-production of the McCarter Theatre Center and the Cleveland Play House in 2015; ''The Gods of Comedy'', which premiered at the McCarter Theatre Center in association with The

Old Globe Theatre The Old Globe is a professional theatre company in Balboa Park in San Diego, California. It produces about 15 plays and musicals annually in summer and winter seasons. Plays are performed in three separate theatres in the complex, which is collec ...

in 2019; and ''Lend Me A Soprano'', a re-imagining of ''Lend Me a Tenor'' featuring women in all the leading roles, which premiered at the Alley Theatre in 2022. Ludwig has adapted several plays from classical literature and stage. At the invitation of the estate of

Thornton Wilder Thornton Niven Wilder (April 17, 1897 – December 7, 1975) was an American playwright and novelist. He won three Pulitzer Prizes, for the novel ''The Bridge of San Luis Rey'' and for the plays ''Our Town'' and ''The Skin of Our Teeth'', and a U. ...

, he completed Wilder's adaptation of

George Farquhar George Farquhar (1677The explanation for the dual birth year appears in Louis A. Strauss, ed., A Discourse Upon Comedy, The Recruiting Officer, and The Beaux' Stratagem by George Farquhar' (Boston: D.C. Heath & Co., 1914), p. v. Strauss notes t ...

's Restoration comedy ''

The Beaux' Stratagem ''The Beaux' Stratagem'' is a comedy by George Farquhar, first produced at the Theatre Royal, now the site of Her Majesty's Theatre, in the Haymarket, London, on 8 March 1707. In the play, Archer and Aimwell, two young gentlemen who have falle ...

'', which opened at the

Shakespeare Theatre Company The Shakespeare Theatre Company is a Regional theater in the United States, regional theatre company located in Washington, D.C. The theatre company focuses primarily on plays from the William Shakespeare, Shakespeare canon, but its seasons inc ...

in Washington, D.C., in 2006. Also in 2006, he was commissioned by the Bristol Old Vic to write an adaptation of ''

The Three Musketeers ''The Three Musketeers'' () is a French historical adventure novel written and published in 1844 by French author Alexandre Dumas. It is the first of the author's three d'Artagnan Romances. As with some of his other works, he wrote it in col ...

'', which premiered in December of that year. Ludwig wrote an adaptation of

Robert Louis Stevenson Robert Louis Stevenson (born Robert Lewis Balfour Stevenson; 13 November 1850 – 3 December 1894) was a Scottish novelist, essayist, poet and travel writer. He is best known for works such as ''Treasure Island'', ''Strange Case of Dr Jekyll ...

's ''

Treasure Island ''Treasure Island'' (originally titled ''The Sea Cook: A Story for Boys''Hammond, J. R. 1984. "Treasure Island." In ''A Robert Louis Stevenson Companion'', Palgrave Macmillan Literary Companions. London: Palgrave Macmillan. .) is an adventure a ...

'', which premiered at the Alley Theatre in April 2007, played at the Theatre Royal Haymarket on London's West End the following year, and won the 2009 American Alliance for Theatre & Education (AATE) Distinguished Play Award (Category C—Adaptations from existing children's literature primarily for Pre-K and elementary age audiences). His stage adaptation of the George and

Ira Gershwin Ira Gershwin (born Israel Gershovitz; December 6, 1896 – August 17, 1983) was an American lyricist who collaborated with his younger brother, composer George Gershwin, to create some of the most memorable songs in the English language of the ...

film ''

An American in Paris ''An American in Paris'' is a jazz-influenced symphonic poem (or tone poem) for orchestra by American composer George Gershwin first performed in 1928. It was inspired by the time that Gershwin had spent in Paris and evokes the sights and en ...

'' premiered at the Alley Theatre in Houston as ''The Gershwins' An American in Paris'' in May 2008. In 2011, he adapted

Shakespeare William Shakespeare ( 23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's natio ...

's ''

A Midsummer Night's Dream ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' is a Comedy (drama), comedy play written by William Shakespeare in about 1595 or 1596. The play is set in Athens, and consists of several subplots that revolve around the marriage of Theseus and Hippolyta. One s ...

'' into a contemporary American play for high school and college students titled ''Midsummer/Jersey''. At the request of the

Agatha Christie Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, Lady Mallowan, (; 15 September 1890 – 12 January 1976) was an English people, English author known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections, particularly those revolving ...

Estate, Ludwig wrote ''

Murder on the Orient Express ''Murder on the Orient Express'' is a work of detective fiction by English writer Agatha Christie featuring the Belgian detective Hercule Poirot. It was first published in the United Kingdom by the Collins Crime Club on 1 January 1934. In the U ...

