Kardang Monastery
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Kardang Monastery or Gompa is a famous
Drukpa Lineage The Drukpa or Drukpa Kagyu () lineage, sometimes called Dugpa in older sources, is a branch of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. The Kagyu school is one of the Sarma or "New Translation" schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The Drukpa lineage w ...
monastery, and is the most important monastery in the
Lahaul The Lahaul and Spiti district is a high-altitude district in Himachal Pradesh, north India. This entirely mountainous district consists of two geographically distinct as well as formerly separate political-administrative units, called Lahaul ( ...
valley, India. The associated village of Kardang was once the capital of Lahaul. The monastery is a huge white building bedecked with prayer flags It is situated on a ridge below the 15,000 foot (4,572 metres) Rangcha peak, at an altitude of 3,500m on the left bank of the Bhaga River, facing the town of
Keylong Kyelang (also spelled Keylong) is a town and the administrative centre of the Lahaul and Spiti district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, north of Manali via Atal Tunnel and from the Indo-Tibetan border. It is located along the Mana ...
, about 8 km away. Kardang is well connected by the road via the Tandi bridge which is about 14 km from Keylong. The monastery was featured on the 7 November 2010 episode of the
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TV series
IRT Deadliest Roads ''Ice Road Truckers'' (commercially abbreviated ''IRT'') is a reality television series that aired on History Channel from 2007 to 2017. It featured the activities of drivers who operated trucks on ice roads crossing frozen lakes and rivers, in ...
, where trucker Rick Yemm delivered a large golden
Buddha statue Much Buddhist art uses depictions of the historical Buddha, Gautama Buddha, which are known as () in Sanskrit and Pali. These may be statues or other images such as paintings. The main figure in an image may be someone else who has obtained B ...
to the monastery and was greeted by the monastery's head, Lama Paljor Larje.


History

The monastery is believed to have been built in the 12th century and houses a large library of Buddhist literature, including the
Kangyur The Tibetan Buddhist canon is a defined collection of sacred texts recognized by various schools of Tibetan Buddhism, comprising the Kangyur and the Tengyur. The ''Kangyur'' or ''Kanjur'' is Buddha's recorded teachings (or the 'Translation of ...
and Tangyur scriptures in the Bhotia or
Sherpa language Sherpa (also Sharpa, Sherwa, or Xiaerba) is a Tibetic language spoken in Nepal and the Indian state of Sikkim, mainly by the Sherpa. The majority speakers of the Sherpa language live in the Khumbu region of Nepal, spanning from the Chinese ( ...
. There is also a good collection of fine
thanka A ''thangka'' (; Tibetan: ཐང་ཀ་; Nepal Bhasa: पौभा) is a Tibetan Buddhist painting on cotton, silk appliqué, usually depicting a Buddhist deity, scene, or mandala. Thangkas are traditionally kept unframed and rolled up ...
s, musical instruments such as lutes, drums, horns, as well as old weapons. There are colourful frescoes and murals. The monastery was in ruins until it was renovated in 1912 CE by Lama Norbu Rinpoche (died 1952), who, with Lama Kunga, turned it into "a proper educational and training establishment." In the first room is a 4-foot (1.23 metres) high silver
chaitya A chaitya, chaitya hall, chaitya-griha, (Sanskrit:''Caitya''; Pāli: ''Cetiya'') refers to a shrine, sanctuary, temple or prayer hall in Indian religions. The term is most common in Buddhism, where it refers to a space with a stupa and a rounded ...
or
chorten In Buddhism, a stupa (, ) is a domed hemispherical structure containing several types of sacred relics, including images, statues, metals, and ''śarīra''—the remains of Bhikkhu, Buddhist monks or Bhikkhuni, nuns. It is used as a place of ...
preserving the skull and ashes of Lama Norbu.To the right of it are statues of
Padmasambhava Padmasambhava ('Born from a Lotus'), also known as Guru Rinpoche ('Precious Guru'), was a legendary tantric Buddhist Vajracharya, Vajra master from Oddiyana. who fully revealed the Vajrayana in Tibet, circa 8th – 9th centuries... He is consi ...
and
Tara (Devi) In the Shaivism and Shaktism tradition of Hinduism, the goddess Tara (, ) is the second of the ten Mahavidyas. She is considered a form of Adishakti, the tantric manifestation of Parvati. Her three most famous forms are Ekajaṭā, Ugratar ...
, and in the back, one of Tagden Shakyashree, guru of Lama Kunga. 103 volumes of the
Kangyur The Tibetan Buddhist canon is a defined collection of sacred texts recognized by various schools of Tibetan Buddhism, comprising the Kangyur and the Tengyur. The ''Kangyur'' or ''Kanjur'' is Buddha's recorded teachings (or the 'Translation of ...
are kept here, while behind are 64
tantra Tantra (; ) is an esoteric yogic tradition that developed on the India, Indian subcontinent beginning in the middle of the 1st millennium CE, first within Shaivism and later in Buddhism. The term ''tantra'', in the Greater India, Indian tr ...
books on various subjects. The second room is the main Prayer Hall with an eleven-headed statue of Avalokitesvara. On a high pedestal at the right are some of Lama Norbu's castoff garments and with a skull in front. In the third room is a six-foot wooden prayer wheel with a brass bell on it. There are now about thirty monks and nuns (''chomos'') in the monastery, and two British nuns have studied, meditated, and been initiated in recent years. The monks and nuns have equal rights, and the monks have permission to marry. The monks spend the summer with their families working their fields, in the winter they return to the monastery. There is a huge prayer drum in the monastery with the sacred six-syllable mantra,
Om mani padme hum ' (, ) is the six-syllabled Sanskrit mantra particularly associated with the four-armed Shadakshari form of Avalokiteshvara, the bodhisattva of compassion. It first appeared in the Mahayana ''Kāraṇḍavyūha sūtra'', where it is also referr ...
, written a million times on strips of paper. It also has a ''Narbo'' as its head
lama Lama () is a title bestowed to a realized practitioner of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism. Not all monks are lamas, while nuns and female practitioners can be recognized and entitled as lamas. The Tibetan word ''la-ma'' means "high mother", ...
. Because the monastery is on the southern bank of the Bhaga River, it gets very little sun, while Keylong on the opposite side gets far more as it is facing south. Because of this the Moravian Christian mission, which was established here in 1857, was later moved across the river to Keylong.


