Julian Marshall (24 June 1836 – 21 November 1903) was an English music and print collector, tennis player and writer.

Life

Marshall was born in

Headingley Headingley is a suburb of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, approximately two miles out of the city centre, to the north west along the A660 road. Headingley is the location of the Beckett Park campus of Leeds Beckett University and Headingley ...

, Yorkshire, to a

flax Flax, also known as common flax or linseed, is a flowering plant, ''Linum usitatissimum'', in the family Linaceae. It is cultivated as a food and fiber crop in regions of the world with temperate climates. In 2022, France produced 75% of t ...

-spinning family. Faflak & Wright, p. 51 His father,

John Marshall John Marshall (September 24, 1755July 6, 1835) was an American statesman, jurist, and Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father who served as the fourth chief justice of the United States from 1801 until his death in 1835. He remai ...

, had been a Member of Parliament (MP) for

Leeds Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England. It is the largest settlement in Yorkshire and the administrative centre of the City of Leeds Metropolitan Borough, which is the second most populous district in the United Kingdom. It is built aro ...

. His grandfather was industrialist

, who was also an MP. Marshall attended

Harrow School Harrow School () is a Public school (United Kingdom), public school (English boarding school for boys) in Harrow on the Hill, Greater London, England. The school was founded in 1572 by John Lyon (school founder), John Lyon, a local landowner an ...

in London, before joining the family business. As a young man, Marshall started collecting prints, and later, music manuscripts. He was also a music writer and contributed work to the first edition of the ''

Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'' is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians. Along with the German-language '' Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart'', it is one of the largest reference works on the history and th ...

''. Marshall codified the rules of

real tennis Real tennis – one of several games sometimes called "the sport of kings" – is the original racquet sport from which the modern game of tennis (also called "lawn tennis") is derived. It is also known as court tennis in the United Sta ...

in 1872.Heiner Gillmeister ''Tennis: a cultural history''
/ref> In 1873 he played an important early

lawn A lawn () is an area of soil-covered land planted with Poaceae, grasses and other durable plants such as clover lawn, clover which are maintained at a short height with a lawn mower (or sometimes grazing animals) and used for aesthetic an ...

match with William Hart Dyke and John Moyer Heathcote at Lullingstone Castle. By 1877 the

All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club (AELTC), also known as the All England Club, based at Church Road, Wimbledon, London, England, is a Gentlemen's club, private members' club. It is best known as the venue for the Wimbledon Championsh ...

was proposing the first

Wimbledon Championships The Wimbledon Championships, commonly called Wimbledon, is a tennis tournament organised by the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in collaboration with the Lawn Tennis Association annually in Wimbledon, London. It is chronologically the ...

, and a review of the rules was required. Marshall, with his fellow MCC commissioner Heathcote and Henry Jones of the All England club, laid down the rules that are little changed to this day, in time for the first Wimbledon tournament on 9 July 1877. Marshall died on 21 November 1903 at

Hampstead Hampstead () is an area in London, England, which lies northwest of Charing Cross, located mainly in the London Borough of Camden, with a small part in the London Borough of Barnet. It borders Highgate and Golders Green to the north, Belsiz ...

Publications

*''The Annals of Tennis'' (1878) *''Lawn-tennis,: With the laws adopted by the M.C.C., and A.E.C. & L.T.C., and Badminton'' by Julian Marshall (1879) *''Tennis cuts and quips,: In prose and verse, with rules and wrinkles'' (1884) *''Tennis, racquets, fives'' 1890 Bell (with J Spens and Ja Arnan Tate)

Family

Marshall married Florence Ashton Thomas on 7 October 1864. She was a musician and author of ''Handel'' (1883) and ''Life and letters of Mary W. Shelley'' (2 vols. 1889). One of their three daughters was Dorothy Marshall, who became a noted chemist.

References

;Footnotes ;Sources * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Marshall, Julian 1836 births 1903 deaths English collectors English musicologists People from Headingley People educated at Harrow School English male tennis players British male tennis players Tennis players from West Yorkshire 19th-century British musicologists