Jussi Parikka
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Jussi Ville Tuomas Parikka (born 1976 in
Anjalankoski Anjalankoski is a former town and List of former municipalities of Finland, municipality of Finland. It had 16 379 inhabitants in 2008. About 4/5 of the people live in the vicinity of the Kymi River. The most densely populated communities are My ...
) is a Finnish new media theorist and Professor i
Digital Aesthetics and Culture at Aarhus University
Denmark. He is also (visiting) Professor in Technological Culture & Aesthetics at
Winchester School of Art Winchester School of Art is the art school of the University of Southampton, situated 10 miles (14 km) north of Southampton in the city of Winchester near the south coast of England. History Winchester School of Art (WSA) was founded in 1 ...
(
University of Southampton The University of Southampton (abbreviated as ''Soton'' in post-nominal letters) is a public university, public research university in Southampton, England. Southampton is a founding member of the Russell Group of research-intensive universit ...
) as well as visiting professor at FAMU at the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague. In Finland, he is Docent of
digital culture Internet culture refers to culture developed and maintained among frequent and active users of the Internet (also known as netizens) who primarily communicate with one another as members of online communities; that is, a culture whose influence ...
theory at the
University of Turku The University of Turku (, shortened ''UTU'') is a multidisciplinary public university with eight faculties located in the city of Turku in southwestern Finland. The university also has campuses in Rauma and Pori and research stations in Kevo ...
. Until May 2011 Parikka was the Director of the Cultures of the Digital Economy (CoDE) research institute at Anglia Ruskin University and the founding Co-Director of the Anglia Research Centre for Digital Culture. With Ryan Bishop, he also founded th
Archaeologies of Media and Technology
research unit.


Biography

Parikka was awarded a Ph.D. in
Cultural History Cultural history records and interprets past events involving human beings through the social, cultural, and political milieu of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors. Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897) helped found cultural history ...
from the
University of Turku The University of Turku (, shortened ''UTU'') is a multidisciplinary public university with eight faculties located in the city of Turku in southwestern Finland. The university also has campuses in Rauma and Pori and research stations in Kevo ...
in 2007. He is a member of the Editorial Board for the Fibreculture journal and a member of the Leonardo Journal Digital Reviews Panel. In 1995, Parikka deferred his
national service National service is a system of compulsory or voluntary government service, usually military service. Conscription is mandatory national service. The term ''national service'' comes from the United Kingdom's National Service (Armed Forces) Act ...
and spent 18 months as an assistant fisheries inspector in
Oulu Oulu ( , ; ) is a city in Finland and the regional capital of North Ostrobothnia. It is located on the northwestern coast of the country at the mouth of the Oulujoki, River Oulu. The population of Oulu is approximately , while the Oulu sub-regio ...
. In 2021 Parikka was elected as member of the
Academia Europaea The Academia Europaea is a pan-European Academy of humanities, letters, law, and sciences. The Academia was founded in 1988 as a functioning Europe-wide Academy that encompasses all fields of scholarly inquiry. It acts as co-ordinator of Europe ...
in the Film, Media & Visual Studies section.