Modern story by monastery head Lama Paljor Larje

The old monastery temple was fully destroyed by rain at 1998. The new temple was rebuilt at 1999–2009 by present monastery head Lama Paljor. The previous monastery head - Lama Apo rinponche came from Tibet in about 1959. He became monastery head in 1970. Lama Paljor larje was his disciple since he was 13 years old. Khantse rimponche led the monastery when Apo rimponche died in 1981. Lama Paljor Larje leads the monastery from 1999 onwards. The new temple has two floors. Each floor has one room. The ground floor is place for laymen. It has a number of very old statues and paintings. When a layman enters the temple he sees three main statues on the front: Buddha Shakjamuni statue on the middle, Buddha Vajradhara on the left and Buddha Padmasambhava on the right. To the right side of the main statues the laymen may see the statues of: # Buddha Amitabha # Tara # Maha sidha (siddha) Shakya Shri # Marpa - great buddhist text translator # Yogin Malarepa # Gampopa # Lama Norbu rinpoche - both statue and stupa with his relic There are some of statues on the right side: # Buddha Avalokiteshvara #
Heruka :''Heruka is also a name for the deity of the Cakrasaṃvara Tantra.'' ''Heruka'' (; ) is the name of a category of wrathful deities, enlightened beings in Vajrayana Buddhism that adopt a fierce countenance to benefit sentient beings. In East A ...
deity # Vajrayogini # Maha sidha (siddha) Shakya Shri # Yunjin rinpoche # Kunga rinpoche - both statue and stupa # Apo rinpoche - stupa, previous monastery head Painting The temple has a number of old cloth paintings: Tibetian tradition painting, Kalachakra deity painting, Buddha Jataka, Melorepa stories etc. Molarepa story is estimated as 400 years old painting. The ground floor ceiling has a number of traditional painting compositions. The Guru-yoga mandala on the right and Chakrasambara mandala on the left surround the Buddha Akshobhya figure. This painting as well as all the new paintings inside and outside the temple were made by Lama Paljaor himself, who is a master of traditional thangka painting. The monastery has a number of very old books and commentaries.


References


Bibliography

* *Francke, A. H. (1914). ''Antiquities of Indian Tibet''. Two Volumes. Calcutta. 1972 reprint: S. Chand, New Delhi. *.


External links


Buddhist tourism website
{{Buddhist monasteries in Himachal Pradesh Buddhist monasteries in Himachal Pradesh Drukpa Kagyu monasteries and temples in India Buddhism in Lahaul and Spiti district Buildings and structures in Lahaul and Spiti district 12th-century religious buildings and structures 12th-century establishments in India