Alice Beck Kehoe (born 1934,
New York City
New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...
) is a feminist
anthropologist
An anthropologist is a scientist engaged in the practice of anthropology. Anthropologists study aspects of humans within past and present societies. Social anthropology, cultural anthropology and philosophical anthropology study the norms, values ...
and
archaeologist
Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...
. She has done considerable field research among Native American peoples in the upper plains of the US and Canada, and has authored research volumes on Native American archaeology and
Native American history. She is also the author of several general anthropology and archaeology textbooks.
Education
She attended
Barnard College
Barnard College is a Private college, private Women's colleges in the United States, women's Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college affiliated with Columbia University in New York City. It was founded in 1889 by a grou ...
and
Harvard University
Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...
, from which she received her PhD in anthropology. While a student at Barnard, she was influenced by James Ford, Gordon Ekholm, and
Junius Bird; she worked summers at the
American Museum of Natural History
The American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) is a natural history museum on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. Located in Theodore Roosevelt Park, across the street from Central Park, the museum complex comprises 21 interconn ...
Anthropology Department. While at Harvard, she worked with
Gordon Willey
Gordon Randolph Willey (7 March 1913 – 28 April 2002) was an American archaeologist who was described by colleagues as the "dean" of New World archaeology.Sabloff 2004, p.406 Willey performed fieldwork at excavations in South America, Central A ...
and Evon Vogt. Many of her influences have been colleagues such as
David H. Kelley, Jane Kelley, Jennifer Brown,
Robert L. Hall, Carl Johannesen and George F. Carter and his student Stephen C. Jett.
Career
Kehoe taught at the
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
The University of Nebraska–Lincoln (Nebraska, NU, or UNL) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Lincoln, Nebraska, United States. Chartered in 1869 by the Nebraska Legislature as part of the M ...
before teaching at
Marquette University
Marquette University () is a Private university, private Jesuit research university in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. It was established as Marquette College on August 28, 1881, by John Henni, the first Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Ar ...
, from which she retired in 2000 as professor
emeritus
''Emeritus/Emerita'' () is an honorary title granted to someone who retires from a position of distinction, most commonly an academic faculty position, but is allowed to continue using the previous title, as in "professor emeritus".
In some c ...
. She resides in
Milwaukee
Milwaukee is the List of cities in Wisconsin, most populous city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Located on the western shore of Lake Michigan, it is the List of United States cities by population, 31st-most populous city in the United States ...
, Wisconsin. Kehoe has held offices with the
American Anthropological Association
The American Anthropological Association (AAA) is an American organization of scholars and practitioners in the field of anthropology. With 10,000 members, the association, based in Arlington, Virginia, includes archaeologists, cultural anthropo ...
(AAA), and was president of the
Central States Anthropological Society (CSAS).
Kehoe has studied many aspects of Native America and is a strong believer in the theoretical link between the
Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
Southeastern Ceremonial Complex (formerly Southern Cult, Southern Death Cult or Buzzard Cult), abbreviated S.E.C.C., is the name given by modern scholars to the regional stylistic similarity of artifacts, iconography, ceremonies, and mythology of ...
(SECC) (of the Native southeastern U.S.) and
Mesoamerica
Mesoamerica is a historical region and cultural area that begins in the southern part of North America and extends to the Pacific coast of Central America, thus comprising the lands of central and southern Mexico, all of Belize, Guatemala, El S ...
(
Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
and
Central America
Central America is a subregion of North America. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering Mexico to the north, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. Central America is usually ...
). Her principal area of interest is the archaeology and cultures of the northwestern plains of the U.S. While searching for an ethnographic research topic for her dissertation, she happened upon the Saskatchewan Dakota New Tidings
Ghost Dance. Kehoe has worked many years with the Blackfeet of the
Blackfeet Indian Reservation
The Blackfeet Nation (, ), officially named the Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana, is a federally recognized tribe of Siksikaitsitapi people with an Indian reservation in Montana. Tribal members primarily belong ...
, an
Algonquian Native American group of Browning,
Montana
Montana ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota to the east, South Dakota to the southeast, Wyoming to the south, an ...
