Juan Ramírez de Lucas (1917–2010) was a Spanish writer and journalist, who, after his death in 2010, was revealed to have been the lover of Spanish poet and playwright

Federico García Lorca Federico del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús García Lorca (5 June 1898 – 19 August 1936) was a Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director. García Lorca achieved international recognition as an emblematic member of the Generation of '27, a g ...

. It was for Ramírez that the poet wrote his last collection, ''Sonetos de amor oscuro'' (Sonnets of Dark Love), completed in 1936 shortly before his

assassination Assassination is the willful killing, by a sudden, secret, or planned attack, of a personespecially if prominent or important. It may be prompted by political, ideological, religious, financial, or military motives. Assassinations are orde ...

by a Nationalist militia.

Early life

Ramírez was born in 1917 in

Albacete Albacete ( , , ) is a city and municipality in the Spanish autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha, and capital of the province of Albacete. Lying in the south-east of the Iberian Peninsula, the area around the city is known as Los Llan ...

in the Spanish province of

Castilla–La Mancha Castilla–La Mancha (, ; ) is an Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Spain. Comprising the provinces of Province of Albacete, Albacete, Province of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Province of Cuenca, Cuenca, Province of Guadalajar ...

into a "traditional provincial family" with ten children. His father was a medical examiner and sent Ramírez to Madrid at the age of 18 to study civil administration. Ramírez also aspired to write.

Federico García Lorca

The couple met in Madrid, during the

Second Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of democratic government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931 after the deposition of Alfonso XIII, King Alfonso XIII. ...

. Ramírez, 19-years-old, was introduced to García Lorca, 38-years-old at the time, by theater director Pura Maórtua de Ucelay at the Club Teatral Anfistora. The Anfistora was an avant-garde theater collaboration between García Lorca and Ucelay. Ramírez performed in several productions Lorca staged at Anfistora, and the two fell in love during rehearsals for the play ''Así que pasen cinco años'', which Lorca was directing. Their relationship continued during the year leading up to the poet's death. Tall and blond, he was nicknamed "el rubio de Albacete" (the blond from Albacete) by Lorca, and Ramírez was the youth he called "aquel rubio de Albacete" in the poem below: In the summer of 1936, understanding that his life was in danger, García Lorca determined to emigrate to Mexico. He and Ramírez planned to travel together, but Ramírez, being 19, needed his parents' permission to leave the country. They separated in July 1936 at Madrid's

Atocha Station Madrid Atocha (), also named Madrid Puerta de Atocha–Almudena Grandes, is the oldest major railway station in Madrid. It is the largest station serving commuter trains ( ''Cercanías''), regional trains from the south and southeast, intercity ...

, Ramírez bound for this family's home in Albacete and García Lorca for Granada to say farewell to his family. Ramírez's family refused him permission, and, while in Granada, García Lorca was seized and shot by a Nationalist militia. Ramírez received a last letter from the poet on 18 July 1936, after García Lorca had been killed. Ramírez did not disclose his relationship with García Lorca until near his death, when he gave his sister a box of letters and mementoes that confirmed his relationship with the poet and identifying him as the subject of ''Sonetos de amor oscuro.''

Later career

A specialist in the Spanish ''Arte popular'' (folk art) movement, Ramírez de Lucas wrote reviews for such periodicals as ''Arquitectura'' in Madrid and penned architecture criticism for the newspapers ''ABC'' (Madrid) and ''Arte y Cemento'' (Bilbao). After this death, Julia Sáez-Angulo, vice president of the Association of Art Critics, cited him as both a pioneer in architecture criticism and a great folk art expert.

Depictions in popular culture

The 2012 novel ''Los amores oscuros'' by Manuel Francisco Reina is a fictionalized imagining of the poet's relationship with Ramírez. London playwright Nicholas de Jongh retold García Lorca and Ramírez's story in ''The Unquiet Grave of Garcia Lorca,'' which was directed by Hamish MacDougall in 2014. De Jongh cited the homophobia and hate against García Lorca and Ramírez as part of his motivation for developing the work, citing as examples the fascist nickname for García Lorca "el maricón de la pajarita" (the queer in the bowtie) and that: "They loathed him because they believed, as one of them (

Ramón Ruiz Alonso Ramón Ruiz Alonso (1903–1982) was a Spanish politician who was a right-wing activist during the Second Spanish Republic and typographer by trade. Married to actress Magdalena Penella, they had four daughters: Terele Pávez (1939–2017), Juli ...

) said, Lorca 'had done more damage with his pen than many men did with their guns.'" Ramírez's relationship with García Lorca was the inspiration for ''Lorca Madly in Love'', a flamenco performance at

Carnegie Hall Carnegie Hall ( ) is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It is at 881 Seventh Avenue (Manhattan), Seventh Avenue, occupying the east side of Seventh Avenue between 56th Street (Manhattan), 56th and 57th Street (Manhattan), 57t ...

in November 2015. The performance was choreographed by and featured David Morales and also featured Spanish flamenco singer

Miguel Poveda Miguel Ángel Poveda León (born 13 February 1973) is a Spanish flamenco singer. Poveda has collaborated with artists from various disciplines who were previously unknown to flamenco audiences. He often collaborates with Spanish flamenco guit ...

Bibliography

Manuel Francisco Reina Manuel may refer to: People * Manuel (name), a given name and surname * Manuel (''Fawlty Towers''), a fictional character from the sitcom ''Fawlty Towers'' * Manuel I Komnenos, emperor of the Byzantine Empire * Manuel I of Portugal, king of Po ...

, ''Los amores oscuros'', 2012, Temas de Hoy, España

References