Johann Bernhard Fischer (1685,

Lübeck Lübeck (; or ; Latin: ), officially the Hanseatic League, Hanseatic City of Lübeck (), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 220,000 inhabitants, it is the second-largest city on the German Baltic Sea, Baltic coast and the second-larg ...

– 1772, Hinterbergen near

Riga Riga ( ) is the capital, Primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Latvia, largest city of Latvia. Home to 591,882 inhabitants (as of 2025), the city accounts for a third of Latvia's total population. The population of Riga Planni ...

) was a

medical doctor A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis ...

of German ethnicity in the service of the Russian Empire as medical adviser to the Empress

Anna Anna may refer to: People Surname and given name * Anna (name) Mononym * Anna the Prophetess, in the Gospel of Luke * Anna of East Anglia, King (died c.654) * Anna (wife of Artabasdos) (fl. 715–773) * Anna (daughter of Boris I) (9th–10th c ...

Biography

Fischercwas born in what was then the Holy Roman Empure. He moved to whole young and spent his childhood and youth in Riga (then part of the

Swedish Empire The Swedish Empire or the Great Power era () was the period in Swedish history spanning much of the 17th and early 18th centuries during which Sweden became a European great power that exercised territorial control over much of the Baltic regi ...

, now

Latvia Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south. It borders Russia to the east and Belarus to t ...

). After studying in the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor. It developed in the Early Middle Ages, and lasted for a millennium ...

and the

Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, commonly referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation that existed from 1579 until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. It was a predecessor state of the present-day Netherlands ...

and travelling in western Europe he returned to Riga as a physician. Riga and the solurromdimg area passed from the rule of Sweden to the Russian Empire in 1721. For eight years (1734–42) he was medical adviser to the Empress Anna. In 1742 Fischer retired from state service and settled in his estate Hinterbergen near Riga. Here he wrote an account of his life ''Der In Beruhigung und Friede wohnende Montan'' (1745), in which title the capitals I, B, and F represent his initials. He also wrote verse idylls ''Empfindungen des Frühlings'' (1750), ''Hirtenlieder und Gedichte'' (1753), ''Daphnis an Silen'' (1754).www.answers.com
/ref>

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fischer, Johann Bernhard People from Livonia 18th-century physicians from the Russian Empire Emigrants from the Holy Roman Empire German emigrants to Sweden 1685 births 1772 deaths People from the Russian Empire of German descent