Kazimierz Sichulski (17 January 1879 – 6 November 1942) was a Polish painter, lithographer and

caricaturist A caricaturist is an artist who specializes in drawing caricatures. List of caricaturists * Abed Abdi (born 1942) * Abril Lamarque (1904–1999) * Al Hirschfeld (1903–2003) * Alex Gard (1900–1948) * Alexander Saroukhan (1898–1977) * Alfre ...

; associated with the

Young Poland Young Poland ( ) was a modernist period in Polish visual arts, literature and music, covering roughly the years between 1890 and 1918. It was a result of strong aesthetic opposition to the earlier ideas of Positivism. Young Poland promoted tre ...

movement. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the

1928 Summer Olympics The 1928 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the IX Olympiad (), was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated from 28 July to 12 August 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The city of Amsterdam had previously bid for ...

Biography

Sichulski was born on 17 January 1879, in

Lviv Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of ...

. His father was a railway engineer, who died while Kazimierz was still a small child. For a short time, he studied law at the

University of Lviv The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (named after Ivan Franko, ) is a state-sponsored university in Lviv, Ukraine. Since 1940 the university is named after Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko. The university is the oldest institution of highe ...

, but did not return there after serving his mandatory stint with the Austro-Hungarian Army.Brief biography
@ the Internetowy Polski Słownik Biograficzny. From 1900 to 1908, he studied at the

Kraków Academy of Fine Arts The Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków (, usually abbreviated to ''ASP''), is a public institution of higher education located in the centre of Kraków, Poland. It is the oldest Polish fine art academy, established in 1818 and granted f ...

under

Leon Wyczółkowski Leon Jan Wyczółkowski (; 11 April 1852 – 27 December 1936) was a Polish painter and educator who was one of the leading painters of the Young Poland movement, as well as the principal representative of Polish Realism (arts), Realism in art of ...

Józef Mehoffer Józef Mehoffer (19 March 1869 – 8 July 1946) was a Polish painter and decorative artist, one of the leading artists of the Young Poland movement and one of the most revered Polish artists of his time. Life Mehoffer was born in Ropczyce ...

and

Stanisław Wyspiański Stanisław Mateusz Ignacy Wyspiański (; 15 January 1869 – 28 November 1907) was a Polish playwright, painter, poet, and interior and furniture designer. A patriotic writer, he created symbolic national dramas accordant with the artisti ...

. He received a scholarship and continued his studies in Rome, Munich and Paris at the

Académie Colarossi The Académie Colarossi (1870–1930) was an art school in Paris founded in 1870 by the Italian model and sculptor Filippo Colarossi. It was originally located on the Île de la Cité, and it moved in 1879 to 10 rue de la Grande-Chaumière in the ...

.Brief biography
@ Culture.pl During this time, he married an actress named Bronisława Rudlicka (1875–1920). He made his début in 1903 at a showing of the

Kraków Society of Friends of Fine Arts The Kraków Society of Friends of Fine Arts (, TPSP) is a social group of artists, artisans and their supporters founded in Kraków in 1854, under the Austrian Partition of Poland. Today, the Society operates from the Art Nouveau Palace of Art ere ...

. From then until 1905, he also worked as a cartoonist for the short-lived satirical magazine, ''Liberum Veto''. In 1905, he became one of the founding members of the artistic circle at the ''

Zielony Balonik Zielony Balonik (literally, ''the Green Balloon'') was a popular literary cabaret founded in Kraków by the local poets, writers and artists during the final years of the Partitions of Poland. The venue was a gourmet restaurant of Apolinary J. Mic ...

'' (Green Balloon) cabaret and joined the

Society of Polish Artists "Sztuka" The Society of Polish Artists "Sztuka" () founded in 1897 in Kraków, was a gathering of prominent Polish visual artists from around the turn of the century (or fin-de-siècle era) living under the foreign partitions of Poland The Partitions ...

. While visiting Vienna, he joined the

Hagenbund The Hagenbund or Künstlerbund Hagen was a group of Austrian artists that formed in 1899. The group's name derived from the name Herr Hagen, the proprietor of an inn in Vienna which they frequented. Early history The group's most prominent member ...

and was a member until 1921. Kazimierz Sichulski - Niedziela 1907

In 1905, he and some fellow artists also paid a visit to ; home of the

Hutsuls The Hutsuls (Hutsul/; ; ) are an East Slavic ethnic group spanning parts of western Ukraine and northern Romania (i.e. parts of Bukovina and Maramureș). In Ukraine, they have often been officially and administratively designated a subgro ...