Work

Parikka has published extensively on
digital art Digital art, or the digital arts, is artistic work that uses Digital electronics, digital technology as part of the creative or presentational process. It can also refer to computational art that uses and engages with digital media. Since the 1960 ...
,
digital culture Internet culture refers to culture developed and maintained among frequent and active users of the Internet (also known as netizens) who primarily communicate with one another as members of online communities; that is, a culture whose influence ...
and
cultural theory Cultural studies is an academic field that explores the dynamics of contemporary culture (including the politics of popular culture) and its social and historical foundations. Cultural studies researchers investigate how cultural practices rela ...
in Finnish and English in journals such as ''
CTheory ''CTheory'' was a peer-reviewed academic journal published from 1976 to 1991, and from 1993 to 2017. It was originally established as the ''Canadian Journal of Political and Social Theory'', reviving as ''CTheory'' in 1993. It focused on technolo ...
'', ''Theory, Culture & Society'', ''Fibreculture'', ''Media History'', ''Postmodern Culture'' and ''Game Studies''. His texts have been translated into Hungarian, Czech, French, Turkish, Polish, Portuguese, Chinese, Italian, Spanish, and Indonesian. He has published five single authored books; in Finnish on
media theory Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mos ...
in the age of
cybernetics Cybernetics is the transdisciplinary study of circular causal processes such as feedback and recursion, where the effects of a system's actions (its outputs) return as inputs to that system, influencing subsequent action. It is concerned with ...
(Koneoppi. Ihmisen, teknologian ja median kytkennät, (2004)) and in English, ''Digital Contagions: A Media Archaeology of Computer Viruses'' (2007), the award-winning ''Insect Media'' (2010), ''What is Media Archaeology?'' (2012) and ''A Geology of Media'' (2015). Parikka is also part of the co-authored short boo
Remain
(2019). ''Digital Contagions'' is the first book to offer a comprehensive and critical analysis of the culture and history of the
computer virus A computer virus is a type of malware that, when executed, replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and Code injection, inserting its own Computer language, code into those programs. If this replication succeeds, the affected areas ...
phenomenon. The book maps the anomalies of
network Network, networking and networked may refer to: Science and technology * Network theory, the study of graphs as a representation of relations between discrete objects * Network science, an academic field that studies complex networks Mathematics ...
culture from the angles of security concerns, the biopolitics of
digital Digital usually refers to something using discrete digits, often binary digits. Businesses *Digital bank, a form of financial institution *Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) or Digital, a computer company *Digital Research (DR or DRI), a software ...
systems, and the aspirations for
artificial life Artificial life (ALife or A-Life) is a field of study wherein researchers examine systems related to natural life, its processes, and its evolution, through the use of simulations with computer models, robotics, and biochemistry. The discipline ...
in
software Software consists of computer programs that instruct the Execution (computing), execution of a computer. Software also includes design documents and specifications. The history of software is closely tied to the development of digital comput ...
. The genealogy of network culture is approached from the standpoint of accidents that are endemic to the digital
media ecology Media ecology is the study of media, technology, and communication and how they affect human environments. The theoretical concepts were proposed by Marshall McLuhan in 1964, while the term ''media ecology'' was first formally introduced by Neil ...
. Viruses, worms, and other
software Software consists of computer programs that instruct the Execution (computing), execution of a computer. Software also includes design documents and specifications. The history of software is closely tied to the development of digital comput ...
objects are not, then, seen merely from the perspective of
anti-virus Antivirus software (abbreviated to AV software), also known as anti-malware, is a computer program used to prevent, detect, and remove malware. Antivirus software was originally developed to detect and remove computer viruses, hence the name ...
research or practical security concerns, but as cultural and historical expressions that traverse a
non-linear In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system (or a non-linear system) is a system in which the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. Nonlinear problems are of interest to engineers, biologists, physicists, mathe ...
field from fiction to technical media, from
net art upright=1.3, "Simple Net Art Diagram", a 1997 work by Michael Sarff and Tim Whidden Internet art (also known as net art or web art) is a form of new media art distributed via the Internet. This form of art circumvents the traditional dominance o ...
to politics of software. His work on Insect Media combines themes from
media archaeology Media archaeology or media archeology is a field that attempts to understand new and emerging media through close examination of the past, and especially through critical scrutiny of dominant progressivist narratives of popular commercial media s ...
,
posthumanism Posthumanism or post-humanism (meaning "after humanism" or "beyond humanism") is an idea in continental philosophy and critical theory responding to the presence of anthropocentrism in 21st-century thought. Posthumanization comprises "those pro ...
and
animal studies Animal studies is a recently recognised field in which animals are studied in a variety of cross-disciplinary ways. Scholars who engage in animal studies may be formally trained in a number of diverse fields, including art history, anthropology ...
to put forth a new history of how insects and technology frame critical, scientific and technological thought. It won the Society for Cinema and Media Studies 2012 Anne Friedberg Award for Innovative Scholarship. He has also discussed this work in dialogue with historian
Etienne Benson Etienne S. Benson is a historian specializing in the intersections of science, politics, and the environment, with a focus on the United States and Europe from the eighteenth century to the present. Together with Dagmar Schäfer, he currently se ...
and media theorist Bernard Dionsius Geoghegan on the Cultural Technologies
podcast A podcast is a Radio program, program made available in digital format for download over the Internet. Typically, a podcast is an Episode, episodic series of digital audio Computer file, files that users can download to a personal device or str ...
. Most recently, Parikka has written on media archaeology as a theory and methodology in various publications, including ''Media Archaeology'' (co-edited with Erkki Huhtamo) and ''What is Media Archaeology?'' With Joasia Krysa he edited a volume on the Finnish media art figure
Erkki Kurenniemi Erkki Juhani Kurenniemi (10 July 1941, Hämeenlinna, Finland – 1 May 2017,Elektronisen ...
in 2015. With
Garnet Hertz Garnet Hertz (born 1973) is a Canadian artist, designer and academic. Hertz is formerly Canada Research Chair in Design and Media Art and is known for his electronic artworks and for his research in the areas of '' critical making'' and DIY cultu ...
, Parikka co-authored a paper entitled "Zombie Media:
Circuit Bending Circuit bending is the creative customization of the circuits within electronic devices such as children's toys and digital synthesizers to create new musical or visual instruments and sound generators. Circuit bending is manipulating a circuit ...
Media Archaeology into an Art Method," which was nominated for the 2011 Transmediale Vilem Flusser media theory award. Parikka leads th
Operational Images and Visual Culture
research project (2019-2023) at the Academy of Performing Arts in
Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...
as well as the Design and Aesthetics for Environmental Data project (2022-2024) at
Aarhus University Aarhus University (, abbreviated AU) is a public research university. Its main campus is located in Aarhus, Denmark. It is the second largest and second oldest university in Denmark. The university is part of the Coimbra Group, the Guild, and Ut ...
.


