Joseph Appelbaum (; born 1936) is a

professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...

(

emeritus ''Emeritus/Emerita'' () is an honorary title granted to someone who retires from a position of distinction, most commonly an academic faculty position, but is allowed to continue using the previous title, as in "professor emeritus". In some c ...

) in the

Engineering Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design process to Problem solving#Engineering, solve problems within technology, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve Systems engineering, s ...

Faculty at

Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv University (TAU) is a Public university, public research university in Tel Aviv, Israel. With over 30,000 students, it is the largest university in the country. Located in northwest Tel Aviv, the university is the center of teaching and ...

, and former holder of the Ludwig Jokel Chair of Electronics in the faculty. He is a life

fellow A fellow is a title and form of address for distinguished, learned, or skilled individuals in academia, medicine, research, and industry. The exact meaning of the term differs in each field. In learned society, learned or professional society, p ...

IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is an American 501(c)(3) organization, 501(c)(3) public charity professional organization for electrical engineering, electronics engineering, and other related disciplines. The IEEE ...

“for contributions to solar conversion systems”.

Early life and education

Joseph Appelbaum was born in

Siedlce Siedlce () ( ) is a city in the Masovian Voivodeship in eastern Poland with 77,354 inhabitants (). The city is situated between two small rivers, the Muchawka and the Helenka, and lies along the European route E30, around east of Warsaw. It is ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

. He moved with his family to

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

in 1949. He studied at Bosmat Technical High School, and served in the IDF

signal corps A signal corps is a military branch, responsible for military communications (''signals''). Many countries maintain a signal corps, which is typically subordinate to a country's army. Military communication usually consists of radio, telephone, ...

during the years 1955-1957. Appelbaum received his B.Sc in

Electrical Engineering Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems that use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...

in 1961 (Cum Laude) and

M.Sc A Master of Science (; abbreviated MS, M.S., MSc, M.Sc., SM, S.M., ScM or Sc.M.) is a master's degree. In contrast to the Master of Arts degree, the Master of Science degree is typically granted for studies in sciences, engineering and medicine ...

in Electrical Engineering (1963), both from the Technion,

Haifa Haifa ( ; , ; ) is the List of cities in Israel, third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in . The city of Haifa forms part of the Haifa metropolitan area, the third-most populous metropolitan area i ...

. His

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the deg ...

degree was received in 1967 from the Technion. Appelbaum authored the thesis Design of Electrical Machines by Means of Digital Computers, under the supervision of Michael Erlicki.

Career

Appelbaum was an assistant professor at the

University of Oklahoma The University of Oklahoma (OU) is a Public university, public research university in Norman, Oklahoma, United States. Founded in 1890, it had existed in Oklahoma Territory near Indian Territory for 17 years before the two territories became the ...

in 1968. A year later he became a development project engineer at

General Electric General Electric Company (GE) was an American Multinational corporation, multinational Conglomerate (company), conglomerate founded in 1892, incorporated in the New York (state), state of New York and headquartered in Boston. Over the year ...

, U.S.A, before joining Tel Aviv University in 1972 as a senior lecturer at the Department of Electronic Communications, Control and Computer Systems. He was chair of the department in the years 1978-1980. Appelbaum was promoted to an associate professor in 1979, and full professor in 1986. He retired as an emeritus professor in 2005. During the years, Appelbaum has supervised 43 graduate students and authored over 200 scientific publications. During his career, Appelbaum held visiting academic positions at other universities and research institutes, including:

NASA Lewis Research Center NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field is a NASA center within the cities of Brook Park and Cleveland between Cleveland Hopkins International Airport and the Rocky River Reservation of Cleveland Metroparks, with a subsidiary facilit ...

Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County, Ohio, Cuyahoga County. Located along the southern shore of Lake Erie, it is situated across the Canada–United States border, Canada–U.S. maritime border ...

University of Colorado The University of Colorado (CU) is a system of public universities in Colorado. It consists of four institutions: the University of Colorado Boulder, the University of Colorado Colorado Springs, the University of Colorado Denver, and the U ...

, Boulder Colorado,

Queensland University of Technology The Queensland University of Technology (QUT) is a public university, public research university located in the city of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia. It has two major campuses, a modern city campus in Gardens Point, Brisbane, Gardens Point ...

Brisbane, Australia Brisbane ( ; ) is the List of Australian capital cities, capital and largest city of the States and territories of Australia, state of Queensland and the list of cities in Australia by population, third-most populous city in Australia, with a ...

, Universidad Publica de Navarra,

Pamplona, Spain Pamplona (; ), historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain. Lying at near above sea level, the city (and the wider Cuenca de Pamplona) is located on the flood plain of th ...

, Katholieke Universiteit,

Leuven, Belgium Leuven (, , ), also called Louvain (, , ), is the capital and largest city of the province of Flemish Brabant in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is located about east of Brussels. The municipality itself comprises the sub-municipalities of ...

. Appelbaum was also a consultant for various companies in Israel, including

Tadiran Tadiran was an Israeli conglomerate founded in 1962 by the merger of two companies, Tadir and Ran. Tadiran had interests in electronics, home appliances (refrigeration and air conditioning), telecommunications, batteries, medical systems and defe ...

and Koor Metals.

