Karl Langer, Ritter von Edenberg (15 April 1819,

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

– 8 December 1887) was an Austrian

anatomist Anatomy () is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old scien ...

. He is known for his work in the field of topographical anatomy. He studied medicine at the Universities of

and

Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...

, afterwards working as a

prosector A prosector is a person with the special task of preparing a dissection for demonstration, usually in medical schools or hospitals. Many important anatomists began their careers as prosectors working for lecturers and demonstrators in anatomy and ...

in Vienna under

Joseph Hyrtl Josef Hyrtl (7 December 1810 – 17 July 1894) was an Austrian anatomist. Biography Hyrtl was born at Kismarton, Hungary (now Eisenstadt, Austria). He began his medical studies in Vienna in 1831, having received his preliminary education in ...

(1810–1894). In 1856 he became a professor at the Josephinum, later serving as director of the second institute of anatomy at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (, ) is a public university, public research university in Vienna, Austria. Founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria, Duke Rudolph IV in 1365, it is the oldest university in the German-speaking world and among the largest ...

(1870–74). In 1874 he succeeded Hyrtl as director of the first institute of anatomy. With Christian August Voigt (1808–1890), he was tasked with planning for construction of a new Viennese anatomical institute.

Selected writings

* ''Zur Anatomie und Physiologie der Haut'', 1861 – later translated into English as "The anatomy and physiology of the skin" (1943). * ''Wachsthum des menschlichen Skeletes mit Bezug auf den Riesen'', 1872 – Growth of the

human skeleton The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton makes up ab ...

with respect to

gigantism Gigantism (, ''gígas'', "wiktionary:giant, giant", plural γίγαντες, ''gígantes''), also known as giantism, is a condition characterized by excessive growth and height significantly above average height, average. In humans, this conditi ...

. * ''Lehrbuch der systematischen und topographischen Anatomie'', 1882 – Textbook of systematic and topographical anatomy. * ''Anatomie der äusseren Formen des menschlichen Körpers'', 1884 – Anatomy of the external forms of the human body.

Anatomical terms

* Langer's arch: Also known as the "pectorodorsalis muscle" or as the "

axilla The axilla (: axillae or axillas; also known as the armpit, underarm or oxter) is the area on the human body directly under the shoulder joint. It includes the axillary space, an anatomical space within the shoulder girdle between the arm a ...

ry arch muscle". *

Langer lines Langer is a surname originally of German origin. For the etymology, meaning, and pronunciation of the name, and for the Hiberno-English slang word, see Wiktionary. People with the family name Langer include: Academics and scientists * Alois La ...

: Cleavage lines that correspond to the alignment of

collagen fiber Type I collagen is the most abundant collagen of the human body, consisting of around 90% of the body's total collagen in vertebrates. Due to this, it is also the most abundant protein type found in all vertebrates. Type I forms large, eosinop ...

s within the

dermis The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis (skin), epidermis (with which it makes up the cutis (anatomy), cutis) and subcutaneous tissues, that primarily consists of dense irregular connective tissue and cushions the body from s ...

.Mondofacto Dictionary
(definition of eponyms)

References

Notes

@ Deutsche Biographie {{DEFAULTSORT:Langer, Karl Austrian anatomists Biologists from Austria-Hungary Scientists from the Austrian Empire Scientists from Vienna Academic staff of the University of Vienna 1819 births 1887 deaths University of Vienna alumni Charles University alumni 19th-century anatomists 19th-century Austrian biologists