Research activity

Dr. Parikka's research activities include
continental philosophy Continental philosophy is a group of philosophies prominent in 20th-century continental Europe that derive from a broadly Kantianism, Kantian tradition.Continental philosophers usually identify such conditions with the transcendental subject or ...
,
media theory Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mos ...
, the politics and history of new media, media
archaeology Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...
, new materialist cultural analysis and various other topics relating to anomalies,
media Media may refer to: Communication * Means of communication, tools and channels used to deliver information or data ** Advertising media, various media, content, buying and placement for advertising ** Interactive media, media that is inter ...
and the body.


Areas of expertise

*
Cultural theory Cultural studies is an academic field that explores the dynamics of contemporary culture (including the politics of popular culture) and its social and historical foundations. Cultural studies researchers investigate how cultural practices rela ...
*
Cyborg A cyborg (, a portmanteau of ''cybernetics, cybernetic'' and ''organism'') is a being with both Organic matter, organic and biomechatronic body parts. The term was coined in 1960 by Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline.cyberculture Internet culture refers to culture developed and maintained among frequent and active users of the Internet (also known as netizens) who primarily communicate with one another as members of online communities; that is, a culture whose influence ...
*
Digital culture Internet culture refers to culture developed and maintained among frequent and active users of the Internet (also known as netizens) who primarily communicate with one another as members of online communities; that is, a culture whose influence ...
, new media and the
Internet The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks ...
*
Media archaeology Media archaeology or media archeology is a field that attempts to understand new and emerging media through close examination of the past, and especially through critical scrutiny of dominant progressivist narratives of popular commercial media s ...
*
Technoculture Technoculture is a neologism that is not in standard dictionaries but that has some popularity in academia, popularized by editors Constance Penley and Andrew Ross in a book of essays bearing that title. It refers to the interactions between, and po ...


