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Johann Michael Knapp (10 March 1791,
He lived in Rome from 1819 to 1840. There, he was a member of the local , also known as the "Ponte Molle Society". He continued to design projects for his hometown. In 1820, together with
Stuttgart
Stuttgart (; ; Swabian German, Swabian: ; Alemannic German, Alemannic: ; Italian language, Italian: ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, largest city of the States of Germany, German state of ...
- 22 October 1861, Stuttgart) was a German court architect in Württemburg.
Biography
His father, also named Johann Michael, originally came fromDitzingen
Ditzingen (; Swabian German, Swabian: ''Ditzenge'') is a town in the Ludwigsburg (district), district of Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located approximately 10 km northwest of Stuttgart, and 12 km southwest of Ludwigs ...
and was a Master baker. His mother, Elisabetha, née Bauder was from Waiblingen
Waiblingen (; Swabian: ''Woeblinge'') is a town in the southwest of Germany, located in the center of the densely populated Stuttgart region, directly neighboring Stuttgart. It is the capital and largest city of the Rems-Murr district. , Waiblin ...
. From 1808 to 1809, he attended the Polytechnic School in Karlsruhe
Karlsruhe ( ; ; ; South Franconian German, South Franconian: ''Kallsruh'') is the List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, third-largest city of the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, after its capital Stuttgart a ...
( now part of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT; ) is both a German public research university in Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, and a research center of the Helmholtz Association.
KIT was created in 2009 when the University of Karlsruhe (), founde ...
). After 1815, he pursued his artistic studies with Johann Heinrich von Dannecker
Johann Heinrich von Dannecker (October 16, 1758 in StuttgartDecember 8, 1841 in Stuttgart) was a German sculptor and director of an art school.
Biography
He was the third of five children of Georg Dannecker (1718–1786), a coachman of the nobl ...
. This was followed by an apprenticeship in Milan
Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nea ...
(1818).
He lived in Rome from 1819 to 1840. There, he was a member of the local , also known as the "Ponte Molle Society". He continued to design projects for his hometown. In 1820, together with Giovanni Salucci
Giovanni Battista Salucci (born 1 July 1769 in Florence; died 18 July 1845 in Florence) was an Italian architect.
Life and work
In 1783 Giovanni Salucci began studying architecture at the Accademia di Belle Arti in Florence. He received his fir ...
, he drew the construction plans for the Württemberg Mausoleum
The Württemberg Mausoleum is a mausoleum located on the Württemberg, in the Rotenberg borough of Untertürkheim, in Stuttgart. It was designed by Giovanni Salucci for King William I of Württemberg to house the remains his second wife, Cat ...
; on commission from Queen Katharina Pawlowna.
A trip to Naples in 1821 took him to Pompeii
Pompeii ( ; ) was a city in what is now the municipality of Pompei, near Naples, in the Campania region of Italy. Along with Herculaneum, Stabiae, and Villa Boscoreale, many surrounding villas, the city was buried under of volcanic ash and p ...
. Later, from 1829 to 1832, he worked on researching and illustrating ancient Etruscan __NOTOC__
Etruscan may refer to:
Ancient civilization
*Etruscan civilization (1st millennium BC) and related things:
**Etruscan language
** Etruscan architecture
**Etruscan art
**Etruscan cities
**Etruscan coins
**Etruscan history
**Etruscan myt ...
and Hellenistic
In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Greek history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra VII in 30 BC, which was followed by the ascendancy of the R ...
monuments in Italy and Sicily. He was named a member of the Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon
The Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon is one of the Pontifical Academies under the direction of the Holy See. The complete Italian name of the academy, Pontificia Insigne Accademia di Belle Arti e Letteratura ...
in 1840. That same year, he accepted an appointment as Court Architect in Württemberg and returned home.
In 1843, he and published ''Denkmale der christlichen Religion oder Sammlung der christlichen Kirchen Roms. Rom 1822–27. Auch: Die Basiliken des christlichen Roms. Mit 50 Kupfertafeln'' (Monuments of the Christian Religion in Rome).
He married Josephine Sofie Haag in 1837. They were divorced in 1849.Eberhard Fritz: ''Herr und Frau Hofbaumeister. Bemerkungen zum Schicksal des Ehepaares Johann Michael und Sophia Knapp''. In: ''Backnanger Jahrbuch'' 1996, S. 47–50.
Major works
* 1835: He designed the Casa Tarpeia on theCapitoline Hill
The Capitolium or Capitoline Hill ( ; ; ), between the Roman Forum, Forum and the Campus Martius, is one of the Seven Hills of Rome.
The hill was earlier known as ''Mons Saturnius'', dedicated to the god Saturn (mythology), Saturn. The wo ...
, as the seat of the .
* 1841: He drew the first drafts for the (Jubilee Column), for the 25th anniversary of the government of King William I of Württemberg
William I (; 27 September 178125 June 1864) was King of Württemberg from 30 October 1816 until his death.
Upon William's accession, Württemberg was suffering crop failures and famine in the "Year Without a Summer", in 1816. After taking office, ...
. The final work includes four relief
Relief is a sculpture, sculptural method in which the sculpted pieces remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term ''wikt:relief, relief'' is from the Latin verb , to raise (). To create a sculpture in relief is to give ...
s by , based on his designs.
* 1855-1859: The Late Classical Königsbau
The Königsbau is one of the formative buildings of Stuttgart's Schlossplatz. It forms the north-west end of the square and is mainly home to shops and cafés. Since April 2006, the Königsbau-Passagen, a 45,000 square meter retail and com ...
, designed together with Christian Friedrich von Leins.
References
Further reading
* * Gotthard Reinhold: ''Johann Michael Knapp (1791–1861). Eine Studie über Leben, Werk und Nachlaß des Stuttgarter Hofbaumeisters.'' Backnang 1994External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Knapp, Johann Michael 1791 births 1861 deaths 19th-century German architects Court architects Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon Architects from Stuttgart