'', a stage adaptation of the novel of the same name, which premiered at the McCarter Theatre Center in 2017. In July of the same year, the world premiere of ''Sherwood: The Adventures of

Robin Hood Robin Hood is a legendary noble outlaw, heroic outlaw originally depicted in English folklore and subsequently featured in literature, theatre, and cinema. According to legend, he was a highly skilled archer and swordsman. In some versions o ...

'' opened at The Old Globe in San Diego as a commission from the theatre. '' The Game's Afoot'', Ludwig's comedy-mystery about the actor

William Gillette William Hooker Gillette (July 24, 1853 – April 29, 1937) was an American actor-manager, playwright, and stage manager in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best remembered for portraying Sherlock Holmes on stage and in a 191 ...

, who originated the role of

Sherlock Holmes Sherlock Holmes () is a Detective fiction, fictional detective created by British author Arthur Conan Doyle. Referring to himself as a "Private investigator, consulting detective" in his stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with obser ...

, premiered at the Cleveland Play House in November 2011, and won the 2012 Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Mystery of the Year. He continued his association with the Sherlock Holmes character in two additional plays: ''

Baskerville Baskerville is a serif typeface designed in 1757 by John Baskerville in Birmingham, England, and cut into metal by punchcutter John Handy. Baskerville is classified as a transitional typeface, intended as a refinement of what are now called ...

: A Sherlock Holmes Mystery'' premiered as a co-production at Arena Stage in January 2015 and at McCarter Theatre Center in March 2015; ''Moriarty: A New Sherlock Holmes Adventure'' opened at the Cleveland Play House in April 2023. A new mystery-comedy in the style of ''Baskerville'' and ''Moriarty'', titled ''Lady Molly of Scotland Yard'', will premiere in the 2024-25 theatrical season. The world premiere of his first play for children, ''Twas The Night Before Christmas'', opened at The Adventure Theatre Glen Echo Park, Maryland in November 2011. He and his son, Jack Ludwig, co-wrote an adaptation of

Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English novelist, journalist, short story writer and Social criticism, social critic. He created some of literature's best-known fictional characters, and is regarded by ...

' ''

A Christmas Carol ''A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas'', commonly known as ''A Christmas Carol'', is a novella by Charles Dickens, first published in London by Chapman & Hall in 1843 and illustrated by John Leech. It recounts the ...

'' entitled ''Tiny Tim's Christmas Carol'', which also premiered at The Adventure Theatre, in November 2014. Ludwig's first opera, ''Tenor Overboard'', opened in July 2022 at the Glimmerglass Festival Opera House. Set on an ocean liner in the 1930s, this original opera utilizes music from 15 different operas by Italian composer

Gioachino Rossini Gioachino Antonio Rossini (29 February 1792 – 13 November 1868) was an Italian composer of the late Classical period (music), Classical and early Romantic music, Romantic eras. He gained fame for his 39 operas, although he also wrote man ...

. The world premiere was directed by

Francesca Zambello Francesca Zambello (born August 24, 1956) is an American opera and theatre director. She is the artistic director of Washington National Opera. Early life and education Born in New York City, Zambello lived in Europe when she was a child, learn ...

and conducted by Joseph Colaneri. Other works include ''Sullivan & Gilbert'', which was a co-production of the

Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts The John F. Kennedy Memorial Center for the Performing Arts, commonly known as the Kennedy Center, is the national cultural center of the United States, located on the eastern bank of the Potomac River in Washington, D.C. Opened on September 8, ...

and the

National Arts Centre The National Arts Centre (NAC) () is a Arts centre, performing arts organization in Ottawa, Ontario, along the Rideau Canal. It is based in the eponymous National Arts Centre (building), National Arts Centre building. History The NAC was one ...

of Canada. The play was voted Best Play of 1988 by the Ottawa critics. He wrote a new adaptation of ''Where's Charley?'' for the Kennedy Center. Other early plays include ''Divine Fire'', the story of Abelard and Eloise, and a mystery, ''Postmortem''. He co-wrote the 1990 Kennedy Center Honors, which appeared on CBS television and received an

Emmy Award The Emmy Awards, or Emmys, are an extensive range of awards for artistic and technical merit for the television industry. A number of annual Emmy Award ceremonies are held throughout the year, each with their own set of rules and award categor ...

nomination. Also for television, he wrote a pilot for

Carol Channing Carol Elaine Channing (January 31, 1921 – January 15, 2019) was an American actress, comedian, singer and dancer who starred in Broadway and film musicals. Each of her characters typically possessed a fervent expressiveness and an easily ide ...