See also

* Media archeology *
Software art Software art is a work of art where the creation of software, or concepts from software, play an important role; for example software applications which were created by artists and which were intended as artworks. As an artistic discipline software ...
*
Internet art upright=1.3, "Simple Net Art Diagram", a 1997 work by Michael Sarff and Tim Whidden Internet art (also known as net art or web art) is a form of new media art distributed via the Internet. This form of art circumvents the traditional dominance o ...


Bibliography

* (2022) The Lab Book: Situated Practices in Media Studies (co-authored with Lori Emerson and Darren Wershler). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press * (2019
Remain
(co-authored with Rebecca Schneider and Ioana B. Jucan). University of Minnesota Press and Meson Press. *(2015) A Geology of Media, University of Minnesota Press: Minneapolis. * (2014) The Anthrobscene, University of Minnesota Press: Minneapolis. * (2012) What is Media Archaeology?, Polity: Cambridge. * (2010) Insect Media: An Archaeology of Animals and Technology, University of Minnesota Press: Minneapolis. Posthumanities-series. * (2007) Digital Contagions. A Media Archaeology of Computer Viruses, Peter Lang: New York. Digital Formations-series. * (2004) Koneoppi. Ihmisen, teknologian ja median kytkennät. Kulttuurituotannon ja maisemantutkimuksen laitoksen julkaisuja, University of Turku: Pori. (Machinology: The Interfaces of Humans, Technology and Media).


Edited books and special issues

* (2021) Photography Off the Scale (with Tomáš Dvořák). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. *(2020) Archaeologies of Fashion Film (with Caroline Evans). A special issue of Journal of Visual Culture, December 2020. *(2016) Mediated Geologies. A Special section of Cultural Politics journal (Duke University Press). *(2016) Across and Beyond: Postdigital Practices, Concepts, and Institutions. (With Ryan Bishop, Kristoffer Gansing, and Elvia Wilk). Berlin: Sternberg. *(2015) Writing and Unwriting (Media) Art History: Erkki Kurenniemi in 2048 (with Joasia Krysa). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press *(2013) Cultural Techniques-special in Theory, Culture & Society ( with Ilinca Iurascu and Geoffrey Winthrop-Young.) Theory, Culture & Society 30.6. * (2011) Medianatures: The Materiality of Information Technology and Electronic Waste. Open Humanities Press
Living Books About Life
-series. . * (2011) Media Archaeology. Approaches, Applications, Implications. With Erkki Huhtamo. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. * (2011) Unnatural Ecologies. Media ecology-special issue fo
Fibreculture
17, co-edited with Michael Goddard. * (2009) The Spam Book: On Viruses, Porn, and Other Anomalies from the Dark Side of Digital Culture. With Tony D Sampson. Cresskill: Hampton Press. * (2008) In Medias Res. Hakuja mediafilosofiaan. (With Olli-Jukka Jokisaari & Pasi Väliaho). Eetos-julkaisusarja, Turku. n Medias Res: On Continental Media Philosophy.* (2003) Aivot ja elokuva-erikoisnumero Lähikuva 2/2003 (With Pasi Väliaho). rain and Cinema-special issue.* (2003) Kohtaamisia ajassa - kulttuurihistoria ja tulkinnan teoria. (With Sakari Ollitervo and Timo Väntsi). Turun yliopisto, k & h-kustannus, Kulttuurihistoria-Cultural History 3. ncounters in Time: Cultural History and Theory of Interpretation.* (2003) Mediataide-erikoisnumero Widerscreen 3/2003. (With Katve-Kaisa Kontturi). edia art-special issue.


