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Kaki Ae, or Tate, is a language with about 500 speakers, half the ethnic population, near Kerema, in
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i ...
. It was previously known by the foreign designation Raeta Tati.


Classification

Kaki Ae has been proposed to be related to the Eleman languages, but the connections appear to be loans. Søren Wichmann (2013)Wichmann, Søren. 2013
A classification of Papuan languages
In: Hammarström, Harald and Wilco van den Heuvel (eds.), History, contact and classification of Papuan languages (Language and Linguistics in Melanesia, Special Issue 2012), 313-386. Port Moresby: Linguistic Society of Papua New Guinea. tentatively considers it to be a separate, independent group. Pawley and Hammarström (2018) treat Kaki Ae as a
language isolate Language isolates are languages that cannot be classified into larger language families. Korean and Basque are two of the most common examples. Other language isolates include Ainu in Asia, Sandawe in Africa, and Haida in North America. The nu ...
due to low cognacy rates with Eleman, and consider the few similarities shared with Eleman to be due to borrowed loanwords.


Distribution

Kaki Ae is spoken in ''Auri'', ''Kupiano'', ''Kupla'' (), ''Lou '' (), ''Ovorio'' (), and ''Uriri'' () villages in Central Kerema Rural LLG, Gulf Province.


Pronouns

The Kaki Ae pronouns are: :


Phonology

Kaki Ae has no distinction between and . (The forms ''kaki'' and ''tate'' of the name both derive from the rather pejorative Toaripi name for the people, ''Tati''.)


Vocabulary

The following basic vocabulary words are from Brown (1973), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database: :


Further reading

*Clifton, John M. 1995. A grammar sketch of the Kaki Ae language. In: Albert J. Bickfield (ed.), ''Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session'', 33–80. Grand Forks, North Dakota: SIL. *Wurm, S.A. editor. ''Some Endangered Languages of Papua New Guinea: Kaki Ae, Musom, and Aribwatsa''. D-89, vi + 183 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1997.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kaki Ae Language Kaki Ae–Eleman languages Language isolates of New Guinea Languages of Gulf Province Vulnerable languages