Gyula Kautz (5 November 1829 – 27 March 1909) was a notable Hungarian

economist An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...

. The Faculty of Economics at the

Széchenyi István University The Széchenyi István University (SZE), also known as the University of Győr, is located in Győr and Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary. The university was established in 1968. In cooperation with Audi Hungaria, Audi Hungaria Motor Kft, one of t ...

holds his name.

Education

Born in

Győr Győr ( , ; ; names of European cities in different languages: E-H#G, names in other languages) is the main city of northwest Hungary, the capital of Győr-Moson-Sopron County and Western Transdanubia, Western Transdanubia region, and – halfwa ...

, he started his University studies at the Royal Academy of Philosophy at Győr. After two academic years, he moved to Pest to study at the

University of Pest A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Univ ...

, where he earned his doctorate in law in 1850. He then went on to study abroad for a year, visiting universities of

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; ; ) is the List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, fifth-largest city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, and with a population of about 163,000, of which roughly a quarter consists of studen ...

and

Leipzig Leipzig (, ; ; Upper Saxon: ; ) is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Saxony. The city has a population of 628,718 inhabitants as of 2023. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, eighth-largest city in Ge ...

. He was influenced by the English classical school of Economics, and also by

Wilhelm Roscher Wilhelm Georg Friedrich Roscher (; 21 October 18174 June 1894) was a German economist from Hanover. Biography Roscher studied at Göttingen, where he became a member of Corps Hannovera, and Berlin, and obtained a professorship at Göttingen in ...

, then a professor at

, a representative of the German historian school.

Academia

He started his academic career in 1851, with an assistant lecturer position at the Royal Academy of Justice at

Pozsony Bratislava (German: ''Pressburg'', Hungarian: ''Pozsony'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of the Slovakia, Slovak Republic and the fourth largest of all List of cities and towns on the river Danube, cities on the river Danube. ...

. He moved to work as a regular teacher at the Royal Academy of Justice at

Nagyvárad Oradea (, , ; ; ) is a city in Romania, located in the Crișana region. It serves as the administrative county seat, seat of Bihor County and an economic, social, and cultural hub in northwestern Romania. The city lies between rolling hills on ...

in 1853. His subject was the Austrian financial law, then

political economics Political or comparative economy is a branch of political science and economics studying economic systems (e.g. markets and national economies) and their governance by political systems (e.g. law, institutions, and government). Widely-studie ...

. In 1858 he moved back to Pest to become a teacher of public law and public administration at the Technical University of Pest. He was teaching at the

from 1863 onwards. He became the associate of the

Hungarian Academy of Sciences The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( , MTA) is Hungary’s foremost and most prestigious learned society. Its headquarters are located along the banks of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. The Academy's primar ...

in 1862, and he received regular membership in 1865. He was elected the

dean Dean may refer to: People * Dean (given name) * Dean (surname), a surname of Anglo-Saxon English origin * Dean (South Korean singer), a stage name for singer Kwon Hyuk * Dean Delannoit, a Belgian singer most known by the mononym Dean * Dean Sw ...

of the Faculty of Justice and Administration at

for the 1872/1873 term, and he was the rector of the

in the 1973/1974. From 1902 he was the chairman of the Hungarian Economic Association for 6 years. He held the position of the vice-chairman of the

from 1904 to 1907. He was the member of the

Société d'Economie Politique Groupe Lactalis S.A. (doing business as Lactalis) is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier S.A. Lactalis is the largest dairy pr ...

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

and the

Royal Statistical Society The Royal Statistical Society (RSS) is an established statistical society. It has three main roles: a British learned society for statistics, a professional body for statisticians and a charity which promotes statistics for the public good. ...

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

Political career

Kautz held liberal views. He was the member of the

Deák Party The Deák Party () was a political party in Hungary in the 1860s and 1870s led by Ferenc Deák. History The Deák Party was founded in 1865 as the successor to the Address Party. It won the 1865 elections in Hungary, and also won a large major ...

, and he belonged to the inner circle around Ferenc Deák. He was one of the key figures who prepared and developed the economic programme behind the

Ausgleich The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (, ) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary, which was a military and diplomatic alliance of two sovereign states. The Compromise only partially re-established the former pre-1848 sovereign ...

. In 1865 he won

's seat in the Parliament, and he held this position for three consecutive terms, from 1865 to 1883. He was elected the permanent member of the Upper Chamber in 1885.

Financial career

In 1883 he was named the Hungarian vice-governor of the

Austro-Hungarian Bank The Austro-Hungarian Bank (, , , , , , ) was the central bank of the Habsburg Monarchy in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The institution was founded in 1816 as the privilegirte oesterreichische National-Bank (), and changed its name in 1878 ...

, then the

central bank A central bank, reserve bank, national bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the monetary policy of a country or monetary union. In contrast to a commercial bank, a central bank possesses a monopoly on increasing the mo ...

of the

Austro-Hungarian Monarchy Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military and diplomatic alliance, it consist ...

. He was chosen to be the governor of the Austro-Hungarian Bank in 1892. He led the transition to the new currency, the

Austro-Hungarian krone The krone (alternatively crown; , , , , , , , , , ) was the official currency of Austria-Hungary from 1892 (when it replaced the Austro-Hungarian gulden, gulden as part of the adoption of the gold standard) until the dissolution of the empire in ...

. He left his position at the Austro-Hungarian Bank in 1900, when the monetary reform was completed.

Selected works

* 1858: ''Die National-Oekonomik als Wissenschaft'' (Theorie und Geschichte der National-Oekonomik. Propyläen zum volks- und staatswirtschaftlichen Studium; vol. 1). Wien : Gerold.Kautz 1858: . . * 1860: ''Die geschichtliche Entwickelung der National-Oekonomik und ihrer Literatur'' (Theorie und Geschichte der National-Oekonomik. Propyläen zum volks- und staatswirtschaftlichen Studium; vol. 2). Wien : Gerold.Kautz 1860: ; also written as "''Die geschichtliche Entwicklung....''" (). . Reprint 1970: Glashütten im Taunus : Auvermann, . * 1890: ''A nemzetgazdaság és pénzügytan rendszere''.

References

External links

Kautz Gyula Faculty of Economics
at the Széchenyi István University
Kautz Gyula College for Advanced Studies in Economy
at the Széchenyi István University {{DEFAULTSORT:Kautz, Gyula Economists from Austria-Hungary Hungarian writers Hungarian politicians 1829 births 1909 deaths