Kedaragaula (pronounced kēdāragaula) is a

rāga A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. It is central to classical Indian music. Each raga consists of an array of melodic structures with musical motifs; and, fro ...

m in

Carnatic music Carnatic music (known as or in the Dravidian languages) is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and southern Odisha. It is o ...

(musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a ''

janya ''Janya'' is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a ''janya raga'' is one derived from one of the 72 '' melakarta'' ragas (fundamental melodic structures). ''Janya'' ragas are classified into various types based on a vari ...

'' rāgam (derived scale) from the 28th ''

melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales ( ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be derived. A ''melaka ...

'' scale ''

Harikambhoji Harikambhoji (pronounced harikāmbhōji) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 28th ''Melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. One of the first scales employed ...

'', and is sometimes spelled as Kedaragowla. It is a ''janya'' scale, as it does not have all the seven ''

swara Swara () or svara is an Indian classical music term that connotes simultaneously a breath, a vowel, a note, the sound of a musical note corresponding to its name, and the successive steps of the octave, or ''saptanka''. More comprehensively ...

s'' (musical notes) in the ascending scale. It is a combination of the pentatonic scale ''

Madhyamavati Madhyamavati (madhyamāvati) is a raga in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is an ''audava'' rāga (or ''owdava'' rāga, meaning pentatonic scale), as it does not have all the seven musical notes (''swaras''). ...

'' and the ''

sampurna raga In Indian classical music, Sampūrṇa rāgas (संपूर्ण, Sanskrit for 'complete', also spelt as ''sampoorna'') have all seven ''swaras'' in their scale. In general, the swaras in the ''Arohana'' and ''Avarohana'' strictly follow the a ...

'' scale ''Harikambhoji''. It is a morning rāgam.

Structure and Lakshana

''Kedaragaula'' is an asymmetric rāgam that does not contain ''gandharam'' and ''dhaivatam'' in the ascending scale. It is an ''audava-sampurna'' rāgam (or ''owdava'' rāgam, meaning pentatonic ascending scale). Its ' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows: * : * : The notes used in this scale are ''shadjam, chathusruthi rishabham, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam'' and ''kaisiki nishadham'' in ascending scale, with ''chatusruti dhaivatam'' and ''antara gandharam'' included in descending scale. For the details of the notations and terms, see ''swaras'' in Carnatic music.

Popular Compositions

There are many compositions set to ''Kedaragaula''

Raga A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. It is central to classical Indian music. Each raga consists of an array of melodic structures with musical motifs; and, fro ...

. Here are some popular ''

kritis A ''kriti'' () is a form of musical composition in the Carnatic music literature. The Sanskrit common noun ''Kriti'' means 'creation' or 'work'. A kriti forms the mental backbone of any typical Carnatic music concert and is the longer format o ...

'' composed in this

. *''Tulasi Bilva Mallikadi'', ''O Jagannaatha'', ''Karunaajaladhi'' and ''Venugaanaloluni'' composed by

Tyagaraja Sadguru Tyagaraja Swami ( Telugu: సద్గురు త్యాగరాజ స్వామి; 4 May 1767 – 6 January 1847), also known as Tyagayya, and in full as Kakarla Tyagabrahmam ( Telugu: కాకర్ల త్యాగబ ...

*''Paraakela Nannu'' by

Shyama Shastri Syama Sastri ( Telugu : శ్యామ శాస్త్రి; ; 26 April 1762 – 1827) or Shyama Shastri was a musician and composer of Carnatic music. He was the oldest among the Trinity of Carnatic music, Tyagaraja and Muthuswami Dikshi ...

*''Neelakantham'', ''Nilotpalambikayai'' and ''Abhayambikayah Anyam Najane'' by

Muthuswami Dikshitar Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar) (, 24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar, was a South Indian poet, singer, veena player, and a prolific composer of Indian classical music. He was the youngest member of what is re ...

*''Koluvudi Bhakthi, Ethadu O Ramudu, Aadaramma Paadaramma, Suvi Suvi and Madhavunaku Mangalam'' by

Annamacharya Tallapaka Annamacharya () (09 May 1408 – 23 February 1503), also popularly known as Annamayya, was a Telugu musician, composer, and a Hindu saint. He is the earliest known Indian musician to compose songs called '' samkirtanas.'' His devoti ...

*''Veekshithoham'' by

Oothukkadu Venkata Kavi Oothukkaadu Venkata Kavi (-1765) or Oottukkaadu Venkata Subramanyar was one of the pioneering composers in Indian classical Carnatic music. He lived in South India in the present-day state of Tamil Nadu. Also known by the name Oothukkaadu V ...

*''Taavaka Naamaani, Deva Maamayi and Jalajanabha Mamava by Maharaja

Swathi Thirunal Sri Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma III (16 April 1813 – 26 December 1846) was the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Travancore. He was a great musician and composer who has to his credit over 400 classical compositions in both Carnatic and Hindustani st ...

*''Saraguna Paalimpa'' by

Poochi Srinivasa Iyengar Poochi Srinivasa Iyengar (1860 - 1919), whose real name was Ramanathapuram Srinivasa Iyengar, was a singer and composer of Carnatic music. Early life He was born in Ramanathapuram in Tamil Nadu on August 16, 1860. He studied music under Patna ...

