Karl Ernst Ranke (29 January 1870 in

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...

– 9 November 1926 in Munich) was a German internist,

pediatrician Pediatrics ( also spelled ''paediatrics'' or ''pædiatrics'') is the branch of medicine that involves the medical care of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. In the United Kingdom, paediatrics covers many of their youth until th ...

and

pulmonologist Pulmonology (, , from Latin ''pulmō, -ōnis'' "lung" and the Greek suffix "study of"), pneumology (, built on Greek πνεύμων "lung") or pneumonology () is a medical specialty that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract.

known for his research of

tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in w ...

. He was the son of anthropologist

Johannes Ranke Johannes Ranke (23 August 1836, Thurnau – 26 July 1916, Munich) was a German physiologist and anthropologist. He was the son of theologian Friedrich Heinrich Ranke (1798–1876), the brother of pediatrician Heinrich von Ranke (1830–1909) ...

(1836–1916). In 1896 he received his medical doctorate from the

University of Munich The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (simply University of Munich or LMU; german: link=no, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Originally established as the University of ...

, then spent the following year as an assistant to his uncle,

Heinrich von Ranke Heinrich von Ranke (8 May 1830, Rückersdorf – 13 May 1909, Munich) was a German physiologist and pediatrician. He was the son of theologian Friedrich Heinrich Ranke (1798-1876) and the brother of anthropologist Johannes Ranke (1836-1916) ...

(1830–1909), at the pediatric clinic in Munich. Afterwards, he was in charge of an anthropological research expedition to

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

. Following his return to Germany, he spent two additional years as an assistant in the pediatric clinic, then relocated to

Arosa, Switzerland , neighboring_municipalities= Alvaneu, Davos, Langwies, Lantsch/Lenz, Molinis, Peist, Schmitten, Tschiertschen, Vaz/Obervaz, Wiesen , twintowns = Fukumitsu (Japan) Arosa is a town and a municipality in the Plessur Region in the canton o ...

, where he worked as a doctor in a tuberculosis sanatorium.Karl Ernst Ranke
at

Who Named It ''Whonamedit?'' is an online English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though it is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliograp ...

Ranke, Karl Ernst
at Deutsche Biographie In 1906, he returned to Munich, where he practiced pediatrics, and specialized in diseases of the lung. In 1915 he earned his habilitation in internal medicine at Munich, and in 1921 became an associate professor. At Munich, he was director of the ''Fürsorgestelle für Lungenkranke''. During the last decade of his life, he immersed himself in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. He is remembered for introducing the hypothesis that lung tuberculosis develops in three stages — referred to as ''Ranke Dreistadienlehre'' (also known as "Ranke's stages of tuberculosis"). His name is also associated with the so-called "

Ranke complex Ghon's complex is a lesion seen in the lung that is caused by tuberculosis. The lesions consist of a Ghon focus along with pulmonary lymphadenopathy within a nearby pulmonary lymph node. A Ghons complex retains viable bacteria, making them sources ...

", defined as a combination of late fibrocalcific lesions of the lung and

lymph node A lymph node, or lymph gland, is a kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system and the adaptive immune system. A large number of lymph nodes are linked throughout the body by the lymphatic vessels. They are major sites of lymphocytes that inc ...

that evolve from the

Ghon complex Ghon's complex is a lesion seen in the lung that is caused by tuberculosis. The lesions consist of a Ghon focus along with pulmonary lymphadenopathy within a nearby pulmonary lymph node. A Ghons complex retains viable bacteria, making them sources ...

Selected works

* ''Über die Einwirkung des Tropenklimas auf die Ernährung des Menschen, auf Grund von versuchen im tropischen und subtropischen Südamerika'', 1900 – On the influence of a tropical climate on human

nutrition Nutrition is the biochemical and physiological process by which an organism uses food to support its life. It provides organisms with nutrients, which can be metabolized to create energy and chemical structures. Failure to obtain sufficien ...

, etc. * ''Anthropologische Beobachtungen aus Zentralbrasilien'', 1906 – Anthropological observations in central Brazil. * ''Die Kategorien des Lebendigen; eine Fortführung der Kant'schen Erkenntniskritik'', 1928 – The categories of living; a continuation of the Kantian

epistemology Epistemology (; ), or the theory of knowledge, is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge. Epistemology is considered a major subfield of philosophy, along with other major subfields such as ethics, logic, and metaphysics. Episte ...

* ''Ausgewählte Schriften zur Tuberkulose-pathologie'', 1928 (with Walter Pagel) – Selected writings on tuberculosis pathology.OCLC Classify
published works

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Ranke, Karl Ernst 1870 births 1926 deaths Physicians from Munich German pediatricians German pulmonologists Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni Academic staff of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich