''Kalimantsia'' is an extinct

chalicothere Chalicotheriidae (from Ancient Greek ''khálix'', "gravel", and ''theríon'', "beast") is an extinct family of herbivorous, odd-toed ungulate (perissodactyl) mammals that lived in North America, Eurasia, and Africa from the Middle Eocene to the ...

from the

Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...

Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

. It contains one species, ''Kalimantsia bulgarica''.

Description

''Kalimantsia'' is named for the area in which it was discovered in 2001 by Geraads, Spassov, and Kovachev. The habitat would have been quite open and the remains of ''Kalimantsia'' are accompanied by those of

horse The horse (''Equus ferus caballus'') is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal. It belongs to the taxonomic family Equidae and is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 mi ...

s, early

deer A deer (: deer) or true deer is a hoofed ruminant ungulate of the family Cervidae (informally the deer family). Cervidae is divided into subfamilies Cervinae (which includes, among others, muntjac, elk (wapiti), red deer, and fallow deer) ...

, and various carnivorous mammals. ''Kalimantsia'' has a shorter muzzle than the horse-like shapes of the rest of the

s. It also has a domed head that would have resembled those of pachycephalosaurs and the schizotheriine ''

Tylocephalonyx ''Tylocephalonyx'', from Ancient Greek (''túlos''), meaning "knob", (''képhalos''), meaning "head", and (''ónux''), meaning "claw/hoof", is an extinct chalicothere from the Miocene of North America. Description ''Tylocephalonyx'' specimens ...

''. It is believed that males often competed by butting their heads together. The

teeth A tooth (: teeth) is a hard, calcified structure found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates and used to break down food. Some animals, particularly carnivores and omnivores, also use teeth to help with capturing or wounding prey, tear ...

of ''Kalimantsia'' are long and low, and well adapted for eating

leaves A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, ...

Size

* 3 m (10 ft.)

Lifestyle

* Browser

References

Chalicotheriinae Miocene Perissodactyla Miocene mammals of Europe Monotypic prehistoric placental genera Fossil taxa described in 2001 {{paleo-oddtoedungulate-stub

Description

Size

Lifestyle

See also

References