Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Roma ...
linking Romania, Bulgaria, and Turkey.
It has landing points in:
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Mangalia
Mangalia (, tr, Mankalya), ancient Callatis ( el, Κάλλατις/Καλλατίς; other historical names: Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara), is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanța County, Northern D ...
,
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
Istanbul
Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
,
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
it has a transmission capacity of 8 Tbit/s, and a total cable length of 504 km. It started operation on 13 June 1997.
BSFOCS
The Black Sea Fiber-Optic Cable System (BSFOCS) is a submarine telecommunications cable system linking three countries bordering the Black Sea.KAFOS, &
ITUR
ITUR (Italy - Turkey - Ukraine - Russia) is a submarine communications cable system linking the aforementioned countries.
It has landing points in:
#Palermo, Sicily, Italy
#Istanbul, Turkey
#Odessa, Ukraine
#Novorossiysk, Russia
References
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