Articles

* (2020) “Ground Truth to Fake Geographies: Machine Vision and Learning in Visual Practices” (With Abelardo Gil-Fournier)
''AI & Society'' November 2020
*(2020) "A Recursive Web of Models: Studio Tomas Sáraceno's Working Objects as Environmental Humanities
Configurations 28:3, 309-332
*(2020) “Folds of Fashion: ''Unravelled'' and the Planetary Surface” in ''Apparition: The (Im)materiality of the Modern Surface”'', edited by Yeseung Lee. London: Bloomsbury, 19-35. *(2019) “The Lab is the Place is the Space” in ''Emerging Affinities. Possible Futures of Performative Arts'', eds. Mateusz Borowski, Mateusz Chaberski and Malgorzata Sugiera. Transcript Verlag. *(2019) “Inventing Pasts and Futures. Speculative Design and Media Archaeology” in New Media Archaeologies, edited by Ben Roberts and Mark Goodall. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 205-232. *(2018) “Handmade Films and Artist-run Labs: The Chemical Sites of Film’s Counterculture.” (With Rossella Catanese
''NECSUS – The European Journal of Media Studies'', Autumn 2019
*(2018) “Middle-East and Other Futurisms: Imaginary Temporalities in Contemporary Art and Visual Culture.” ''Culture, Theory and Critique'' vol. 59: 1, 40-58. *(2017) “The Underpinning Time: From Digital Memory to Network Microtemporality” in ''Digital Memory Studies. Media Pasts in Transition'', ed. Andrew Hoskins. New York and London: Routledge,156-172 *(2017) "The Sensed Smog: Smart Ubiquitous Cities and the Sensorial Body”
Fibreculture journal issue 29
*(2016
“Planetary Goodbyes: Post-History and Future Memories of an Ecological Past”
in ''Memory in Motion. Archives, Technology and the Social'', Edited by Ina Blom, Trond Lundemo, and Eivind Rossaak. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2016, 129-152. *(2016) “Deep Times of Planetary Trouble” ''Cultural Politics'' Vol 12 (3), November 2016,. 279-292. *(2016) “The Signal Haunted Cold War: The Persistence of the SIGINT Ontology” in ''Cold War Legacies: Systems, Theory, Aesthetics'', eds. John Beck and Ryan Bishop. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh Press, 167-187. *(2016) “So-Called Nature: Friedrich Kittler and Ecological Media Materialism” in ''Sustainable Media'', eds. Nicole Starosielski and Janet Walker. New York: Routledge, 196-211. *(2015) “Postscript: Of Disappearances and the Ontology of Media Studies” in ''Media After Kittler'', eds. Eleni Ikoniadou and Scott Wilson, London: Rowman & Littlefield International. *(2015) “Earth Forces: Contemporary Media Land Arts and New Materialist Aesthetics
Cultural Studies Review
, vol. 21 (2). *(2015) "Mutating Media Ecologies
continent. Volume 4, Issue 2, 24–32.
* (2015) "Media Archaeology Out Of Nature. A Conversation with Paul Feigelfeld
E-Flux, 62
* (2014) “Cultural Techniques of Cognitive Capitalism: Metaprogramming and the Labor of Code.” Cultural Studies Review 20 (1), March 2014, 29-51. * (2014) “McLuhan at Taksim Square”. 50th Anniversary Special Issue of Marshall McLuhan’s Understanding the Media. Journal of Visual Culture, April 2013, 13 (1), 91-93. * (2013) “Critically Engineered Wireless Politics”
Culture Machine
. * (2012) “New Materialism as Media Theory: Medianatures and Dirty Matter” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies Volume 9, Issue 1, Feb 10, 2012, 95-100. * (2011) “Operative Media Archaeology: Wolfgang Ernst’s Materialist Media Diagrammatics.” Theory, Culture & Society 28(5), 52-74. * (2011) “Mapping Noise: Techniques and Tactics of Irregularities, Interception, and Disturbance,” in Media Archaeology, eds. Erkki Huhtamo & Jussi Parikka. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. * (2011) “Towards and Archaeology of Media Archaeology,” (with Erkki Huhtamo) in Media Archaeology, eds. Huhtamo and Parikka. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. * (2011) "Media Ecologies and Imaginary Media: Transversal Expansions, Contractions and Foldings" Fibreculture 17. * (2010) "Sublimated Attractions - The Introduction of Early Computers in Finland in the late 1950s as an Audiovisual Experience". With Jaakko Suominen. Media History 16:3, August 2010 * (2010) "Archaeologies of Media Art - Jussi Parikka in conversation with
Garnet Hertz Garnet Hertz (born 1973) is a Canadian artist, designer and academic. Hertz is formerly Canada Research Chair in Design and Media Art and is known for his electronic artworks and for his research in the areas of '' critical making'' and DIY cultu ...

