José Aniceto Clarín y Butalid (December 12, 1879 – June 2, 1935) was a Filipino politician who served as the 3rd president ''pro tempore'' of the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

of the

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

from 1934 until his death in 1935. He also served as acting

Senate President of the Philippines The president of the Senate of the Philippines ( or ), commonly referred to as the Senate president, is the presiding officer and the highest-ranking official of the Senate of the Philippines, and third highest and most powerful official in the ...

briefly in 1932 when Senate President

Manuel Quezon Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina (, , , ; 19 August 1878 – 1 August 1944), also known by his initials MLQ, was a Filipino lawyer, statesman, soldier, and politician who was president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 until his d ...

went on leave. He was elected in the 1934 Philippine Constitutional Convention election as a delegate from

Bohol Bohol (), officially the Province of Bohol (; ), is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas Regions of the Philippines, region, consisting of the island itself and 75 minor surrounding islands. It is home to Bohola ...

, Philippines. He died while on office as Senate President pro tempore on June 2, 1935, after he succumbed to lung cancer, a disease he had been suffering two months prior.

Biography

Clarín was born on December 12, 1879, in Tagbilaran, Bohol, to Don Aniceto Velez Clarín, first civil governor of the province of Bohol. Clarín was educated at the

University of San Carlos The University of San Carlos (USC or colloquially San Carlos) is a private, Catholic, research, coeducational basic and higher education institution administered by the Philippine Southern Province of the Society of the Divine Word missionarie ...

Cebu Cebu ( ; ), officially the Province of Cebu (; ), is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, and consists of a main island and 167 surrounding islands and islets. The coastal zone of Cebu is identified as a ...

primary education and then in Escuela de Derecho de Manila for his law degree earned in 1904. After his studies, he settled in Cebu and worked for his profession. One of the cases he handled as a lawyer were the kidnappings committed by the captain of a large American frigate in Cebu.

Philippine Assembly

Clarin would also serve the Philippine Legislature in 1907. As a legislator under the Philippine Assembly, he, along with Carlos Ledesma, advocated for the law on absolute

divorce Divorce (also known as dissolution of marriage) is the process of terminating a marriage or marital union. Divorce usually entails the canceling or reorganising of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the M ...

. Aside from that, Clarin also authored the Resolution no. 17. This resolution requested for the American government to admit young Filipinos to the

Naval Academy A naval academy provides education for prospective naval officers. List of naval academies See also

* Military academy {{Authority control Naval academies, Naval lists ...

Annapolis Annapolis ( ) is the capital of the U.S. state of Maryland. It is the county seat of Anne Arundel County and its only incorporated city. Situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, south of Baltimore and about east o ...

Relocation of poor Filipinos

Assembly Bill 39, introduced by Clarin on November 12, 1907, aimed to relocate poor Filipinos to

Mindoro Mindoro is the seventh largest and eighth-most populous island in the Philippines. With a total land area of 10,571 km2 ( 4,082 sq.mi ), it has a population of 1,408,454, as of the 2020 census. It is located off the southwestern coast of ...

and

Palawan Palawan (, ), officially the Province of Palawan (; ), is an archipelagic province of the Philippines that is located in the region of Mimaropa. It is the largest province in the country in terms of total area of . The capital and largest c ...

for land settlement. Eligible applicants, aged at least sixteen and in economic hardship, were to receive support like food and medical services, with a proposed budget of 100,000 pesos. The Commission rejected the bill, which Clarin proposed to reduce the number of Filipinos emigrating to Hawaii and promote economic growth in underpopulated areas. A year-and-a-half later, Clarin introduced Assembly Bill 394 of 1909, which was almost the same as Assembly Bill 39. This time the bill was aimed to relocate poor Filipinos to the island of Mindoro and three provinces of

Mindanao Mindanao ( ) is the List of islands of the Philippines, second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and List of islands by population, seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the ...

, particularly in Misamis, Surigao, and Agusan. This bill was rejected by the

Philippine Commission The Philippine Commission was the name of two bodies, both appointed by the president of the United States, to assist with governing the Philippines. The First Philippine Commission, also known as the Schurman Commission, was appointed by Pre ...

for several reasons. According to the Commission: *Palawan should have been included *not all provinces supported out-migration *the four provinces that did were too far apart for effective management *there was little chance for individuals to repay their debts; and *the responsibilities of the assigned place were unclear The Commission noted technical problems and suggested that further consideration be given in the next session. Clarin then authored Assembly Bill 209 on November 26, 1912, with the same title as bill 394. Although it passed in the Assembly, it was also rejected by the Commission.

As senator

As a senator, the bills he sponsored introduced regulations for the admission of foreigners to Philippine citizenship. In 1917, he served under the Senate Committee on Finance and was chairperson for the Senate Committee on Relations with the Sovereign Country. Since 1932, Clarin also served as acting senate president when Senate President

was on leave. In 1934, he became a delegate to the Constitutional Convention from the second district of Bohol and a member of the committee on sponsorship. He was Senate President pro tempore for the

10th Philippine Legislature The 10th Philippine Legislature was the meeting of the legislature of the Philippines under the sovereign control of the United States from 1934 to 1935. Sessions Leadership Senate * President: Manuel L. Quezon ( 5th District, Nacio ...

from 1934 to 1935. He remained as a member of the Philippine Senate until his sudden death in 1935. He died on June 1935 due to

lung cancer Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma, is a malignant tumor that begins in the lung. Lung cancer is caused by genetic damage to the DNA of cells in the airways, often caused by cigarette smoking or inhaling damaging chemicals. Damaged ...

, over which he suffered two months prior to his death.

Carlos P. Garcia Carlos Polestico Garcia (; November 4, 1896 – June 14, 1971), often referred to by his initials CPG, was a Filipino teacher, poet, orator, lawyer, public official, political economist, guerrilla and Commonwealth military leader who was the ...

, who was then

Governor of Bohol The Governor of Bohol () is the local chief executive of the provincial government of Bohol, Philippines. The governor holds office at the Bohol New Provincial Capitol in Tagbilaran City and its official residence is at the Governor's Mansion (B ...

, dubbed Clarin as the "idol of the 11th senatorial district". The town of

Clarin Clarin or Clarín may refer to: Geography *Clarin, Bohol, a municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines *Clarin, Misamis Occidental, a municipality in the province of Misamis Occidental, Philippines *River Clarin, a river in Ireland Media ...

Misamis Occidental Misamis Occidental (; Subanen languages, Subanen: ''Sindepan Mis'samis''; ; ), officially the Province of Misamis Occidental, is a Provinces of the Philippines, province located in the Regions of the Philippines, region of Northern Mindanao in th ...

is named in his honor.

Controversy

In 1910, there were protests made within the Philippine Assembly against the membership of Clarin representing Bohol. However, these protests were dismissed. During his time in the Assembly, there were numerous attempts to unseat him.

Personal life

Clarin was never married and died a bachelor. His younger brother, Olegario Clarin, also served as a Senator and representative of Bohol.

References

Citations

Sources

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Clarin, Jose 1879 births 1935 deaths Presidents pro tempore of the Senate of the Philippines University of San Carlos alumni People from Tagbilaran Senators of the 10th Philippine Legislature Senators of the 9th Philippine Legislature Senators of the 8th Philippine Legislature Senators of the 7th Philippine Legislature Senators of the 6th Philippine Legislature Senators of the 5th Philippine Legislature Senators of the 4th Philippine Legislature Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Bohol Members of the Senate of the Philippines from the 11th district Members of the Senate of the Philippines from the 12th district