John Purchas, (born at

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, 14 July 1823; died at

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, 18 October 1872), was an author and a priest of the

Church of England The Church of England (C of E) is the State religion#State churches, established List of Christian denominations, Christian church in England and the Crown Dependencies. It is the mother church of the Anglicanism, Anglican Christian tradition, ...

who was prosecuted for ritualist practices.

Life

He was the son of William Jardine Purchas RN and his wife Jane Hills. He received his education at Bury St Edmunds, Rugby School and Christ's College, Cambridge (B.A., 1844; M.A., 1847). He was curate of Elsworth,

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, 1851–53, of Orwell in the same county, 1856–59, and of St Paul's Church, Brighton, 1861–66 (where he was a curate of Henry Michell Wagner); and perpetual curate of St James' Chapel,

, after 1866.

Prosecution for ritualism

His curacy in St James' is significant because of the direct contribution which was made through it to the controversy concerning

ritualism A ritual is a repeated, structured sequence of actions or behaviors that alters the internal or external state of an individual, group, or environment, regardless of conscious understanding, emotional context, or symbolic meaning. Traditionally ...

in the Anglican church. Purchas introduced the use of vestments such as the cope, chasuble, alb, biretta, etc., and used lighted candles on the altar, crucifixes, images, and holy water, together with processions,

incense Incense is an aromatic biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt. The term is used for either the material or the aroma. Incense is used for aesthetic reasons, religious worship, aromatherapy, meditation, and ceremonial reasons. It ...

, and the like. On 27 November 1869, he was accordingly charged before the Court of Arches with infringing the law of the established church; he did not appear to answer, giving as reasons his poverty, which prevented him from securing legal assistance, and ill-health. The case concerned interpretation of the Ornaments Rubric. Sir Robert Phillimore was Dean of the Arches at the time. Decision was rendered against him on 3 February 1870, but in terms which did not please Col. Charles James Elphinstone, who had brought the suit. Elphinstone appealed for a fuller condemnation, which was obtained on 16 May 1871 (Elphinstone, the original prosecutor, died before the case reached the Privy Council, so the case was brought by a Mr Hebbert) the decision going against Purchas in all points. Purchas had put his property out of his hands, and so could not be made to pay costs; moreover, he did not discontinue the illegal practices, and was suspended for twelve months; but in spite of this he continued his services until his death. The decision caused a controversy which extended over a considerable period and involved the leaders in the Anglican church.

Purchas' writings

Purchas' most important literary achievement was the editing of ''Directorium Anglicanum: being a Manual of Directions for the right Celebration of the Holy Communion, for the Saying of Matins and Evensong, and for the Performance of the other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church'' (London, 1858; a standard work on Anglican

). He was also the author of a comedy (
The Miser's Daughter or the Lover's Curse
', 1839), several poems, including
Poems and Ballads
' (1846); ''The Book of Feasts''; ''Sermons'' (1853); ''The Priest's Dream: an Allegory'' (1856); and
The Death of Ezekiel's Wife: Three Sermons
' (1866).

References

External links

* ttp://anglicanhistory.org/england/jpurchas/ Bibliographic directoryfrom Project Canterbury by Richard Mammana
Directorium Anglicanum
by John Purchas

by Frederick George Lee (1872) {{DEFAULTSORT:Purchas, John 1823 births 1872 deaths Clergy from Cambridge 19th-century English Anglican priests English Anglo-Catholics Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge People educated at Rugby School Anglo-Catholic clergy 19th-century Anglican theologians 19th-century Anglican priests