Ctheory-journal 4/1/2010.
* (2010) "Ethologies of Software Art: What Can a Digital Body of Code Do?" In: Deleuze and Contemporary Art, edited by Simon O'Sullivan and Stephen Zepke. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press * (2010) "Archaeology of Imaginary Media: Insects and Affects." In: Verbindungen/Jonctions 10, Brussels. * (2009) "Archives of Software: Computer Viruses and the Aesthesis of Media Accidents." In: The Spam Book: On Viruses, Porn, and Other Anomalies from the Dark Side of Digital Culture. Eds. Jussi Parikka & Tony D Sampson. Cresskill: Hampton Press * (2009) "On Anomalous Objects of Network Culture. An Introduction." With Tony D Sampson. In: The Spam Book: On Viruses, Porn, and Other Anomalies from the Dark Side of Digital Culture. Eds. Parikka & Sampson. Cresskill: Hampton Press * (2008) "Insect Technics." In: (Un)Likely Alliance - Thinking the Environment(s) with Deleuze/Guattari, edited by Bernd Herzogenrath. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 339-362. * (2008) "Politics of Swarms: Translations Between Entomology and Biopolitics." Parallax vol. 14, issue 3. * (2008) "Copy." In: Software Studies. A Lexicon. Edited by Matthew Fuller. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. * (2007) "Contagion and Repetition - On the Viral Logic of Contemporary Culture." Ephemera - Theory & Politics in Organization vol.7, no.2, (May 2007). * (2007) "Fictitious Viruses - Computer Virus in the Science-Fiction Literature of the 1970s." In: SciFi in the Minds Eye: Reading Science Through Science Fiction. Edited by Margret Grebowicz. Open Court Publishing. * (2007) "Insects, Sex and Biodigitality in
Lynn Hershman Leeson Lynn Hershman Leeson (née Lynn Lester Hershman; born June 17, 1941) is an American multimedia artist and filmmaker. Her work with technology and in media-based practices is credited with helping to legitimize digital art forms. Her interests inc ...
's Teknolust." Postmodern Culture volume 17, 2/2007. * (2007) "Control and Accident: Images of Thought in the Age of Cybernetics." NMEDIAC - The Journal of New Media and Culture vol. 4 no. 1. * (2006) "Victorian Snakes? Towards A Cultural History of Mobile Games and the Experience of Movement." Game Studies 1/2006. (With Jaakko Suominen.) * (2006) "Kohti materiaalisen ja uuden kulttuurianalyysia, eli representaation hyödystä ja haitasta elämälle." (With Milla Tiainen). Kulttuurintutkimus 2/2006, 3-20. * (2005) "The Universal Viral Machine - Bits, Parasites and the Media Ecology of Network Culture." CTheory - An International Journal of Theory, Technology and Culture, 15.12.2005. Translation in Portuguese ("A Máquina Viral Universal", Fileguest 2006 conference catalogue, Rio de Janeiro). The English version also republished in the Spanish Aminima-magazine. * (2005) "Digital Monsters, Binary Aliens - Computer Viruses, Capitalism and the Flow of Information." Fibreculture, issue 4. A new version republished in 2010 by Thirdsound Press. * (2005) "Viral Noise and the (Dis)Order of the Digital Culture". M/C Journal of Media / Culture. Vol. 7, issue 6 (Jan. 2005).


References


External links


Official site and blog of Dr. Jussi Parikka
{{DEFAULTSORT:Parikka, Jussi Living people Cultural historians 21st-century Finnish philosophers Finnish art historians Postmodern theory Mass media theorists Postmodernists 1976 births Finnish expatriates in England Academic staff of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague Members of Academia Europaea Finnish expatriates in Denmark Philosophers of technology