*''Thandhani Karattai'' by Harini as a devotional composed by Manachanallur Giridharan *''Emi gavalene manasa'' by Gnanananda Teertha (Ogirala Veera Raghava Sarma) *''Samikku Sari Evvare'', ''Sangeetha Trimurthigalai'' and ''Aananda Natamidum Padan'' by

Papanasam Sivan Paapanaasam Raamayya Sivan (26 September 1890 – 1 October 1973) was an Indian composer of Carnatic music and a singer. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in 1971. He was also a film score composer in Kannada cinema a ...

*''Natanam Sheyyum Padanar'' by Ramaswami Sivan *''Gaanakala Viduni'' by

Kalyani Varadarajan Kalyani Varadarajan (8 October 1923 – 28 October 2003), commonly known as Kalyani, was one of Carnatic music's famous twentieth-century composers. She created carnatic compositions in all 72 melakarta ragas, besides scores of janya ragas. Ear ...

*''Anda Rama Soundariyam'' and ''Vittu Vidada Seethaiyai'' by

Arunachala Kavi Arunachala Kavi () (1711–1779) was a Tamil poet and a composer of Carnatic music. He was born in Tillaiyadi in Thanjavur District in Tamil Nadu and . The three Tamil composers Arunachala Kavi, Muthu Thandavar and Marimutthu Pillai are cons ...

*''Jaya Jaya Gajamukha Laavanyasaara'' by Kumaramangalam Vid. Srinivasaraghavan Here are some ''

Javali Carnatic music (known as or in the Dravidian languages) is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and southern Odisha. It is o ...

s'' composed in this

: *''Era Tagunatara and Ayyo Vibhudu'', are

s by

Dharmapuri Subbarayar Dharmapuri Jaavali Subbarayar was a composer of Carnatic music who lived during the nineteenth century. He composed mainly in the Telugu language and used ''Dharmapuri'', the name of his birthplace and a city in Tamil Nadu, as his ''mudra''. Co ...

*''Kopametula'', a

Pattabhiramayya Pattabhiramayya was a nineteenth-century composer of Carnatic music. He composed in Tamil, Telugu and Kannada languages. He was born in the village of Tiruppanandal near Kumbakonam in Tamil Nadu, India. He composed many songs in the style of ''j ...

*''Kalakannadu'', a

Here is a ''Padam'' composed in this

: *''Bhamaro(Padam)'' by

Kshetrayya Kshetrayya (–1680) was a prolific Telugu poet. He lived in the area of Andhra Pradesh in South India. He composed a number of ''padams'' and ''keertanas'', the prevalent formats of his time. He is credited with more than 4000 compositions, ...

Here are some ''

Tillana A Tillana or thillana is a rhythmic piece in South Indian Carnatic music that is generally performed at the end of a concert and widely used in classical indian dance performances. It was popularised by Dr. M Balamuralikrishna, Lalgudi Jayaraman ...

s'' composed in this

: *''

'' by Walajapet

Venkataramana Bhagavathar Venkataramana Bhagavathar (1781–1874) was a direct disciple of Saint Thyagaraja and a composer of Carnatic music. Bhagavathar composed his songs in Saurashtra language and has left behind a number of ''kritis''. Early life Bhagavathar was born ...

*''

'' by Natyacharya Guru Late Sri S Aravindan *''

'' by Bokka Kumaraswamy Here are some ''

Varnam Varṇam is a type of composition in the Carnatic music system that encapsulates the key features of a raga, and considered as a foundational element in the learning path. Varnams capture the essence of the ragam in terms of typical swara patt ...

s'' composed in this

: *''Sami Dayajuda'' by

Tiruvottriyur Tyagayyar Tiruvottriyur Tyagayyar (1845–1917) was a Carnatic music composer. He was the son of the composer Veena Kuppayyar. His style was very much similar to that of tyagaraja just like his father. He was also known as 'Mutyalapeta Tyagayyar' based on ...

Adi tala {{Carnatic Adi tala (Sanskrit: ''ādi tāḷa'', Kannada: ಆದಿ ತಾಳ, literally "primary rhythm" also spelled aadi taalam or adi talam) is the name of one of the most popular tala or rhythms used in Carnatic Music Carnatic music ...

*''Viriboni Nee Pai'' by

in ''Mishra Jhampa'' Tala *''Sami Neeye Gathi'' by

Koteeswara Iyer Koteeswara Iyer (1869 - 1938), was a pioneer composer of Indian classical music Carnatic music. He was a grandson of Kavi Kunjara Bharati(1810–1896) attributing to a strong lineage of accomplished musicians. He was born in Nandhanur to Nagarat ...

Related Rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Scale similarities

*''

'' has a symmetric pentatonic scale, with the notes same as the ascending scale of ''Kedaragaula''. Its ' structure is S R2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 P M1 R2 S *'' Yadhukula kambhoji'' is a rāgam which has the ''chatushruthi dhaivatam'' in ascending scale in place of the ''kaisiki nishadham''. Its ' structure is S R2 M1 P D2 S : S N2 D2 N2 P M1 G3 R2 S

Notes

References

*Book Devi Gana Sudha in Telugu, Tamil by Gnanananda Teertha (Ogirala Veera Raghava Sarma) {{Janya, state=collapsed Janya ragas