Kandukur
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Kandukur, natively known as Kandukuru, is a town in
Nellore district Nellore district, officially known as Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district in Coastal Andhra Region, is one of the 26 districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. According to the 2011 Census, the district's population was 2,963,557 of which ...
of the
Indian state India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, for a total of 36 subnational entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into 800 districts and smaller administrative divisions by the respe ...
of
Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (ISO 15919, ISO: , , AP) is a States and union territories of India, state on the East Coast of India, east coast of southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, seventh-largest state and th ...
. It is a
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
and the headquarters of Kandukur mandal as well as Kandukur revenue division. Kandukur Mandal is located at the south-east side of the Prakasam District having geographical area around 225 km2.There is only 1 city in the Kandukur Mandal, which is Kandukur Municipality having an area of 37.63 km2.


Etymology


History

Kandukur has a strong historical background and came under the rule of the king Sri Krishna Devaraya. Ankamma Talli Devalayam is the most famous religious attraction in Kandukur and other landmark Hindu temples in the town include Ayyappa Swamy Temple and Shirdi Saibaba Temple. .


Geography

Kandukuru (earlier known as Skandapuri) is located at . It has an average elevation of . Kandukur was a part of the erstwhile
Nellore Nellore, also spelt as Nelluru, is a city located on the banks of Penna River, in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh, India.Prakasam District Prakasam district is one of the twelve districts in the coastal Andhra region of the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was formed in 1970 and reorganised on 4 April 2022. The headquarters of the district is ...
in 1970. Later as a part of the districts reorganization in 2022, it is now merged with the residual SPSR Nellore district. The total geographical area of Kandukur Municipality is 37.63 km2.


Demography

Population Distribution Kandukur Mandal, is the 4th most populous Mandal in Prakasam. India
census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...
, Prakasam District has a total population of 33,97,448 which is 6.84% of total population of Andhra Pradesh.Out of the total population of Prakasam District, 27,32,866 is in a rural area which is 80.44% of the total district, whereas 6,64,582 is in urban areas, which is 19.56%. There are a total of 56 Mandal in the Prakasam District. Kandukur Mandal has a total population of 98,769 which is 2.9% of the total district. There is only one urban area in Kandukur Mandal which is Kandukur Municipality. It has a population of 57,246 which is 57.96% of the Kandukur Mandal. The rural population in KandukurMunicipality is 41,523 which is 42.04% of the Kandukur Mandal. Among them, 28,644 (50.04%) are males and 28,602 (49.96%) are females. Population Growth Rate Kandukur Municipality is the third largest municipality in Prakasam District and was formed in 1987. population projections, the population trends for the last 3 decades are reviewed and analysed. The population trends and growth rate of the town as per the past trends, it is observed that Kandukur had a population of 32,370 in 1981 which increased to 41,336 with a growth rate of 27.70 in the year 1991. From 1991 to 2001 the population increased from41,336 to 50,336 with a growth rate of 21.75% and from 2001 to 2011 the population increased from 50,336to 57,246 with a growth rate of 13.75%. It can be thus incurred that though the population has increased population growth rate has declined. Sex Ratio Kandukur Municipality has a sex ratio of 999, meaning there are 999 females per 1000 males. The sex ratio for Kandukur Mandal is 989 which is less than the Kandukur Municipality. The sex ratio for Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh state and India are 981, 993 and 943 respectively. Thus, the sex ratio in the Kandukur municipality area is higher than that compared to Mandal, district, state and all over India. Literacy Rate Kandukur Municipality has a total literacy rate of 67.31% which is higher than the total literacy rate of Kandukur Mandal and Prakasam District. However, the literacy rate is less than the literacy rate of India. Also, a gap is observed between the male and female literacy rate in Kandukur Municipality. The male literacy rate is 73.75% and the female literacy rate is 61.09%. Thus, the literacy gap between males and females in Kandukur Municipality is 12.44%.


Governance


Civic administration

Kandukuru Municipal Council is the seat of the local government which administers
Kavali Kavali is a town in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh of India. It also serves as headquarters of Kavali mandal and Kavali revenue division.It is one of the few cities from Andhra Pradesh which were selected for Atal Mission for Rejuvenation a ...
town. Kandhukur is a 2nd-grade municipality and 3rd largest Municipality in the Prakasam district, with 57315 populations with an extent of 60.32 km2. It is the Mandal headquarter for the Kandukur Mandal. Kandukur Municipality is divided into 30 wards. Among them, ward no.28 is highly populous with an area of 8.15 km2.