. This resulted in a lifetime fascination with their culture and customs. Some of his best-known paintings are depictions of their folk costumes. During World War I, he fought in the Polish Legions as the commander of an artillery platoon. He also worked at the

Supreme National Committee The Supreme National Committee (, ''NKN'') was a quasi-government for the Poles in Galicia, Austro-Hungarian Empire, from 1914 to 1917. History Created on 16 August 1914, the Supreme National Committee replaced the Temporary Commission of Confede ...

and served as an artist for the 3rd Battalion. Later, he became a

warrant officer Warrant officer (WO) is a Military rank, rank or category of ranks in the armed forces of many countries. Depending on the country, service, or historical context, warrant officers are sometimes classified as the most junior of the commissioned ...

in the Austrian Army, serving at the Ministry of Defense. In 1916, his childless marriage ended in divorce and he remarried into a noble family. From 1920 to 1930, he was a teacher at the in

then, from 1930 to 1939, taught at his alma mater in Kraków; becoming a Professor in 1937. The following year, he was awarded the "Golden Laurel" by the

Polish Academy of Literature The Polish Academy of Literature () was one of the most important state institutions of literary life in the Second Polish Republic, operating between 1933 and 1939 with the headquarters in Warsaw. It was founded by the decree of the Council of ...

for his contributions to Polish art. After the

Occupation of Poland Occupation commonly refers to: *Occupation (human activity), or job, one's role in society, often a regular activity performed for payment *Occupation (protest), political demonstration by holding public or symbolic spaces *Military occupation, th ...

he lost his position and his health began to deteriorate. He died at home of heart disease after a brief stay in the hospital on 6 November 1942, in Lviv.

Works

Genres

File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Cottage - MP 2254 - National Museum in Warsaw.jpg,

Landscape A landscape is the visible features of an area of land, its landforms, and how they integrate with natural or human-made features, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.''New Oxford American Dictionary''. A landscape includes th ...

: ''Cottage''; 1900s,

oil An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) and lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturate ...

on canvas, 76 × 74 cm,

National Museum, Warsaw The National Museum in Warsaw (, MNW) is a national museum in Warsaw, one of the largest museums in Poland and the largest in the capital. It comprises a rich collection of ancient art (Art of ancient Egypt, Egyptian, Art in ancient Greece, Greek, ...

. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Ryby 1908.jpg,

Animal Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Biology, biological Kingdom (biology), kingdom Animalia (). With few exceptions, animals heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, ...

s: ''Fish''; 1908,

pastel A pastel () is an art medium that consists of powdered pigment and a binder (material), binder. It can exist in a variety of forms, including a stick, a square, a pebble, and a pan of color, among other forms. The pigments used in pastels are ...

on paperboard, 82 × 63 cm,

National Museum, Poznań National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Portrait of Maria Sobolewska - MNK II-b-675 - National Museum Kraków.jpg,

Portraiture A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face is always predominant. In arts, a portrait may be represented as half body and even full body. If the subject in full body better re ...

: ''Portrait of Maria Sobolewska''; 1918,

tempera Tempera (), also known as egg tempera, is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous material such as egg yolk. ''Tempera'' also refers to the paintings done in ...

on plank, 45 × 37 cm,

National Museum, Kraków National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, c ...

. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Vision of Saint Hubert, 1920s.jpg,

Religious Religion is a range of social- cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relate humanity to supernatural ...

: ''Vision of St. Hubert''; 1920s, oil on canvas, 154 x 104 cm, private collection. File:Kazimierz Sichulski Bachanalie 1924.jpg,

History painting History painting is a genre in painting defined by its subject matter rather than any artistic style or specific period. History paintings depict a moment in a narrative story, most often (but not exclusively) Greek and Roman mythology and B ...

: ''

Bacchanalia The Bacchanalia were unofficial, privately funded popular Roman festivals of Bacchus, based on various ecstatic elements of the Greek Dionysia. They were almost certainly associated with Rome's native cult of Liber, and probably arrived in R ...

''; 1924, tempera on cardboard, 69 × 98 cm,

Lviv National Art Gallery Borys Voznytsky Lviv National Art Gallery () is the largest art museum in Ukraine, with over 62,000 artworks in its collection, including works of Ukrainian, Polish, Italian, French, German, Dutch and Flemish, Spanish, Austrian and other European ...

. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - My Studio (Still Life), 1933.jpg,

Still life A still life (: still lifes) is a work of art depicting mostly wikt:inanimate, inanimate subject matter, typically commonplace objects which are either natural (food, flowers, dead animals, plants, rocks, shells, etc.) or artificiality, human-m ...

: ''My Studio (Still Life)''; 1933,

on plywood, 105 cm × 72 cm,

private collection A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items. In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual ...

. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Symbolic Scene, Ishtar with Gilgamesh.jpg,

Allegory As a List of narrative techniques, literary device or artistic form, an allegory is a wikt:narrative, narrative or visual representation in which a character, place, or event can be interpreted to represent a meaning with moral or political signi ...

