Jílové (until 1945 Jílové u Podmokel; ) is a town in

Děčín District Děčín District () is a district in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the city of Děčín. Administrative division Děčín District is divided into three administrative districts of municipalities with extende ...

in the

Ústí nad Labem Region Ústí nad Labem Region or Ústecký Region () is an Regions of the Czech Republic, administrative unit () of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western part of the historical land of Bohemia, and named after the capital, Ústí nad Labem. I ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

. It has about 4,900 inhabitants.

Administrative division

Jílové consists of six municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Jílové (1,171) *Kamenec (217) *Kamenná (2,175) *Martiněves (900) *Modrá (370) *Sněžník (102)

Etymology

The adjective is derived from ''jíl'', i.e. 'clay'. The name was probably transferred to the settlement from the local stream.

Geography

Jílové is located about west of

Děčín Děčín (; ) is a city in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 46,000 inhabitants. It is the seventth largest municipality in the country by area. Děčín is an important traffic junction. Administrative division Děč ...

and north of

Ústí nad Labem Ústí nad Labem (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 91,000 inhabitants and is the capital of the Ústí nad Labem Region. It is a major industrial centre and, besides being an active river port, is an important railway junction. ...

. It lies in the

Elbe Sandstone Mountains The Elbe Sandstone Mountains, also called the Elbe Sandstone Highlands (, ; , ), are a mountain range straddling the border between the state of Saxony in southeastern Germany and the North Bohemian region of the Czech Republic, with about three-q ...

and in the eponymous protected landscape area. The built-up area is situated in the valley of the stream Jílovský potok, a left tributary of the

Elbe The Elbe ( ; ; or ''Elv''; Upper Sorbian, Upper and , ) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Republic), then Ge ...

River. The town is located at the foot of the

Děčínský Sněžník The Děčínský Sněžník () is a mountain in the Czech Republic. At above sea level, it is the highest peak of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains. Geography Děčínský Sněžník is located in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains in the Ústí nad Labem ...

mountain, which is the highest peak of the municipal territory at above sea level.

History

Jílové was probably founded as a settlement on an ancient trade route from

Bohemia Bohemia ( ; ; ) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. In a narrow, geographic sense, it roughly encompasses the territories of present-day Czechia that fall within the Elbe River's drainage basin, but historic ...

Lusatia Lusatia (; ; ; ; ; ), otherwise known as Sorbia, is a region in Central Europe, formerly entirely in Germany and today territorially split between Germany and modern-day Poland. Lusatia stretches from the Bóbr and Kwisa rivers in the eas ...

. The nearby Lotarův vrch mountain may already had been the site of the 1126 Battle of Chlumec between Duke

Soběslav I of Bohemia Soběslav (; ) is a town in Tábor District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 7,100 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone. Administrative division Soběs ...

and King

Lothair III of Germany Lothair III, sometimes numbered Lothair II and also known as Lothair of Supplinburg ( June 1075 – 4 December 1137), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 until his death. He was appointed List of rulers of Saxony, Duke of Saxony in 1106 and elected ...

, whose exact location is unknown. The first written mention of Jílové (under the name ''Eulow'') is from 1384 in a deed issued by King Charles IV. A local

water castle A water castle, sometimes water-castle, is a castle which incorporates a natural or artificial body of water into its defences.Forde-Johnston (1979), p. 163. It can be entirely surrounded by water-filled moats (moated castle) or natural waterbo ...

, erected in the 14th century, was documented in 1554, when it was held by the Lords of Lípa. After the 1620

Battle of White Mountain The Battle of White Mountain (; ) was an important battle in the early stages of the Thirty Years' War. It led to the defeat of the Bohemian Revolt and ensured Habsburg control for the next three hundred years. It was fought on 8 November 16 ...

, the estates were seized by Emperor Ferdinand II and in 1629 granted to the Counts of

Thun und Hohenstein The House of Thun und Hohenstein, also known as Thun-Hohenstein, belonged to the historical Austrian nobility, Austrian and Bohemian nobility. There is one princely and several count, comital branches of the family. The princely branch of the fami ...

. After

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, the

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

population was expelled and the Thun und Hohenstein properties were confiscated by the

Czechoslovak Republic Czechoslovak Republic (Czech and Slovak: ''Československá republika'', ČSR), was the official name of Czechoslovakia between 1918 and 1939 and between 1945 and 1960. See: *First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938) *Second Czechoslovak Republic ...

. Jílové was promoted to a town in 1964.

Demographics

Transport

The I/13 road (the section from

Teplice Teplice (, until 1948 Teplice-Šanov; , ''Teplitz-Schönau'') is a city in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 51,000 inhabitants. It is the most populous Czech spa town, followed by Karlovy Vary. The historic city cen ...

) passes through the town. During the tourist season, on weekends and holidays, a train on the Děčín–

Telnice Telnice may refer to places in the Czech Republic: * Telnice (Brno-Country District), a municipality and village in the South Moravian Region *Telnice (Ústí nad Labem District) Telnice () is a municipality and village in Ústí nad Labem Distri ...

line runs through Jílové. The

ČSD Class M 152.0 The M 152.0 is the most common Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovak diesel Motor coach (rail), motor coach in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It was designed, manufactured and used in the former Czechoslovak State Railways, Czechoslovakia and now used ...

retro train drives there.

Sights

The main landmark is the Jílové Castle. It was rebuilt in the second half of the 17th century on a Renaissance chateau, and the romantic-style park with a Neoclassical pavilion was established two centuries later. Nowadays the castle serves cultural and social purposes and houses a library. The Church of the Holy Trinity was built in the Baroque style in 1682. It was rebuilt to its present form in 1859, after it was damaged by a fire. Děčínský Sněžník is known for its observation tower. It is a high stone tower. Built in 1864, it is one of the oldest observation towers in Bohemia. The chapel on Děčínský Sněžník was built in 1909.

Notable people

Anna Perthen Anna Perthen (22 December 1866 – 11 December 1957) was a Czechoslovak politician. In 1920 she was one of the first group of women elected to the Senate, remaining in parliament until 1925. Biography Perthen was born Anna Nickel in Jílové in B ...

(1866–1957), politician * Ernst Paul (1897–1978), German politician

Twin towns – sister cities

Jílové is twinned with: *

Rosenthal-Bielatal Rosenthal-Bielatal is a municipality in the Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge district, in Saxony, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Se ...

, Germany

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Jilove Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in Děčín District Elbe Sandstone Mountains