Research

Appelbaum's research work focuses on optimization methods for electromagnetic devices;

electrical machines Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwel ...

and drives;

solar energy Solar energy is the radiant energy from the Sun's sunlight, light and heat, which can be harnessed using a range of technologies such as solar electricity, solar thermal energy (including solar water heating) and solar architecture. It is a ...

(

radiation In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or a material medium. This includes: * ''electromagnetic radiation'' consisting of photons, such as radio waves, microwaves, infr ...

and systems);

photovoltaic system A photovoltaic system, also called a PV system or solar power system, is an electric power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics. It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar panels to abso ...

s (

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...

and space) and

solar radiation Sunlight is the portion of the electromagnetic radiation which is emitted by the Sun (i.e. solar radiation) and received by the Earth, in particular the visible light perceptible to the human eye as well as invisible infrared (typically p ...

Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. It is also known as the "Red Planet", because of its orange-red appearance. Mars is a desert-like rocky planet with a tenuous carbon dioxide () atmosphere. At the average surface level the atmosph ...

. Appelbaum has developed the solar radiation model which was first used in 1997 in the photovoltaic arrays for the Mars lander's

Pathfinder Pathfinder, Path Finder or Pathfinders may refer to: Aerospace * ''Mars Pathfinder'', a NASA Mars Lander * NASA Pathfinder, a high-altitude, solar-powered uncrewed aircraft * Space Shuttle ''Pathfinder'', a Space Shuttle test simulator Arts and ...

, and for the two robotic rovers: Spirit and

Opportunity Opportunity may refer to: Places * Opportunity, Montana, an unincorporated community, United States * Opportunity, Nebraska, an unincorporated community, United States * Opportunity, Washington, a former census-designated place, United States * ...

. The solar radiation model was since then used for later missions to Mars.

Awards

Publications

Book * M. Crutchik, J. Appelbaum, Solar Radiation on a Catenary Collector, Paperback- October 18, 2018, NASA. Selected articles * J. Appelbaum, M.S. Erlicki, “A Problem of Economic Optimization of Electric Equipment Design”, IEEE Trans. on Communication and Electronics, Vol. 83, No. 75, pp. 773-776, 1964. * J. Appelbaum, Y. Shamash, “A Method for the Optimization of a Production Line of Electromagnetic Devices”, IEEE Trans. on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Vol. SMC-7, No. 6, pp. 443-453, 1977. * J. Bany, J. Appelbaum, “The Effect of Shading on the Design of a Field of Solar Collectors”, Solar Cells, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 201-228, 1987. * J. Appelbaum, O. Bergshtein, “Solar Radiation Distribution Sensor”, Solar Energy, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 1-10, 1987. * J. Appelbaum, “The Quality of Load Matching in a Direct-Coupling Photovoltaic System”, IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, Vol. EC-2, pp. 534-541, 1987. * J. Appelbaum, D.J. Flood, “Solar Radiation on Mars”, Solar Energy, Vol. 45, No. 6, pp. 353-363, 1990. * J. Appelbaum, A. Steiner, G.A. Landis, C.R. Baraona, T. Segalov, “Spectral Content of Solar Radiation on Martian Surface Based on Mars Pathfinder”, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), J. of Propulsion and Power, Vol.17, No.3, pp.508-516, 2001. * J. Appelbaum, "Current mismatch in PV panels resulting from different locations of cells in the panel", Solar Energy, Vol.126, pp.264-275, 2016. * A. Aronescu, J. Appelbaum, "Design optimization of photovoltaic solar fields-insight and methodology", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.76, pp.882-893, 2017. * A. Peled, J. Appelbaum, "Enhancing the power output of PV modules by considering the view factor to sky effect and rearranging the interconnections of solar cells", Progress in Photovoltaic, 25(9),2017, . * J. Appelbaum, "The role of view factors in solar photovoltaic fields", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.81, pp.161-171, 2018. * J. Appelbaum, M. Crutchik, A. Aronescu, “Curved photovoltaic collectors-convex surface”, Solar Energy, Vol. 199, pp.832-836, 2020. * A. Aronescu, J. Appelbaum, “Solar Radiation on a Parabolic Concave Surface”, Energies 2021, 14, 2245. DOI: 10.3390/en14082245 Patents * J. Appelbaum, R. Weiss, ``Educational Simulator for Electrical Devices”, Patent No. 61977, 1984, Israel Patent. * J. Appelbaum, R. Weiss, ``Solar Radiation Sensor and System Including Same for Measuring Solar Radiation Distribution”, Patent No. 4,491,727, 1985, United States Patent.

Personal life

Joseph Appelbaum is married to Nili, a

social work Social work is an academic discipline and practice-based profession concerned with meeting the basic needs of individuals, families, groups, communities, and society as a whole to enhance their individual and collective well-being. Social wo ...

er. They have three children and live in

Raanana Ra'anana () is an affluent city in the southern Sharon Plain of the Central District of Israel. It was founded in 1922 as an American-Jewish settlement, 1 km south of the village of Tabsur, where an important World War I battle had tak ...

References

External links

Joseph Appelbaum
Tel Aviv University {{DEFAULTSORT:Appelbaum, Joseph Israeli electrical engineers 1936 births Living people Polish emigrants to Israel Fellows of the IEEE People from Siedlce University of Oklahoma faculty General Electric employees Academic staff of Tel Aviv University Technion – Israel Institute of Technology alumni 20th-century Israeli engineers Israeli expatriates in the United States