: ''Symbolic Scene,

Ishtar Inanna is the List of Mesopotamian deities, ancient Mesopotamian goddess of war, love, and fertility. She is also associated with political power, divine law, sensuality, and procreation. Originally worshipped in Sumer, she was known by the Akk ...

with

Gilgamesh Gilgamesh (, ; ; originally ) was a hero in ancient Mesopotamian mythology and the protagonist of the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'', an epic poem written in Akkadian during the late 2nd millennium BC. He was possibly a historical king of the Sumer ...

''; 20th-century,

watercolour Watercolor (American English) or watercolour ( Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), also ''aquarelle'' (; from Italian diminutive of Latin 'water'), is a painting method"Watercolor may be as old as art itself, going back to the ...

and crayon on paper, 68 × 50 cm, private collection.

Hutsul depictions

File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Czarne jagnię.jpg, Animal: ''Black Lamb''; 1905, National Museum, Poznań. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Bust of Hutsul, 1906.jpg, Portraiture: ''Bust of Hutsul''; 1906, National Museum, Kraków. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Shepherd, 1906.jpg, Landscape: ''Shepherd''; 1906, oil on canvas, 98 × 132 cm, District Museum, Lublin. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Hutsul Wedding, 1909.jpg,

Genre painting Genre painting (or petit genre) is the painting of genre art, which depicts aspects of everyday life by portraying ordinary people engaged in common activities. One common definition of a genre scene is that it shows figures to whom no identity ca ...

: ''Hutsul Wedding''; 1909, . File:Kazimierz Sichulski - The Hutsul Madonna triptych, 1909.jpg, Religious: ''The Hutsul Madonna''

triptych A triptych ( ) is a work of art (usually a panel painting) that is divided into three sections, or three carved panels that are hinged together and can be folded shut or displayed open. It is therefore a type of polyptych, the term for all m ...

; 1909, tempera and pastel on paper laid down on canvas, 167 × 270 cm,

Österreichische Galerie Belvedere The Österreichische Galerie Belvedere is a museum housed in the Belvedere (palace), Belvedere palace, in Vienna, Austria. The Belvedere palaces were the summer residence of Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663–1736). The ensemble was built in the ear ...

Styles

File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Spring triptych, 1909.jpg,

: ''Spring'' triptych; 1909, tempera and pastel on cardboard, 145 × 231 cm, National Museum, Warsaw. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Adoration of the Magi triptych, 1913.jpg,

Art Nouveau Art Nouveau ( ; ; ), Jugendstil and Sezessionstil in German, is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and ...

: ''

Adoration of the Magi The Adoration of the Magi or Adoration of the Kings or Visitation of the Wise Men is the name traditionally given to the subject in the Nativity of Jesus in art in which the three Magi, represented as kings, especially in the West, having fo ...

'' triptych; 1913, watercolour and tempera on paper laid down on canvas, 154 × 312 cm, National Museum, Warsaw. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - Adoration of the Shepherds triptych, 1938.jpg,

Impressionism Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by visible brush strokes, open Composition (visual arts), composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage ...

: '' Adoration of the Shepherds'' triptych; 1938, oil on canvas, 102 × 222 cm, private collection.

Other works

File:Zielony Balonik - Kazimierz Sichulski.jpg,

Caricature A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through sketching, pencil strokes, or other artistic drawings (compare to: cartoon). Caricatures can be either insulting or complimentary, ...

: ''At the Green Balloon''; 1908, oil on canvas, 147 × 204 cm,

Adam Mickiewicz Museum of Literature, Warsaw The Adam Mickiewicz Museum of Literature () is a museum named for noted Polish poet and essayist Adam Mickiewicz in Warsaw, Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea ...

. File:Sichulski str13.jpg,

Lithograph Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the miscibility, immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by ...

: ''Peacock Autolithograph''; 1925. File:Kazimierz Sichulski - St. Barbara, 1929.jpg,

Woodcut Woodcut is a relief printing technique in printmaking. An artist carves an image into the surface of a block of wood—typically with gouges—leaving the printing parts level with the surface while removing the non-printing parts. Areas that ...

: '' St. Barbara''; 1929, wood, 41 × 28 cm, private collection.

References

External links

More paintings by Sichulski
@ Pinakoteka
"Гуцульська сецесія Казимира Сіхульського"
(Hutsul Art Nouveau by Kazimierz Sichulski) from '' День'' by Yarolav Kravchenko {{DEFAULTSORT:Sichulski, Kazimierz 1879 births 1942 deaths 19th-century Polish painters 19th-century Polish male artists 20th-century Polish painters 20th-century Polish male artists Golden Laurel of the Polish Academy of Literature Académie Colarossi alumni Polish portrait painters Polish caricaturists Artists from Lviv 20th-century Polish printmakers Art competitors at the 1928 Summer Olympics Polish male painters Polish legionnaires (World War I) Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I