Kara-hardash (Kara-ḫardaš), also rendered ''Kadashman-Harbe'' and possibly ''Karaindash'', was a king of

Babylon Babylon ( ) was an ancient city located on the lower Euphrates river in southern Mesopotamia, within modern-day Hillah, Iraq, about south of modern-day Baghdad. Babylon functioned as the main cultural and political centre of the Akkadian-s ...

. He became king of Babylon around 1333 BC. He was the son of the Assyrian princess Muballitat-Sherua and the Babylonian king who preceded him. His rule was short, as shortly after his appointment as king, he was killed in an anti-Assyrian revolt. His death was avenged by his grandfather, the Assyrian king Ashur-uballit I. After suppressing the revolt and removing the usurper appointed by the Kassites, the Assyrians appointed Kurigalzu as king. The latter's connection to the Assyrians is unclear. It is not excluded that he was Kara-hardash's son.

Biography

He was the son of the Assyrian princess Muballitat-Sherua, daughter of the Assyrian king Ashur-uballit I and sister of the future king Enlil-nirari. His maternal grandfather was the first to use the title ''king of Assyria''. In the ''Synchronistic History'', his name is spelled both Karahardash and Karaindash, perhaps due to different phonetic readings. Alternatively, these are two different persons, with Karahardash (i.e. Kadashman-Harbe) being the son of Karaindash, husband of Muballitat-Sherua. Another ancient source, the ''Chronicle P'', gives a biography of the life of Muballitat-Sherua's son that is almost identical to the ''Synchronistic Historys, but records that his name was Kadashman-Harbe, and that his father was Karaindash. Kadašman-Ḫarbe is likely a scribal error for Kara-ḫardaš. Neither of the ancient sources explicitly names who the husband of Muballitat-Sherua was. Upon the death of his father, Kara-hardash was appointed king of Babylon. During his short reign, he went to war against the Suteans, and was also able to carry off a number of public works, including the digging of wells and building of a

fortress A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from L ...

Rebellion and death

His reign was short-lived, however. An anti-Assyrian rebellion broke out, in which he was murdered. The army then appointed Nazi-Bugaš, or Šuzigaš, a pure Kassite, as king. His Assyrian grandfather, Ashur-uballit I, suppressed the rebellion, deposed the usurper, and appointed a certain Kurigalzu as king. It is unclear how this Kurigalzu was connected to the Assyrians, but he might have been Kara-Hardash's (i.e. Kadashman-Harbe's) son.

References

{{Babylonian kings 14th-century BC kings of Babylon Kassite kings