. For film, he wrote a ''Lend Me a Tenor'' screenplay for

Columbia Pictures Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc., Trade name, doing business as Columbia Pictures, is an American film Production company, production and Film distributor, distribution company that is the flagship unit of the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group ...

, the original draft of ''The Muppet Movie'' for Disney Films and ''All Shook Up'' for Touchstone Pictures, directed by Frank Oz.

Awards

Ken Ludwig's first play, ''Lend Me a Tenor'', won two Tony Awards in 1989 and was called "one of the classic comedies of the 20th century" by ''The Washington Post''. The original Broadway production of ''Crazy for You'' won three 1992 Tony Awards, including Best Musical, and two 1992 Drama Desk awards, including Outstanding Musical. The original West End production won three 1993 Olivier Awards, including Best New Musical. The first London revival won two 2012 Olivier Awards, including Best Musical Revival. ''Shakespeare in Hollywood'' won the 2004 Charles MacArthur Award for Outstanding New Play or Musical. ''Treasure Island'' won the 2009 American Alliance for Theatre & Education (AATE) Distinguished Play Award (Category C—Adaptations from existing children's literature primarily for Pre-K and elementary age audiences). ''The Game's Afoot'' won the 2012

Edgar Award The Edgar Allan Poe Awards, popularly called the Edgars, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America which is based in New York City. Named after American writer Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), a pioneer in the genre, the awards hon ...

for Best Play from the Mystery Writers of America. He won the 2013 Distinguished Career Award from the Southeastern Theatre Conference. ''Dear Jack, Dear Louise'' won the 2020 Charles MacArthur Award for Outstanding New Play or Musical. In 1997, Ludwig was given the Pennsylvania Governor's Award for Excellence in the Arts, and in 1998, he was given the Edwin Forrest Award for Contributions to the American Theatre. In 2017, he won the Samuel French Award for Sustained Excellence in American Theatre. Ludwig won the Falstaff Award in 2014 for his book ''How to Teach Your Children Shakespeare'', published by Penguin Random House, in the category of "Best Book, Publication, or Recording". Ludwig received an honorary doctorate from

York University York University (), also known as YorkU or simply YU), is a public university, public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is Canada's third-largest university, and it has approximately 53,500 students, 7,000 faculty and staff, ...

. He gives the Annual Ken Ludwig Playwriting Scholarship at the Kennedy Center American College Theater Festival, and he served on the Board of Governors of the

Folger Shakespeare Library The Folger Shakespeare Library is an independent research library on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., United States. It has the world's largest collection of the printed works of William Shakespeare, and is a primary repository for rare materia ...

for ten years.

Personal life

Ludwig lives in Washington, D.C. He is married to Adrienne George, and they have two children. His older brother, Eugene Ludwig, served as President Clinton's Comptroller of the Currency.

Works and credits

Plays

* ''

'' * ''Dear Jack, Dear Louise'' * '' The Gods of Comedy'' * '' Leading Ladies'' * ''Lend Me A Soprano'' * '' Lend Me a Tenor'' * '' Moon Over Buffalo'' * ''Postmortem'' * ''Shakespeare In Hollywood'' (2003) * '' The Fox on the Fairway'' * ''Midsummer/Jersey'' * ''

'' * '' The Game's Afoot'' * ''Twentieth Century'' * '' 'Twas the Night Before Christmas'' * ''The Three Musketeers'' * ''Treasure Island'' * ''The Beaux' Stratagem'' * ''Tiny Tim's Christmas Carol'' * '' Baskerville: A Sherlock Holmes Mystery'' * ''A Comedy of Tenors'' * ''Sherwood: The Adventures of Robin Hood'' * ''Moriarty: A Sherlock Holmes Adventure'' * ''

Death on the Nile ''Death on the Nile'' is a work of detective fiction by British writer Agatha Christie, published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club on 1 November 1937 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company the following year. The UK edition retailed at ...

Musicals

* '' Crazy for You'' (1992) * '' Sullivan and Gilbert'' (1998) * ''

'' (2001) * ''An American in Paris'' (2008)

References

External links

* * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Ludwig, Ken American male dramatists and playwrights American theatre directors American lawyers Writers from York, Pennsylvania Writers of Sherlock Holmes pastiches Harvard Law School alumni Haverford College alumni Year of birth missing (living people) Living people 20th-century American dramatists and playwrights 20th-century American male writers 21st-century American dramatists and playwrights 21st-century American male writers