Planning

The Master Plan for Kandukur was approved with a plan period of 20 years, for an area of 60 km2. Kandukur is a Municipality Town and also a Mandal Headquarter in Prakasam District which provides it with the opportunity to grow further. Around 60% of the Mandal population resided in the town. The maximum area is Residential and Urbanisable Use. In Kandukur Town, out of the total, around 55% area is open Land, 37% area is Agriculture Land and only 5% area is under Built-up. It will give land availability for future development. The majority of agriculture in Kandukur is for "Jamboil" which is a major component in the production of paper. With upcoming industrial areas in the proximity (Krishnapatnam port and surrounding), there are better scopes for development in terms of Infrastructure as well as employment generation. To achieve the Goal of Electronic Governance for all the Services of the ULBs, large Scale and detailed GIS Base Maps have been required. To achieve this purpose, the Government have already prepare GIS Base Maps for all 110 Urban Local Bodies of Andhra Pradesh under AMRUT Scheme. Kandukur is one of the selected ULBs under GIS based Master Plan. DT&CP has taken the initiative to prepare
Revised Master Plan for the year 2041
and selecte
Design and Planning Counsel, Ahmedabad
through tender. The overall objective of the Kandukur Master Plan is to create enabling spatial and land use planning framework to achieve the Vision of Kandukur Master Plan in order to promote, guide and rationalize planned development, to encourage existing economic activities to grow by providing adequate infrastructure in terms of the road network and preservation of other natural features. Also, to formulate infrastructure projects addressing the needs of water, solid waste collection, drainage etc.


Economy


Socio-Economic Profile

The total number of Households in Kandukur Municipality as per the 2011 census is 13,934. The average household size in Kandukur Municipality is 3.8 persons per household. The majority of the population in Kandukur Municipality is Hindu which is 315 (67%). Other religions are Muslim and Christian which are 108 (23%) and 50 (10%) respectively. Maximum households are engaged in other daily wage activities. They do not have permanent jobs or their own businesses. Maximum households have monthly income within a range of Rs. 10,001 to Rs. 20,000.


Education

The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the ''School Education Department'' of the state. There are a total of 26 schools in Kandukur, out of which 19 are private schools and 7 are government. schools.


Climate

Temperature Kandukur is located around 15 to 20 km from the Eastern coast of India, thus has a maritime weather therefore the difference between maximum and minimum temperature is not high. In the past 10 years(2008–2018), minimum observed temperature is 16 °C and the maximum temperature observed is 38 °C. It is observed that March, April and May are the hottest months in a year and November, December and January are the coldest. Rainfall Kandukur receives an average amount of rainfall and has received around 867 mm of rainfall in the last 10 years. Major monsoon months are May, June, July, September, and November. However, some showers are also observed during the month of March. Wind Speed Kandukur has an average wind speed of 16 km/h in a year. However, the lowest wind speed recorded is 10.7 km/h in the month of December, whereas the highest wind speed recorded is 30 km/h in the month of August. June, July and August have higher wind speeds than compared to the rest of the year. The general wind direction in Kandukur is from South-East to North-West and from east–west. However, it is observed that on some days, the wind direction is from North to South. Humidity Kandukur being located near the coastal edge has a high humidity rate. The maximum humidity observed is around 80-85%. November has the most humidity, whereas January, February and March have lower humidity level which is around 40-45%. The yearly average humidity is 61%.


Connectivity

Kandukur (earlier known as Skandapuri) is located on the Southern side of Vijaywada in Prakasam District. It is connected by State Highway to Kanigiri by SH 35 which connects Kandukur to Kanigiri on the Western side and links to NH16 towards the East. Kandukur is connected by 2 other State Highways which connect Kandukur to Pamur towards the South-West side by Kandukur-Pamur Road and Gudluru and Thettu by Kandukur-Gudluru-Thettu road towards the Southern side. National Highway 167B, which starts at Mydukuru passes through the town and eventually terminates at
National Highway 16 Route 16, or Highway 16, can refer to: International * AH16, Asian Highway 16 * European route E16 * European route E016 Australia  – Thompsons Road (Victoria)     – South Australia Canada ;Parts of the Trans-Canada Highway: *Ye ...
which is part of
Golden Quadrilateral The Golden Quadrilateral (; abbreviated GQ) is a network of National Highway (India), national highways connecting major cities of India. It roughly forms a quadrilateral with major cities – Delhi (north), Kolkata (east), Mumbai (west) and ...
highway network on the outskirts of Singarayakonda. APSRTC is a major Bus station in Kandukur. The nearest Railway Station to Kandukur is Singarayakonda. This Railway Station is classified as a B–category station in the Vijayawada Railway Division of the South Central Railway Zone. Singrayakonda is connected 10 km by road. The other nearest railway station is - Markapur - 60 km far by road. Ongole is about 45 km and Singarayakonda is 15 km away from Kandukur. A new Railway Station is coming up in Kanigiri under the new Railway Line project of the Nadikudi–Srikalahasti section.
Vijayawada Airport Vijayawada Airport , officially known as Vijayawada International Airport, is an international airport serving Vijayawada, the second-largest city of the state of Andhra Pradesh, the under-development capital city of the state, Amaravati a ...
is the closest airport to Kandukur, around 210 km. Other International Airports nearby airports are Hyderabad, Tirupati and Chennai. All these airports have good connectivity with major Indian cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Banglore and other International Cities. There is a proposal for a Green Field Domestic Airport at Ongole, which is near around 45 km away from Kandukur.


See also

* List of towns in Andhra Pradesh *
List of municipalities in Andhra Pradesh This article lists all the urban local bodies in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, including municipal corporations, municipalities and Nagar panchayats. According to the Directorate of Town and Country Planning under the Government of Andhra ...


References

{{Nellore district Villages in Prakasam district Mandal headquarters in Prakasam district