Kaldrma ( sr-Cyrl, Калдрма) is a

village A village is a human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Although villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban v ...

located in the Gračac municipality within the

Zadar County Zadar County ( ) is a county in Croatia, it encompasses northern Dalmatia and southeastern Lika. Its seat is the city of Zadar. Geography Among the largest towns in the county of Zadar are: Zadar, Benkovac, Bibinje, Biograd, Nin, Croatia, Nin ...

Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...

Population

According to the 2011 census, Kaldrma had 31 inhabitants.

1991 census

According to the 1991 census, settlement of Kaldrma had 175 inhabitants, which were ethnically declared as this:

Austro-Hungarian 1910 census

According to the 1910 census, settlement of Kaldrma had 268 inhabitants in 2 hamlets, which were linguistically and religiously declared as this:

Transport

Railway

Kaldrma railway station was built on the Oštrelj-

Drvar Drvar (, ) is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Drvar in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in western Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the road between Bosansko Grahovo an ...

Knin Knin () is a city in the Šibenik-Knin County of Croatia, located in the Dalmatian hinterland near the source of the river Krka (Croatia), Krka, an important traffic junction on the rail and road routes between Zagreb and Split, Croatia, Split. ...

narrow-gauge railway A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge (distance between the rails) narrower than . Most narrow-gauge railways are between and . Since narrow-gauge railways are usually built with tighter cur ...

in 1902. The so-called '' Steinbeiss Railway'', built mainly to service the fledgling timber industry, branched off past Drvar, further to Jajce and

Prijedor Prijedor ( sr-cyrl, Приједор, ) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it had a population of 80,916 inhabitants within its administrative limits. Prijedor is situated in the northwestern part of the Bosanska ...

. After WWII, in 1948 the Knin-Kaldrma section was upgraded to a normal gauge in order to become a part of a new Una railway, an important rail link between

Zagreb Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the ...

and Dalmatia. Old narrow-gauge line towards Drvar branched off from Una railway in Kaldrma. While other narrow-gauge sections further east were gradually closed, amidst heavy lobbying and protests from locals, Kaldrma kept its old link to

until May 28, 1978, when the last train arrived from Drvar to Kaldrma station. In 1987, Una railway was electrified. Traffic on Una railway was only sporadic during the

Croatian War of Independence The Croatian War of Independence) and (rarely) "War in Krajina" ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, Рат у Крајини, Rat u Krajini) are used. was an armed conflict fought in Croatia from 1991 to 1995 between Croats, Croat forces loyal to the Governmen ...

(1991–1995) due to the breakaway Serb Krajina blockade. After 1995, traffic was not reintroduced due to the damage and difficulties concerning numerous border crossings on the line.

Nature

A lake situated northwest from Kaldrma railway station is believed to be a rare example of

bifurcation Bifurcation or bifurcated may refer to: Science and technology * Bifurcation theory, the study of sudden changes in dynamical systems ** Bifurcation, of an incompressible flow, modeled by squeeze mapping the fluid flow * River bifurcation, the for ...

;Zadarski list
Damir Maričić: Priča o dvije rijeke, 3. rujna 2009., preuzeto 20. lipnja 2011. namely, some of the lake's water ends up in the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bound ...

via Una river, while some of it flows into the

Adriatic Sea The Adriatic Sea () is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula. The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea, extending from the Strait of Otranto (where it connects to the Ionian Se ...

via Krka river.

Literature

Savezni zavod za statistiku i evidenciju FNRJ i SFRJ, popis stanovništva 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981. i 1991. godine. * Knjiga: "Narodnosni i vjerski sastav stanovništva Hrvatske, 1880-1991: po naseljima, author: Jakov Gelo, izdavač: Državni zavod za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, 1998., , ;

References

Populated places in Zadar County Lika {{Zadar-geo-stub