The Kalasan inscription is an inscription dated 700 Saka (778 CE), discovered in

Kalasan Kalasan (, Javanese language, Javanese: ꦕꦟ꧀ꦝꦶꦏꦭꦱꦤ꧀, ''Candhi Kalasan''), also known as Candi Kalibening, is an 8th-century Buddhist temple in Java, Indonesia. It is located east of Yogyakarta (city), Yogyakarta on the way to ...

village,

Sleman Regency Sleman Regency (; ) is an Indonesian regency () on the island of Java. It is located in the north of the Yogyakarta Special Region, Yogyakarta Special Administrative Region, Indonesia, and has an area of , with a population of 1,093,110 at the ...

Yogyakarta Yogyakarta is the capital city of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, in the south-central part of the island of Java. As the only Indonesian royal city still ruled by Hamengkubuwono, a monarchy, Yogyakarta is regarded as an importan ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

. The inscription was written in

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural ...

with Pranagari script (Northern India). This is the first inscription discovered in Indonesia that mentioned the

dynastic A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the same family, usually in the context of a monarchical system, but sometimes also appearing in republics. A dynasty may also be referred to as a "house", "family" or "clan", among others. Historians ...

name of

Sailendra The Shailendra dynasty (, derived from Sanskrit combined words ''Śaila'' and ''Indra'', meaning "King of the Mountain", also spelled Sailendra, Syailendra or Selendra) was the name of a notable Indianised dynasty that emerged in 8th-century ...

as ''Sailendravamça''.

The inscription mentioned ''Guru Sang Raja Sailendravamçatilaka'' (Teacher of the King, the Jewel of the Sailendra family) who succeeded in persuading Maharaja Tejapurnapana Panangkaran (in other part of the inscription also called Kariyana Panangkaran) to construct a holy building for (Bodhisattvadevi) Tara and also build a Vihara (monastery) for

Buddhist monks A ''bhikkhu'' (, ) is an ordained male in Buddhist monasticism. Male, and female monastics (''bhikkhunī''), are members of the Sangha (Buddhist community). The lives of all Buddhist monastics are governed by a set of rules called the prātimo ...

from Sailendra family's realm. Panangkaran donated the ''Kalaça'' village to Sangha (Buddhist monastic community).Soetarno, Drs. R. second edition (2002). "Aneka Candi Kuno di Indonesia" (Ancient Temples in Indonesia), pp. 41. Dahara Prize. Semarang. . The temple dedicated to Tara is identified as

temple. The inscription now is displayed in the

National Museum of Indonesia The National Museum of Indonesia () is an archeological, historical, ethnological, and geographical museum located in Jalan Medan Merdeka Barat, Central Jakarta, right on the west side of Merdeka Square. Popularly known as the Elephant Museum () ...

Jakarta Jakarta (; , Betawi language, Betawi: ''Jakartè''), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (; ''DKI Jakarta'') and formerly known as Batavia, Dutch East Indies, Batavia until 1949, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia and ...

, under inventory number No. D.147.

Transcription

Namo bhagavatyai āryātārāyai 1. yā tārayatyamitaduḥkhabhavādbhimagnaṃ lokaṃ vilokya vidhivattrividhair upayaiḥ Sā vaḥ surendranaralokavibhūtisāraṃ tārā diśatvabhimataṃ jagadekatārā 2. āvarjya mahārājaṃ dyāḥ pañcapaṇaṃ paṇaṃkaraṇāṃ Śailendra rājagurubhis tārābhavanaṃ hi kāritaṃ śrīmat 3. gurvājñayā kŗtajñais tārādevī kŗtāpi tad bhavanaṃ vinayamahāyānavidāṃ bhavanaṃ cāpyāryabhikṣūṇāṃ 4. pangkuratavānatīripanāmabhir ādeśaśastribhīrājñaḥ Tārābhavanaṃ kāritamidaṃ mapi cāpy āryabhiksūṇam 5. rājye pravarddhamāne rājñāḥ śailendravamśatilakasya śailendrarajagurubhis tārābhavanaṃ kŗtaṃ kŗtibhiḥ 6. śakanŗpakālātītair varṣaśataiḥ saptabhir mahārājaḥ akarod gurupūjārthaṃ tārābhavanaṃ paṇamkaraṇaḥ 7. grāmaḥ kālasanāmā dattaḥ saṃghāyā sākṣiṇaḥ kŗtvā pankuratavānatiripa desādhyakṣān mahāpuruṣān 8. bhuradakṣineyam atulā dattā saṃghāyā rājasiṃhena śailendrarajabhūpair anuparipālyārsantatyā 9. sang pangkurādibhih sang tāvānakādibhiḥ sang tīripādibhiḥ pattibhiśca sādubhiḥ, api ca, 10. sarvān evāgāminaḥ pārthivendrān bhūyo bhūyo yācate rājasiṃhaḥ, sāmānyoyaṃ dharmmasetur narānāṃ kāle kāle pālanīyo bhavadbhiḥ 11. anena puṇyena vīhārajena pratītya jāta arthavibhāgavijñāḥ bhavantu sarve tribhavopapannā janājinānām anuśsanajñāḥ 12. kariyānapaṇaṃkaraṇaḥ śrimān abhiyācate bhāvinŗpān, bhūyo bhūyo vidhivad vīhāraparipālan ārtham iti.

Translation into English

Honor for Bhagavatī Ārya Tārā 1. After seeing all the creatures in the world drowned in misery, he take across (with) three true knowledges, she Tarā who became the only guiding star for direction in the world and (the realm of) the gods . 2. A holy building for the Tārā that is truly beautiful was ordered by the teachers of Sailendra king, after obtaining the approval of the Maharaja Dyah Pancapana Panamkarana 3. By order of the teacher, a sacred building (dedicated) to Tārā has been established, and likewise a building for the noble (Buddhist) monks skilled in the Mahāyana teachings, has been established by experts 4. Tārā's sacred building as well as the (building) belongs to the noble monks had been established by the officials commissioned by the king, called Pangkura, Tavana, Tiripa. 5. A sacred building for Tārā has been established by the teachers of Śailendra king in a growing kingdom the jewel (ornament) of Śailendra dynasty 6. Mahārāja Panangkarana constructed a Tārā sacred building to honor his teachers that have run for 700 years. 7. The Kalasa village has been given to Samgha after calling the witnesses; prominent people the village authorities which are Pangkura, Tavana, Tiripa. 8. The alms of “bhura” that is incomparable given to the Sangha by the "king like a lion" (rājasimha-) by the kings of the Śailendra dynasty and subsequent rulers. 9. By the Pangkura and his followers, the Tavana and his followers, the Tiripa and his followers, by the soldiers, and religious leaders, then the next, 10. "The king that is like a lion" (rājasimhah) asked repeatedly to the upcoming kings to be bound to Dharma so that they will be protected forever. 11. Well, by granting the vihara (monastery), all sacred knowledge, the Law of Cause and Effect, and births in the three worlds (as appropriate with) Buddhism, can be understood. 12. Kariyana Panangkarana asked repeatedly to upcoming noble kings to always protect this important temple according to the rules.

References

{{Reflist, 2 Sanskrit inscriptions in Indonesia 8th-century inscriptions Shailendra dynasty Sleman Regency 778 8th century in Indonesia National Museum of Indonesia 8th-century Sanskrit literature

Contents

Transcription

Translation into English

See also

References