, with whom she visits each year to study their history and culture. She has studied Native American spiritual healers ("medicine people") and worked with Piakwutch, "an elderly deeply respected
Cree
The Cree, or nehinaw (, ), are a Indigenous peoples of the Americas, North American Indigenous people, numbering more than 350,000 in Canada, where they form one of the country's largest First Nations in Canada, First Nations. They live prim ...
man who served his
Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province in Western Canada. It is bordered on the west by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, to the northeast by Nunavut, and to the south by the ...
Cree community...".
She has also worked among Native Americans of
Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...
at
Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca (; ; ) is a large freshwater lake in the Andes mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru. It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world. Titicaca is the largest lake in South America, both in terms of the volume of ...
, where she chewed
coca
Coca is any of the four cultivated plants in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to western South America. Coca is known worldwide for its psychoactive alkaloid, cocaine. Coca leaves contain cocaine which acts as a mild stimulant when chewed or ...
leaves with Native women of the region.
Kehoe has taken some contrarian or controversial positions throughout her career. One of the original proponents of
feminist archaeology
Feminist archaeology employs a feminist perspective in interpreting past societies. It often focuses on gender, but also considers gender in tandem with other factors, such as sexuality, race, or class. Feminist archaeology has critiqued the ...
, she coedited with
Sarah Milledge Nelson one of the first collections of feminist archaeology papers, ''Powers of Observation'' in 1990. An interest in pre-Columbian transoceanic contacts led to her meeting Richard Nielsen, who asked her to advise on archaeological aspects while testing the
Kensington Runestone of
Minnesota
Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...
. Though a majority of relevant scholars have concluded the Runestone is a 19th Century hoax,
nevertheless there remains a community convinced of the stone's authenticity.
[ "Det finnes en liten klikk med amerikanere som sverger til at steinen er ekte. De er stort sett skandinaviskættede realister uten peiling på språk, og de har store skarer med tilhengere." Translation: "There is a small clique of Americans who swear to the stone's authenticity. They are mainly natural scientists of Scandinavian descent with no knowledge of linguistics, and they have large numbers of adherents."] Kehoe has stated that "The significance of a study of the [Kensington Runestone is its illumination of struggle between popular knowledge and scientific research. For those who can look at the case, as did Newton Winchell, Robert A. Hall, Jr., and Richard Nielsen, the probability that those Norse were at [Kensington) is a fruitful hypothesis, collating data in new configurations and opening up intriguing new research questions."
>
In 2016, Kehoe was honored by the Plains Anthropological Association with its Distinguished Service Award for her "enduring work in Anthropology and Archaeology of the Great Plains" (wording on plaque presented to Kehoe). Her memoir of her career as a woman in American archaeology, Girl Archaeologist: Sisterhood in a Sexist Profession, was published in 2022 by University of Nebraska Press.
Works
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*Nelson, Sarah M. and Kehoe, Alice Beck, eds. (1990) ''Powers of Observation: Alternative Views of Archaeology''. Archaeological Papers of AAA Archaeology Division 2. Washington: American Anthropological Association.
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* Second edition titled North America Before the European Invasions, published 2017 by Routledge, New York.
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References
External links
* Biographical sketch o
Alice Beck Kehoeat th
Scientific Americanwebsite (December 16, 2008)
* Hasan, Md. Mahmudul. (2022). Alice Beck Kehoe's ''Girl Archaeologist'' and gender relations in US society. ''The Daily Star'', 8 October 2022. p. 14. https://www.thedailystar.net/star-literature/news/alice-beck-kehoes-girl-archaeologist-and-gender-relations-us-society-3137746
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kehoe, Alice Beck.
1934 births
Scientists from Milwaukee
American archaeologists
University of Nebraska–Lincoln faculty
Marquette University faculty
Barnard College alumni
Harvard University alumni
Living people
Writers from Nebraska
Writers from New York City
Writers from Milwaukee
American anthropologists
American women anthropologists
American women archaeologists
American women academics
21st-century American women